Child development week by week. Intrauterine development of a child by week

Pregnancy is milestone life of every woman. Tenderness and awe are caused by the understanding that a new life is growing inside you, a little person. The development of the embryo and fetus should be monitored not only by the doctor, but also by the woman herself. To make it more convenient to do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the stages of intrauterine growth of the baby.

Stages of fetal development

Pregnancy is a natural physiological process that occurs after the fertilization of an egg by a male sperm. As a result of this, a new organism is born - an embryo. On average, 40 weeks or 10 obstetric months pass from conception to birth.

During this time, several stages of embryo development occur inside the womb. From a defenseless single-celled creature, he grows into a full-fledged human being who can live independently. Pregnancy is divided into periods: embryonic and fetal.

At the first stage, the embryo acquires characteristics characteristic of a person, and at the second, its organs and vital systems are formed. We propose to consider these stages of embryo development in more detail.

Embryonic period

Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube. From this moment and the next 5 days, the cells in the fertilized egg will divide exponentially, going down the tube into the uterine cavity. At the end of the journey, this multicellular creature becomes like a blackberry. At this stage it is called morula. By the end of the first week of pregnancy, it penetrates the walls of the uterus and “connects” to the mother’s circulatory system.

Over the next 7 days, the placenta, umbilical cord and neural tube are born, from which the fetal nervous system will form. Days 14 to 21 are critical. During this period, all the vital organs of the child, the rudiments of the nervous, circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems begin to form. A wide plate is formed in the head area, then the brain will form in this place. On the first 21 days the heart will begin to beat.

By the end of the first obstetric month (28 days), the embryo develops a spine, muscular system and limbs. There are points visible on the head - eyes, nose and mouth. The heart works actively and pumps blood through the developing vessels. On day 27, the creation of the neural tube is completed.

When observing the development of the embryo week by week, I would like to note the importance of the period of formation of internal organs. The rudiments obtained from days 14 to 28 begin to actively develop. At 5 weeks, the liver, pancreas, lungs, larynx and trachea are formed. Parts of the brain and germ cells are formed, sensory organs develop, and the circulatory system grows.

The limbs, upper sponge and nose are visible, the rudiments of nails and the umbilical cord appear. At 6 weeks, the formation of the brain, facial muscles, upper limbs and internal organs continues. During these 7 days, the length of the embryo will increase from 1.5 mm to 5 mm. Fingers appear on the hands, and eyelids appear on the eyes.

By the end of the 8th week, the size of the fetus in the egg will increase by another 16 mm. In 14 days, the embryo will finally switch to nutrition through the umbilical cord. His face will acquire human features, he will learn to open his mouth. The bones will begin to harden, the membranes between the fingers will disappear. At this stage, the embryo is no longer called a fetus, and from now on it is a fetus. The periods of development also change, from embryonic to fetal.

fetal period

With the end of 2 months critical periods embryo development decreases. From 9 to 20 weeks, the baby begins to grow and develop rapidly; he gains weight by leaps and bounds. Starting from a pea, the fruit will gain up to 350 g.

After 56 days, the fetal heart begins to work at a frequency of 150 beats per minute, pumping blood through the vessels, and develops endocrine system, cartilage tissue is improved. Over the next 7 days, the sucking reflex will be established, the tail at the bottom of the spine will disappear, and buttocks will begin to form.

The embryo moves freely in the egg. His movements are not completely chaotic, he can consciously move his head and limbs, push off from the walls of the uterus. At week 11, the iris of the eyes will form, which will determine their color. By the end of the 3rd obstetric month, the fetus has eyebrows and eyelashes, the genitals are developing, and the neck is visible.

From 84 to 112 days of embryo development in the egg, the nervous and digestive systems are improved. The pancreas and thyroid glands begin to work, producing hormones. The urinary system “turns on”, the bones are already stronger, the skin is thin and folded, red, covered with fluff.

The face and limbs are formed. The baby, while in the egg and floating in the amniotic fluid, can make faces, frown and smile. An ultrasound reveals the sex of the baby.

Starting from the 17th week, you can feel movements, the heart is listened to with a stethoscope. The fetal head is raised, fists are clenched. By the end of the 5th month, he will learn to suck a finger, blink, hear sounds from the outside and respond to them. The endocrine and circulatory systems are active, the composition of the blood changes. In the egg, the fetus sleeps and wakes. By the end of the 20th week, his weight is about 340 g, his height is up to 25 cm.

At the 6th month of development of the baby in the egg, he actively moves. By day 154, the formation of the spine and joints will be completed. By the end of the month, an emotional connection with the mother will be established. The frequency of respiratory movements increases to 55 times per minute, and the genitals are actively developing.

From 25 to 28 weeks, the formation of internal organs ends. Babies born at 7 months are already able to survive. During this period, their lungs and bone marrow are actively developing, the endocrine system and cerebral hemispheres are working. The sense of smell appears, an individual metabolism is created. The weight of the fetus is already about 950 g, height – 38 cm.

During the 8th month, the baby gains weight, doubling it. The subcutaneous layer accumulates, the folds are smoothed out, and the body becomes lighter. During periods of sleep, the eyes are closed. When the abdomen is brightly illuminated, the child squints his eyes, his pupils narrow. The functioning of internal organs improves, the kidneys produce up to 500 ml of urine, the number of convolutions in the brain increases, and the lungs are formed.

From 33 to 36 weeks the embryo is actively preparing for independent living. Nail plates finally formed, the skin brightens and has a good fat layer. By the end of the 9th obstetric month, the weight of the fetus in the egg can be from 2 to 3 kg, the height is about 48 cm. The skeleton has become stronger, only the skull bones remain soft. The fruit turns head down.

During the 10th month, the digestive system improves, the lungs, nose and ears become more elastic. 2 weeks before birth, the baby begins to press his head against the pelvic bones, preparing his way.

He is fully formed, the body is proportional. During this period of development, the embryo gains weight by the day, equal to 35 g per day. Birth weight can range from 2 to 4 kg. Normal period The period for childbirth is considered to be from 38 to 40 weeks.

Critical periods

The first 2 months after conception are considered the most dangerous. For 1–2 weeks, there is a high probability of improper development of the fertilized egg. It may not descend into the uterus or become embedded in it. The result: miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.

The process of giving birth to a new life can only be compared to magic. A woman feels such transformations only during a special period. Not only her body and feelings change, but also her awareness of the whole world. Together with the child, the expectant mother goes through a huge stage from the appearance of one cell to the birth of a new inhabitant of the planet.

Pregnancy week by week, the development of the fetus and the woman’s sensations will allow us to understand the changes that occur in the physiological and psychological level. The entire period will last 40 weeks, or 10 lunar months, each of which has 28 days (full cycle).

1 week pregnant

According to obstetric terms, the first week is considered to be the last day of menstruation. Conception does not necessarily occur during this period; it can occur after 2 or 3 weeks, depending on the time of ovulation. You can find out about the onset of the long-awaited state only by measurements basal body temperature. At this time, home tests or blood donation for hCG will not show the true result. Clear signs are absent, the woman is still active, the body is still only going through preparatory stages.

Fertilization

The fusion of the egg and sperm occurs in the fallopian tube. As soon as fertilization has occurred, one main cell is formed - the zygote. It is this that is the basis of all systems and organs that will be laid down and formed over the course of 9 months. The first violent chemical reactions begin, the enhanced synthesis of special hCG hormones observed on day 5-6. This will reduce the immune defense of the maternal body in order to preserve the embryo.

• get rid of bad habits, smoking, alcohol;
• start eating right; your body should receive proteins, fats and carbohydrates in a ratio of 1:1:4, respectively;
• Avoid medical procedures involving radiation; when taking medications, you should consult a doctor;
• You may need multivitamins that include folic acid; it is advisable for the expectant mother to start the course at the pre-planning stage.

The woman’s feelings are no different, she leads a normal lifestyle, physiological changes will come a little later. But some mothers are very developed intuition and sensitivity, they can determine the exact onset of conception without tests and analyses.

2 weeks pregnant

According to obstetric dates, this is the time of ovulation. During this period after the end of menstruation, the body is actively preparing for reproductive function. The ovaries release an egg, and if there are several, a multiple pregnancy can occur. Through the abdominal cavity it is sent to the fallopian tube, the whole process is controlled by the hypothalamus. The egg awaits conception throughout the day. The sperm has a higher viability up to 5 days.

The time of ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle; if it consists of 28 days, then on the 14th day the egg matures. If conception does not happen, then after 2 weeks the unfertilized female cell is excreted during menstruation.

Woman's feelings:

• is changing hormonal background, sensitivity to odors may occur;
• pulling sensations in the lower abdomen;
• increased libido, development of sensuality and sexuality.

You can calculate the moment of ovulation using special pharmacy tests, or by measuring basal temperature!

These are optional symptoms; more often than not, women do not notice such subtle processes that prepare her body for motherhood.

3 weeks pregnant

In fact, this is the first week of the birth of future life. Conception occurs as follows. The most active and strong sperm reach the egg 1-2 hours, the rest are destroyed by the protective cells of the female reproductive system. The egg is many times larger than the sperm and consists of several membranes. The strongest and fastest penetrates inside, and fusion begins, forming a unique set of chromosomes. The rest of the spermatozoa die.

The resulting zygote moves from the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity. At this time, it is nourished by protein compounds of tissues, as well as internal reserves. As soon as it is fixed on the walls of the uterus, the process of preparing the maternal body begins. Embryo implantation may be accompanied by scanty spotting, and sometimes a woman simply does not notice it.

A woman’s sensations depend on her sensitivity. Some experience nausea, weakness, and dizziness. The most important thing at this stage is to ensure sufficient intake of protein, folic acid, calcium and iron. Therefore, it is worth adjusting your diet and daily routine; overwork and stress can have a detrimental effect on the course of development.

4 weeks pregnant

During this period, the placenta and amniotic fluid begin to form, they will provide the baby with vital functions. In addition, the head appears, 3 main layers are also laid, after which systems and organs will develop. Paternal genes are responsible for their formation.

Appearance of the embryo:

• ectoderm – formation of the brain;
• endoderm – organs of the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland, liver;
• mesoderm – musculoskeletal and circulatory system.

Mom's feelings:

• there is a sharp change in mood, drowsiness, or vice versa – a surge of energy;
• increased irritability to smells and tastes;
• nausea in the morning, dizziness;
• The breasts may already become larger and the sensitivity of the nipples will increase.

Pregnancy can be determined using a test or ultrasound. During this period, it is necessary to provide adequate nutrition and a gentle regime. It is important to take care of your immunity, avoid visiting mass events, and contact with patients.

5 weeks pregnant

The expectant mother is already beginning to suspect a new condition, because menstruation should have happened a week ago. In addition to psycho-emotional moments, there are other signs of conception.

Physiological changes in a woman:

• the amount of discharge increases, normally it resembles mucus, like chicken protein, at this time a plug is formed that protects the fetus from infections until the moment of birth;
• heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen may signal the development of a threat, or be part of natural process In any case, consultation with a gynecologist is necessary;
• fainting and dizziness indicate sudden surges in sugar, so the entire daily diet should be divided into small portions, increasing the number of doses;
• emotionally, there is instability, fears, doubts, and worries about the assigned responsibility appear.

Child

The baby reaches a size of 1.7-2 cm, big head and a small body give it a resemblance to a tadpole. This is a very important period, as the formation of the spinal cord and brain occurs. small heart beats and the blood circulates. It is important for mom to continue taking folic acid during this time. normal development nervous system, ensure proper sleep and rest.

6 weeks pregnant

This week you can use ultrasound to measure CTE (coccygeal-parietal size), its norm of 5-6 mm indicates proper development. In addition, in the photographs you will be able to see the tubercles of the arms and legs, the formation of fingers is beginning, and soon they will become full-fledged limbs. In the meantime, the formation of the mouth, chin, and cheeks is underway.

Changes in the expectant mother:

• hormonal changes begin to affect eating habits, you constantly feel hungry, or vice versa, foods cause nausea;
• weight gain is not yet happening, if there is toxicosis, the woman may even lose weight;
• if the discharge changes, is accompanied by a specific odor and discomfort, you need to urgently consult a doctor, the risk of fungal diseases is high;
• The area in the lower abdomen may increase, which is easy to detect by clothing; the lack of muscle tone of the uterus gives this effect.

Avoid any contact with chemicals, detergents, tobacco smoke. You should also not visit bathhouses, beaches, solariums, and swimming pools.

7 weeks pregnant

The main feature is the replacement corpus luteum the placenta, which by this time should be fully formed and perform its nutritional and protective functions. The risk is present if previous infections have led to abnormalities.

Fetal development by week of pregnancy description with photo:

• grows by leaps and bounds, reaching a size of 1.8 cm and a weight of 2 grams;
• Both hemispheres of the brain have already been formed, the construction of the nervous system continues;
• the body is exactly the same size as the head, there is also a small tail on the tailbone;
• blood circulation is completely improved, the placenta now supplies oxygen, nutrients, and protects against toxins, infections, and pathogenic microflora;
• the musculoskeletal system continues to form, fingers are visible, skeletal tissue turns into bone tissue, the embryo can bend its elbows and knees;
• the heart already consists of 4 chambers, pumps blood throughout the small body;
• a nose appears on the face, with nostrils, as well as an upper lip, the auditory system is formed, the rudiments of teeth are formed in the mouth;
• the integument already consists of 2 layers, the top one is the epidermis;
• by the end of the seventh week, a mound appears between the limbs; a little later it will be possible to determine whether it is a boy or a girl.

The expectant mother is already beginning to feel all the difficulties of pregnancy. Toxicosis, nausea and drowsiness may be accompanied by swelling, frequent urination, gas formation and disturbances in the digestive system. The baby develops very quickly, and the uterus reaches the size of an orange, which is accompanied by heaviness and pressure in the lower abdomen. The areolas of the nipples darken, and a line is drawn along the lower abdomen to the navel.

8 weeks pregnant

The main symptoms clearly appear, by which inattentive women, forgetting about the delay, can accurately guess their situation.

Main features:

• the woman’s silhouette is noticeably rounded in the area of ​​the abdomen, chest, hips, the gait becomes smooth and measured;
• the condition of the skin will change, for the better or worse depending on individual characteristics, or rashes and redness will appear, or vice versa - the face will be clean, fresh, without a single spot;
• taste preferences are quite original, the desire to eat something out of season arises very often, or a pregnant woman becomes selective in food, stopping at just a few products.

The baby continues to grow, reaching about 2 cm and weighing 2-3 grams. Almost all systems have been laid out, and their further development continues. The tail disappears, the ability to move his arms and legs chaotically appears, he unclenches his fingers. Bones and joints become stronger every day.

The visual system is formed, the embryo becomes less like an alien, the eyes are located closer to each other. On an ultrasound, you can see the ear canal; the face has a clearer contour with barely noticeable facial expressions. At this time, the baby can already respond to touch.

9 week

This period is characterized by intensive growth and the transition from embryo to fetus. The head is still quite large and lies on the chest, the arms and legs are well formed. The baby can move through the amniotic fluid as long as its small size (about the size of a grape) allows it. The genital organs are indicated, but it cannot be determined by ultrasound yet; you need to take a blood test.

It is important for a woman to still monitor her health; if bloody, yellow, or green discharge appears, she should consult a doctor. You should also be alert for pain in the lumbar region and lower abdomen. The doctor may recommend a consultation with a geneticist; if necessary, a chorionic villus biopsy is taken to identify developmental anomalies.

Fresh and high-quality products should prevail in the diet. If you suffer from heartburn, you should avoid hot spicy foods. Decoctions of rosehip and green tea sugarless.

10 week

A calmer period begins, the expectant mother gets used to the new state, and the baby’s systems and organs are already formed, and the development of the brain continues. His weight is approaching 7 grams, his head gradually begins to rise from his chest. The most amazing thing at this time is the development of the brain. The process occurs at incredible speed, with new chains of neurons being formed every minute. The fingers continue to lengthen, but the membranes between them remain. The main organs - liver, kidneys, lungs, intestines - are positioned correctly and continue to improve. The synthesis of sex hormones begins, in girls - estrogen, in boys - testosterone.

The woman’s breasts become even larger and veins appear noticeably. The tummy is round enough to think about comfortable clothes. The uterus continues to grow along with the baby, so the pressure on the pelvic organs increases. It is important to maintain a positive attitude, treat yourself with gifts, and not worry about changing body shapes. It’s worth choosing beautiful underwear and clothes to continue to feel beautiful and happy.

11 week

The baby already weighs about 11 grams, and the size is about 5-6 cm; from the first ultrasound, you can determine the development of the fetus and its compliance with the norms. The heart beats very quickly - 140 beats per minute. Growth is activated blood vessels in the placenta, the baby grows rapidly and requires more nutrients. The auricles are formed and hair follicles are formed.

For expectant mothers suffering from toxicosis, gradual relief occurs. By 14 weeks, morning discomfort should subside. Increased urination is a normal reaction of the body to hormonal changes. Need to drink clean water, as well as healthy drinks, it is better to limit products containing caffeine. You can also start (if there are no threats) to engage in fitness for pregnant women, and use oils for stretch marks; almond, sesame, and olive are considered the most effective.

12 week

The end of the 3rd month makes you forget about the risks that existed from the day the embryo was conceived. This is the time when a woman is already accustomed to the new state and can enjoy it. There are noticeable changes in appearance. The skin is fresher, more elastic, hair grows better, it has become thicker and silkier. Many pregnant women forget about a balanced diet, believing that during this period they can afford everything.

• You should forget about unhealthy fast foods, snacks, street food; hot, spicy, fatty foods can lead to constipation and affect the baby’s condition;
• do not overeat, trying to fulfill the norm for two; excess weight complicates the process of childbirth and subsequent rehabilitation;
• you need to forget about your own taste preferences when eating cottage cheese, fish, lean meats, nuts, fruits, and vegetables.

The fruit reaches 5 cm and weighs about 12-14 grams. The lungs are gradually strengthened, and the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is improved. The baby is trying to raise his head and can already suck his finger. Sensitivity to pain appears and reacts to sounds.

13 week

The 2nd trimester begins, the same recommendations for nutrition and moderate physical activity remain. A woman may notice a completely blurred waistline, and her breasts have increased by several sizes. You need to choose special underwear; discharge is often observed from the nipples - this is colostrum. You can forget about frequent trips to the toilet; raising the uterus relieves discomfort. If you experience nagging pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, you should consult a gynecologist. Discharge normally remains white, transparent, without any pungent odors.

The child weighs from 15-20 grams, his height reaches 6-7 cm. The baby's sensitivity is rapidly developing. It can react to temperature changes, light, music, noise, pain.

Physiological development:

• the eyes move closer and closer to each other;
• bones continue to harden, and muscles grow and improve;
• the ears take on their final shape;
• a dream appears, it lasts only a few minutes;
• physical activity includes various movements, in addition to bending, it can cross limbs and make chaotic swings.

14 week

The expectant mother gradually passes all her fears and doubts. She learns to enjoy the harmony of life, and her priorities are reassessed. The uterus continues to rise and the breasts continue to grow. A woman already needs to choose a freer and comfortable clothes. At this time, you should not indulge yourself in sweets; it is better to provide your child with high-quality protein. The average weight gain rate is 1.5-2 kg from conception, it is important to watch the clock and not overeat.

The baby continues to develop rapidly, reaching a weight of 50 grams, with a height of 10 cm. Pronounced facial expressions appear, as well as sleep and wakefulness patterns. The respiratory system is trained, insulin production begins. Heartbeat often depends on the behavior of the mother. Her bad habits and stress can lead to a noticeable increase in the fetal heart rate.

If you haven’t had an ultrasound yet, now is the time. The doctor can accurately measure the child’s parameters and determine compliance with standards.

15 week

The expectant mother continues to lead an active lifestyle, not forgetting to monitor her health.

Discomfort may be associated with:

• with the condition of your teeth, you definitely need to see a dentist to cure caries and bleeding gums in order to prevent infection;
• decreased immunity leads to respiratory diseases, it is important to limit trips to public places if symptoms appear, the doctor will recommend safe medications;
• weakness, the desire to rest, to get enough sleep - this is typical for such hormonal changes, you should not deny yourself, because when the baby is born, sleep will become a luxury;
• with enlarged veins you need to choose the right shoes You may need light exercise to relieve fatigue;
• pain in the lower abdomen is not always associated with abnormalities; the growth of the uterus is reflected in the stretching of muscles and ligaments.

The baby reaches the size of an apple, his movements are still active, and his sleep is short. The eyes are still closed, but the optic nerves are formed, the child can distinguish between light and shadow. The first hairs are emerging, the sweat glands are working.

16 week

The fetus becomes more and more like a baby. His body is covered with light fluff, the skin is still thin, and blood vessels are visible. Height is 11-14 cm, and weight reaches 110 g. changing chemical composition blood, red blood cells, platelets, lymphocytes appear, hemoglobin synthesis occurs. All features are already clearly expressed on the face, eyebrows and eyelashes emerge. The fetus is covered with a special white lubricant that protects the thin skin until the birth process.

The expectant mother continues to monitor her diet; sudden changes in weight will lead to dangerous changes pressure. The gait becomes like that of a duck, and fatigue appears in the legs. If this is not your first pregnancy, you may already feel fetal movements.

17 week

A woman's performance decreases. She needs the support of loved ones more than ever. Heaviness, pain in the sacrum, weight gain, affect the mother’s activity, her fatigue. From time to time it can feel hot or cold, sudden changes in mood are characteristic of accumulated fatigue. The support of not only the husband, but also all relatives is important; someone can cook soup, someone can take documents to the hospital.

The baby reaches a height of 13 cm, sleeps most of the time, and then stretches and grimaces. Reacts well to sounds, sharp, loud ones are scary, but mom’s voice will calm him down. The pituitary gland and adrenal glands are actively working, and in girls the formation of internal reproductive organs begins.

18 week

The tummy is quite pronounced and the mother has to choose sleeping positions; the left side is considered the most favorable for childbirth. A good appetite must be restrained; during this period, significant weight gain is observed. Carbonated drinks and large portion sizes can lead to constipation and bloating. A high need for calcium can affect the condition of the teeth, so the diet must contain fermented milk products. Breast sensitivity, darkening and expansion of the areola, increase in size, provoke depression. Don’t despair after giving birth, as long as you follow rational nutrition, you will be able to quickly return to normal.

The child reaches 18 cm and weighs 200 g. It is important to talk to your baby, this stimulates the development of his central nervous system. Mom can feel the first tremors during the period of activity; the musculoskeletal system develops. Unique fingerprints have already appeared on the fingers.

Week 19

Toxicosis and heartburn have finally subsided, but a pregnant woman may be bothered by itching of the skin of her growing abdomen. Worth using special creams or oils to reduce sensitivity. For fatigue and leg cramps, Magnesia preparations may be prescribed. Relaxing exercises will help you cope with back pain. It is important to alternate between activity and rest modes. If there are no threats or pathologies, you need to walk a lot and do feasible work. Self-prescribed bed rest can complicate the birth process due to muscle weakness.

The child reaches 220-250 g, sleeps most of the day, and while awake you can feel his movements. If the mother walks, the baby is rocked, but as soon as she lies down to rest, tremors are immediately felt. The sebaceous glands continue to produce white protective lubricant.

At this time, it is necessary to undergo a control urine test and a scheduled second ultrasound. On it you can already find out the gender and get a photo of the baby.

Week 20

A period of rest for the expectant mother, she enjoys her condition and blooming appearance. The tummy is small, neat, and does not interfere with movement and doing usual things. By her feelings, a woman can understand how the baby is developing. Strong intense tremors will signal a lack of oxygen, you need to go to Fresh air or ventilate the room. If this happens after physical activity, you need to lie down to rest, then the baby will calm down. It is recommended that a woman sleep on her side to avoid squeezing the veins. The basis of nutrition remains foods rich in calcium and iron - beef, buckwheat, cottage cheese, spinach, prunes.

The baby weighs about 280 grams, his height is 22-25 cm, he can not only yawn and tumble, but also play. The legs become longer and more proportional to the body, the head gradually becomes smaller. The skin thickens and already consists of 4 layers, protective lubricant continues to be produced. Nails appear on the arms and legs, and the first hairs appear on the head.

21 weeks

The most interesting thing at this stage is the mother’s opportunity to shape the child’s future taste preferences. If you eat hot, spicy, salty, sweet dishes, you will have to make a lot of effort to get your baby to try broccoli, buckwheat or carrots.

For the mother, problems remain with flatulence, strain on the veins and appetite control. Extra pounds can lead to large size fetus and complications during childbirth. Small portions and frequent meals will save you from feeling hungry. Nails and hair have significantly accelerated their growth, and their condition has also changed for the better.

The child reaches a height of 26 cm, weight – 330-350 g. Outwardly, he already looks like a newborn, all that remains is to gain kilograms and grow. Amniotic fluid allows the baby to know what mom ate for lunch. When the fetus moves, noticeable bumps may appear on the abdomen.

22 week

At this time, the belly is already noticeable, even under outer clothing; if there are no medical prescriptions, the woman can continue to lead a normal life. The condition of the skin improves, the expectant mother blossoms. It is worth paying attention to swelling; if there is fluid retention, you need to reduce the amount of salt. Upon detection physiological anemia, additional tests are performed to make an accurate diagnosis. You already need to undergo a routine ultrasound to determine the development of the fetus, as well as the condition of the placenta.

The child weighs about 410 g, height – 28-30 cm. Big sizes make motor activity difficult; most of the time he is in a curled-up position. The formation of the brain slows down, it is the turn of the nervous system to improve, and neurons are fully formed.

23 week

You can still enjoy your rest period. Heartburn and toxicosis are a thing of the past, now the main thing is not to gain excess weight. On average, a woman gains 5-7 kg by this time. The belly rises higher, the expectant mother may feel tension and fatigue in the lower sections spine. If this period falls on a hot summer, swelling is difficult to avoid. It is worth slightly reducing the amount of liquid, and also avoiding salty foods; it is useful to put your feet on elevated surfaces - pillows - while resting. If cramps occur, you need to avoid walking shoes, and also enrich your diet with foods containing calcium and vitamin E.

Child development:

• the weight has increased to 400-420 g, but the fruit itself looks wrinkled, soon it will accumulate subcutaneous fat and all wrinkles will disappear;
• the main processes that the baby is engaged in are the absorption of nutrients in liquid, and then excretion in the urine, thanks to frequent changes amniotic fluid, this is not dangerous for the child;
• the preparation of the respiratory organs begins, they are not yet fully formed, but the child is already doing the first test exercises;
• He sleeps most of the day, he develops the REM sleep phase, which means he is able to dream.

24 week

The baby grows along with the belly, this can lead to the appearance of stretch marks. They can upset women, especially bright red or brown ones. But after childbirth, with proper physical activity, you can return to your previous shape.

Expectant mothers feel great - first dangerous trimester passed, but the birth is still far away. You can work, relax, chat with friends, go on picnics. Recommendations regarding nutrition remain, as well as correct distribution time - active mode and sleep.

• if the doctor places the fetus in breech position, do not be upset; before birth, he will change his position;
• the baby has grown to 25 cm and weighs about 500 grams;
• inhales and exhales, but oxygen continues to flow through the umbilical cord;
• further formation of the brain occurs, an increase in neural connections;
• The baby can already play with the umbilical cord, grimace, frown, and suck his finger.

If you experience spotting blood, acute pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, you should urgently consult a doctor; hospitalization may be required to maintain it.

25 week

Every woman's belly will look different, even though everyone's uterus becomes the size of a ball. There is pressure on the stomach, which often provokes heartburn. To avoid digestive problems, in particular constipation, it is recommended to include vegetables and cereals in the diet. If in the blood low level hemoglobin, therapy with iron-containing drugs is prescribed. To reduce the load on your back, you can already start wearing a bandage.

Baby development:

• in case of premature birth, the newborn will be viable, he will be placed in special conditions for maturity equal to 40 weeks;
• weight becomes 700 g, height 30-35 cm;
• there is a strengthening skeletal system, muscles improve, a grasping reflex appears, the baby clenches his hands into fists and determines his leading hand - right or left.

26 week

The load on the female body increases every day. Forgetfulness and absent-mindedness are possible, so it’s time to think about maternity leave. Walking becomes more and more difficult, especially if you have gained excess weight, normal fluctuations are from 6-8 kg. When moving, tension may be felt in the lower back, and the gait approaches a pendulum gait. If there is uterine tone, it is important to monitor your condition and prefer bed rest. If contractions or bleeding occur, medical attention is urgently required.

• the fetus already weighs about 1 kg, and its height is 33-35 cm;
• pigmentation changes due to the accumulation of subcutaneous fat, the skin brightens;
• the muscles become stronger; if the baby accidentally pushes the internal organs, the mother may feel painful discomfort.

To fill your life with exclusively pleasant emotions, do not forget about nutrition and exercise for pregnant women.

27 week

It becomes more and more difficult for mom to do her usual things. Fatigue sets in quickly and you have to rest more. This natural process allowing a woman to take a short vacation. It is advisable to devote this period to your favorite activities and hobbies, because after the birth of the baby there will be no time for it. At week 27, you can begin to rapidly gain weight; it is important to control this process with the frequency and number of servings. Shortness of breath and heartburn appear, which is associated with enlargement and pressure of the uterus. Breasts become increasingly larger and change by 1-3 sizes during pregnancy.

Child development:

• the brain grows and improves, the foundations of cognitive thinking are laid - memory, attention, and the main traits of temperament are also determined;
• the need for calcium does not decrease, final formation bone tissue is not yet completed;
• there is further accumulation of subcutaneous fat and changes in skin pigmentation;
• the placenta helps form the first immunity, which will protect the newborn for the first 6 months.

28 week

For most mothers, maternity leave has already begun. Depending on the kilograms gained, the pregnant woman’s feelings also change. More than 9 make movements clumsy, provoke fatigue, drowsiness, and digestive problems.

It is worth listening to the doctor’s recommendations and arranging fasting days. By this time the baby had already taken correct position, mom can even count the number of tremors; normally, about 10 should occur in 2 hours. Back pain will be relieved by a bandage and special gymnastics, which will also be useful during childbirth.

Child Formation:

• accumulation of subcutaneous fat continues, wrinkles are smoothed out, the skin gradually brightens;
• convolutions form in the brain, further growth and improvement of the rudiments of intelligence continues;
• emotions appear; the baby may frown or react to any discomfort with movements of his limbs.

If there is a Rh conflict, immunoglobulin therapy may be required; this will not harm the child, but will only avoid the risk of oxygen starvation of the fetus.

29 week

The baby is already feeling cramped and it seems to the mother that the baby has become stronger. In fact, his weight reaches 1.5 kg, his height is 36-40 cm. The optic nerves allow him to examine light more clearly and blink when its intensity changes. The child coughs and hiccups, and the mother feels it. Emotional sphere also does not stand still - the ability to cry appears. The internal organs are already formed. The muscles continue to grow, the respiratory system improves.

Woman's feelings:

• if the expectant mother has not yet changed her wardrobe, it’s time to do this, don’t be upset about loose, loose-fitting styles, in a few months you’ll be able to get back into shape;
• the condition of the skin changes, it becomes drier, pigmentation appears;
• in order to learn how to control your body during childbirth, it is advisable to master Kegel exercises; if there are no contraindications, yoga classes are useful;
• irritation and fatigue increase, the stomach becomes larger, the load when walking increases, sleep only on the side.

30 week

The growth of the abdomen also stretches the skin, it becomes thinner. Stretch marks also appear in the hip area. Constipation and swelling can be corrected proper nutrition. If the mother experiences dizziness and weakness, it is worth increasing the rest time. It is important to learn relaxation techniques during this period; they will help cope with insomnia and accumulated fatigue.

Child development:

• the process of interaction with his mother is improving, he calms down when his belly is stroked, he reacts violently in an uncomfortable environment - a stuffy room, tobacco smoke;
• small hairs – lanugo – that covered the baby’s body gradually disappear, but in some cases, the newborn may appear with it;
• The brain continues to grow rapidly, the number of convolutions and grooves increases.

31 weeks

At this time, all previous discomfort sensations intensify. The uterus has displaced all the internal organs, so shortness of breath becomes more frequent and breathing becomes difficult. Cramps, swelling, and back pain interfere not only during the day, but also at night, causing insomnia. A positive attitude, a relaxing massage, and yoga classes will help you cope. It is worth reducing the amount of fluid, urination occurs very often, and the woman may even limit her walks. Such sacrifices are not necessary, you must adhere to proper diet, and do not drink an hour before going out.

Child development:

• height reached 35-43cm, weight – up to 1.6 kg;
• trains control of the basic 5 senses;
• neural connections grow at feverish speed;
• The period of wakefulness increases, the baby is busy with his own business - breathing, looking, blinking, sucking a finger, clenching his fists, pushing.

32 week

The body is gradually preparing for the process of childbirth. Some may even feel training contractions. The stomach is already big, it can pull, it’s worth wearing a bandage. The woman’s movements and gait have become clumsy, she is slower in performing usual tasks. You shouldn’t deny yourself the desire to sleep or buy new clothes, and you’ll have to forget about sweets and spicy dishes. It takes longer to choose a comfortable position, the tremors become more intense.

Child development:

• height up to 46 cm, weight 1.6-1.8 kg;
• the fetus is still in a breech position, but may already turn head down;
• Brain development improves if you talk to your baby, read books, listen to music;
• The muscular system continues to strengthen, movements are better coordinated.

It's time to undergo the 3rd planned ultrasound, you can find out not only the size and formation of the fetus, but also clearly see it on the screen. Information about the state of amniotic fluid, the uterus, and the maturity of the placenta will also become important.

33 week

On average, a woman gained 10-12 kg during pregnancy. Hormonal levels increase, which can cause bleeding gums. Excessive irritability is caused by fear of the upcoming birth. It is important to maintain a positive attitude, fill life with joyful emotions, and communicate with pleasant people. It is worth remembering about feasible physical activity, it is necessary for muscle tone, otherwise it will be difficult to control your body during childbirth.

• height - 40-46 cm, weight -2100-2300;
• the child should already be in the desired position; if not, during childbirth this will require additional attention from the obstetrician;
• the sucking reflex necessary for breastfeeding is improved;
• The musculoskeletal system continues to develop, so cottage cheese is required throughout the gestation period;
• The fetus already looks like a newborn; cheeks and folds appear on the arms and legs.

34 week

Hormonal changes allow the mother to be in a good mood. She's tired of the discomfort and can't wait for the baby to appear. The weight increases noticeably to 12-15 kg, and the breasts continue to grow. The line from the navel to the lower abdomen, as well as the areola of the nipples, darkens. The nesting instinct is at its peak, the expectant mother is busy with household chores.

Baby development:

• height 41-47 cm, weight 2100-2400;
• the skin of the fetus is light and smooth, it is covered with a protective lubricant that facilitates the passage of the birth canal;
• When born at this stage, the child can breathe on his own and does not require intensive rehabilitation therapy.

35 week

The most crucial moment begins, preparation for childbirth. It is useful for the expectant mother to take special courses in consultation. Choose a partner for childbirth; it doesn’t have to be your husband, he can support and reassure you close person- friend, mother. The bag for the maternity hospital should already be packed so that the woman does not get nervous about little things. Belly reaches maximum dimensions, when walking, rapid fatigue sets in and swelling appears. It is important not to overeat at this time, otherwise the baby will be large and the birth process will be more complicated.

Child development:

• training of the respiratory system, sucking and swallowing reflex continues;
• the amount of amniotic fluid decreases, which causes discomfort for the baby, the body reports that it is time to change living conditions;
• the endocrine, nervous and immune systems continue to improve;
• gradually the baby lowers, the mother can feel this in easier breathing and reduced pressure on the back.

36-40 weeks

Everything is ready for the long-awaited emergence of a new life. 2 weeks before giving birth, the stomach drops and becomes stiff - this is a signal that the uterus is becoming toned. Contractions, both training and real, can begin at any moment. The woman has already gained from 9 to 16 kg, immediately before giving birth, a slight decrease is observed. It is mandatory to attend a consultation once a week; the doctor monitors the condition of the fetus and heartbeat.

Signs of the onset of labor:

• appetite increases;
• discomfort occurs in the lower abdomen, after which it will turn into pain;
• contractions begin in spasms with a frequency of 5 times per hour;
• the body begins to cleanse itself - vomiting and diarrhea are possible;
• the release of the mucus plug and the discharge of amniotic fluid is a direct signal of the onset of labor; immediate hospitalization is required.

The child reaches a size of 50-54 cm and weighs about 3-3.5 kg. He becomes very cramped in the mother's womb; all organs are formed and ready to support life after birth. The baby is sensitive to light, can distinguish colors, and very soon he will meet his mother. The female body also prepares - the joints become softer and more elastic. If necessary, you will need to undergo an ultrasound to determine the condition of the placenta and the location of the fetus. The child does not stop developing even after birth, the process continues only now he can feel the warmth of his mother’s hands.

During this period, an organism with primitive anlages emerges from a fertilized egg. various systems and organs. Intrauterine development is divided into prefetal and fetal stages. The boundary between them is the end of the second month of the embryo’s life, when it turns into a fetus.

The beginning of time

Fetal development begins not from the embryonic period, but even earlier, because the embryo develops from a fertilized egg, and fertilization of the egg is preceded by the long development of germ cells.

The pre-embryonic period includes the maturation of germ cells and fertilization.

If in the testes of men constant renewal of germ cells occurs on average every 2 months, then in the ovaries of women there is no renewal. After the birth of a girl, there are only about 400 thousand cells in her ovaries - the precursors of eggs, which are given to her for life. In every menstrual cycle One or less often two eggs are released from the ovary. This process is called ovulation. After leaving the ovary, the egg enters the fallopian tube, where fertilization occurs - the fusion of the female and male reproductive cells.

This fusion leads to the formation of a qualitatively new cell - a zygote. The zygote moves through the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity (this period lasts 7-8 days). When the zygote reaches the uterus, implantation begins - the implantation of the zygote into the wall of the uterus. The implantation process lasts 3 days.

In the prefetal period, intensive anatomical formation of the rudiments of organs that arose during the formation of the embryo occurs, and new anlages arise: the stomach and other parts of the digestive tract are distinguished, the intestinal anlage is divided into sections, the muscles are separated, and the skeleton is formed. In the second half before fetal period The facial parts and neck are formed, the circulatory system and sensory organs develop, the structure of the brain becomes more complex, and large digestive glands are secreted - the liver and pancreas. By the end of the second month, the rudiments of all organs are formed and occupy their permanent position.

During the fetal period, growth and functional maturation of fetal organs and tissues occur, i.e. starting from this period, the fetal organs acquire the ability to function.

Second month. In the embryo (its length is 4 - 5 mm), the anlage of the limbs becomes noticeable. By the end of the second month, the length of the embryo increases from 5 mm (at the 5th week) to 25 - 30 mm. The hands and feet have fingers that are already capable of movement; but these movements are not yet felt by the mother. Enough a long tail gradually turns into a small tubercle. The neck is being formed. The brain stops showing through the skin. The rudiments of the sensory organs are formed from the protrusions and depressions of the brain, while the eyes are already almost completely formed. The size of the head is very large (it is about half the length of the entire embryo). Installed permanent relationship the main structures of the face, with the exception of the ears, which are located very low. The fetal body begins to function: the brain sends impulses that coordinate the functions of other organs, the heart beats, the stomach secretes gastric juice, the liver produces blood cells. The rapid growth of the intestine, which began in the 6-7th week, leads to the fact that some of the intestinal loops no longer fit in the small abdominal cavity of the embryo and extend beyond its limits. The so-called physiological umbilical hernia, which reaches full development by the end of the second month, and completely disappears by the 10th week. At the end of the second month (8 weeks), the fetal body is formed, the rudiments of the limbs are present, the rudiments of the eyes, nose, and mouth are visible on the head, and the formation of the genital organs begins.

Third month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 7 cm, weight - 20 g. During the third month, the fetus grows rapidly and almost doubles its length. The head still remains relatively large and by the end of the month is about l/3 of the parietal-coccygeal length. The facial part is very small compared to the brain part of the skull. There is rapid growth of the eyelids, the edges of which fuse together in the 9th-10th week of embryonic development. The eyes open only in the seventh month of pregnancy. The first rudiments of hair appear (on the eyebrows, upper and lower lips, on the forehead). The limbs move, fingers and toes are visible, and the first points of ossification appear in the cartilaginous rudiment of the skeleton. Nail rudiments form on the fingers and toes. The fetus already knows how to grimace. Special studies have found that fetal facial expressions reflect changes in his mother's face when laughing or crying. The hands grow so much that the fetus can touch its head with its fingers and can clench its fists. At the beginning of the third month, the urogenital and anal openings appear. Based on the structure of the external genitalia, the sex of the fetus can be determined. By the end of the third month, the skin begins to lose the transparency characteristic of it in the first two months of intrauterine life.

Fourth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 15-18 cm, weight - 120 g. The head begins to lag somewhat behind in growth. Vellus hair appears on the body. The arms and legs are approximately the same length. The face is formed, the skull ossifies, the formation of the muscular system basically ends, the movements of the limbs become more active, but are not yet perceived by the mother, the sex of the fetus is clearly distinguished. The fetus moves a lot and can suck its own finger. The skin has several layers. The functions of various body systems become more complex. Using electron microscopy, it was found that the structure of nerve cells in the brain of a fetus of this age is almost the same as in newborns. It is already well possible to listen through the abdominal wall of a pregnant woman to the fetal heartbeat, the frequency of which reaches 120-150 beats per minute. By the end fourth month The enlargement of the pregnant woman’s abdomen is already becoming noticeable.

Fifth month.(The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 22 cm, weight - 300 g). The body grows more rapidly, and by the end of the fifth month of intrauterine development the head is no more than l/3 of the total body length. The skin is dark red in color. A subcutaneous fat layer begins to form. The skin is covered with vellus hair. The sebaceous glands begin to secrete a fatty substance, which mixes with the scales of the epidermis and forms a cheese-like lubricant. This lubricant protects the fetus from constant exposure to amniotic fluid, and then facilitates its passage through the birth canal. Meconium forms in the intestines. The lower limbs are noticeably lengthened. The fetus can be born alive and makes breathing movements, but at this stage of pregnancy it is usually not viable.

He is no longer so free in the amniotic sac, and his motor activity increases. In the 3rd week of the fifth month, a woman who is pregnant for the first time begins to feel these movements. Repeatedly pregnant women notice them 10 days earlier. At first, the movements are very weak - women may confuse them with intestinal contractions. Later, the movements of the fetus become more and more intense, and they can no longer be confused with anything. The mother's first registration of fetal movements - important sign, allowing you to calculate the date of the upcoming birth.

Sixth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 30 cm, weight - 800 g. The skin of the fetus becomes wrinkled, apparently due to a discrepancy between the growth rate of the fetus itself and its skin. Eyebrows and eyelashes become noticeable. Skin patterns form on the fingertips. Each of them has their own design - unique and inimitable. During this period, the formation of cells in the cerebral cortex is largely completed. Their loss under the influence of any damaging factors is not compensated. A person lives all his life with the number of cells that have formed the cerebral cortex by that time. Fetal movements become more differentiated. By observing the fetus using ultrasound, German scientists have learned to determine by the position of the hands whether the fetus is in a state of wakefulness or sleep. The organs and systems of the fetus continue to develop, master new functions, but are not yet perfect enough and are not able to support the life of the fetus outside the womb.

Seventh and eighth months. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 35-40 cm, weight - 1200-1700 g. The subcutaneous fat layer increases, and the skin becomes denser and smoother. In the seventh month of pregnancy, the fetus's eyelids open. He can open and close his eyes. By this time, his entire body is covered with delicate vellus hairs. IN recent weeks Weight gain occurs mainly due to subcutaneous fat, which ensures the maintenance of a stable body temperature after childbirth. All the most important systems of the body are sufficiently developed and can, although with great difficulty, special care, support the baby’s life outside the mother’s body.

At around seven and a half months, the fetus can be born and survive. Babies born during the third trimester (from the seventh month until the end of pregnancy) are usually able to survive, although as the due date approaches, both the chance of survival and the ease of transition to independent existence increase significantly. Towards the end of pregnancy, antibodies from the mother cross the placenta to the fetus, creating short-term resistance to diseases to which you are immune. premature babies receive less of this protection than full-term babies, therefore they are more susceptible to infections.

Ninth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 45 cm. Due to the strong deposition of fat in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, the shape of its body becomes more rounded. The fingernails reach to the fingertips. The hair on the head becomes thicker and longer. The fetus born at this time is viable, screams loudly, opens its eyes, and the sucking reflex is expressed.

In the eighth - tenth months the growth rate of the fetus decreases. He is already so big that he feels cramped in the amniotic sac. In this situation, the most advantageous position, providing maximum mobility in the funnel-shaped uterus, is the head down position. Fine developing fetus accepts it. head presentation most favorable during obstetrics. By the end of the ninth month, the fetal body is so perfect that it is finally ready for extrauterine life. Delicate hairs remain only on the forearms. Their severity and distribution throughout the body may indirectly indicate insufficient fetal maturity.

Tenth month. The total length of the fetus, including legs, is 50 cm, weight - 3000 g. By the end of the tenth month of pregnancy (38-40 weeks), signs of prematurity disappear, and the fetus is born mature. A discrepancy between term and fetal maturity is relatively rarely observed. Under unfavorable developmental conditions (maternal illness, insufficient or malnutrition etc.) a full-term baby may have signs of immaturity. Sometimes the opposite phenomenon is observed: the child is born a little premature, but mature.

IN last month there is a faster growth of the lower extremities, and there is a difference in length compared to upper limbs smoothed out. However, it is only after birth that the legs become longer than the arms.

Let us remind you that the correct intrauterine development of a baby largely depends on its mother. During the examination, follow all the recommendations and the doctor’s appointment - and the child will be born healthy.

Pregnancy is a time filled with not only positive emotions, but also worries, worries and anxieties. Women who are carrying their first child are interested in whether the child is developing correctly and whether her sensations are normal.

It is not possible to constantly contact a doctor with questions. Therefore, it is very convenient to have at hand a kind of guide on a woman’s feelings during pregnancy and with a description of the development of the fetus by week.

1 Week

In gynecology, it is customary to distinguish two stages of pregnancy - obstetric and embryonic. The first is used by obstetricians (hence the name), and is based on the date of the last menstrual period. This practice was introduced due to the fact that it is very difficult to accurately determine the day of ovulation and, accordingly, the date of conception.

Adhering to the obstetric method of calculating the gestational age, one can understand that it is impossible to determine pregnancy in the first week.

However, the first week and its course have a great influence on the very fact of pregnancy - whether the embryo can take hold in the uterus. And also for the further development of the fetus. There are no obvious symptoms of pregnancy.

Describing pregnancies by week, gynecologists note that during the first seven days, discharge may be observed, but this does not affect the development of the fetus. The phenomenon does not affect the woman’s feelings.

If the pregnancy is planned and the woman is sure that conception has occurred, from the very first week she must follow these rules:

• quitting smoking and drinking alcohol;
• taking medications must be agreed with a doctor;
• reduction of conflict and stressful situations;
• strengthening the immune system and the number of contacts with sick people.

2 weeks

This is the time that precedes the actual conception. A woman’s body already has a mature egg ready for fertilization. In the second week of obstetric period it is characterized big amount changes. The main one is the maturation of the egg. As before, the woman does not experience any sensations indicating an upcoming pregnancy.

3 week

The period when pregnancy becomes real. If conception has occurred, active development of the fetus begins. The egg is actively migrating in order to gain a foothold in the uterine cavity as quickly as possible. It is in the third week that she begins active division.

The third obstetric week is the first week of the unborn child’s life. There are no pronounced changes in the woman’s body yet. Some may complain of dizziness, pulling pain in the lower abdomen, swelling of the mammary glands.

The fruit is a ball with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm

Important! It is in the third week that the internal organs of the unborn child are formed.

4 week

At the fourth obstetric week, pregnancy is just beginning to take shape. It’s still too early to talk about the development of the fetus week by week and the woman’s feelings - it remains high risk ectopic pregnancy. This happens if the fertilized egg does not have time to reach the uterus, the development of the fetus will begin in the birth canal. Such phenomena are extremely rare.

In the fourth week, signs of pregnancy are observed:

• delayed menstruation;
• during gynecological examination There is a change in the color and structure of the cervix.

Important! The listed signs are not enough to make a clear diagnosis. Ultrasound is not advisable.

The fetus is actively growing, undergoing changes, turning into an embryo. Its width does not exceed 1 mm, length - 0.36 mm. The head of the future baby is actively developing. Three layers appear, from which the brain, thyroid, as well as the pancreas, muscles, and skeleton will later be formed.

Women may experience sensations that can easily be confused with premenstrual syndrome:

• pulling pain in the lower abdomen;
• breast tenderness;
• mood swings.

5 week

Corresponds to the third embryonic week. The body of the expectant mother is actively rebuilt, the fetus continues to grow and change. Bookmarking in progress internal systems and fetal organs.

It is by the fifth week that symptoms appear that indicate pregnancy has occurred (although the test does not yet confirm this):

• nausea, especially felt in the morning;
• enlargement and increased sensitivity of the mammary glands;
• increased reaction to odors;
• drowsiness, high fatigue.

In addition, a woman may experience emotional outbursts and increased sensitivity to surrounding events. At 5 weeks, vaginal discharge may be observed - if it is not profuse and not accompanied by severe pain, there is no reason to worry.

Even though the fruit small size, only 2 mm, it is easy to detect during ultrasound. The fetus develops a respiratory and nervous system and has the rudiment of a brain. Cells continue to actively divide. Blood vessels and the heart are formed.

Was your pregnancy easy?

No, it's very difficult

There was severe toxicosis

Both pregnancy and childbirth were easy

In the fifth week there is a high risk of miscarriage. Therefore, a woman who was planning a pregnancy should refrain from active pastime.

6 week

If you do not rely on obstetric weeks, pregnancy is 4 weeks from the moment of conception. The development of the fetus and the woman's sensations become more intense. For example, the expectant mother’s body actively produces progesterone, a hormone that protects the body from external infections. It also strengthens the walls of the uterus, which allows the fetus to be more intensively supplied with blood. At the same time, it is progesterone that is “responsible” for nausea, being produced in excess.

Women notice breast enlargement and darkening of the nipples. Sensitivity to odors appears. You can hear the heartbeat on an ultrasound.

7 week

By this time, active restructuring of the woman’s body begins, hormonal levels change, and the signs of pregnancy become brighter. Many people experience toxicosis. A common phenomenon during this period is drowsiness, change taste preferences, mood swings. For the full formation of the child’s nervous system, it is important enough folic acid in a woman's body.

A cause for concern is bloody, mucous discharge. This may indicate the development of uterine hypertonicity.

From week 7 the fetus is called an embryo. Outwardly, it is similar to a person; the brain is actively developing. Around the seventh day, the genital tubercle appears - the rudiment of the genital organs. Formed limbs are noticeable, but the fingers are not separated. The mouth and nostrils are visible on the face, and jaws are formed. The size of the embryo is 5-13 mm, weight - 0.8 g.

8 week

Symptoms of the onset of pregnancy become brighter. Hormone levels are rising, as evidenced by permanent shift mood, tearfulness, drowsiness. The uterus increases in size. Urination becomes more frequent. Discharge accompanied by lower back pain and poor health is a reason to visit a doctor.

Starting from week 8, the embryo begins to receive nutrition through the umbilical cord. An ultrasound can determine its size - from 1.5 to 2 cm, legs and arms are clearly visible. The heart is divided into four chambers, bronchial branches form in the lungs, kidneys and genitals appear. The nervous system is actively improving. The embryo is actively moving and gaining weight.

9 week

The uterus continues to expand, however, the natural limit of stretching is not exceeded, so no unpleasant sensations are noted. Due to toxicosis, a pregnant woman's weight may decrease. A small set is also the norm. The mammary glands enlarge and swell.

The fetus is actively developing its brain, which is already divided into two hemispheres. Movements become more coordinated. The fingers lengthen, the membranes between them disappear.

10 week

If you have previously had seizures morning sickness, by 10 weeks they may intensify. Heartburn and colic often appear, localized in the navel area. Frequent urge to urinate is complemented by involuntary discharge of urine when laughing, coughing, sneezing. Pigmentation is noticeable on the skin.

At week 10, the embryo continues to actively develop. The face and lower jaw are formed, the facial muscles and upper lips are beginning to develop. Heart rate is 160-170 beats. Fruit size is 28-33 mm. Weight - 3-4 g.

11 week

Women may experience heartburn and constipation due to increased hormone levels. Vaginal discharge increases, it is normal white shade, sour smell. The mammary glands produce colostrum. Some pregnant women experience increased brittleness of nails and hair.

The size of the fetus is about 6 cm, weight - from 8 to 10 g. The digestive tract is actively developing, a reaction to external stimuli appears

12 week

Pregnant women notice increased heart rate. The uterus increases to 10 cm in width. The load on internal organs increases. Mood swings are noted.

The fetus has formed internal organs, has eyelids, earlobes, and nails. The child can open and close his mouth and clench his fists. The brain is divided into two hemispheres.

13 weeks pregnant

The hormonal background that accompanies pregnancy stabilizes, as do the woman’s sensations. Mood swings disappear. Describing the development of the fetus week by week, its size is noted - 7-8 cm, and weight - 20 g. Milk teeth are formed, the pancreas produces insulin. Muscles and bone tissue are actively being formed. The voice apparatus is laid.

14 week

The abdomen rises slightly and looks rounded in appearance. Weight increases and appetite increases. The fruit is actively growing. He has eyebrows, eyelashes, and his facial expressions are improving. Taste buds develop. The genital organs are entering the final stage of development.

15 week

Some pregnant women begin to complain about an increase in hair loss, dry skin, and brittle nails. For full development The child and the mother's health require sufficient iron and calcium.

The sex of the fetus is determined. The pituitary gland, sebaceous and sweat glands are actively working.

16 week

In some cases, pregnant women feel the baby's first movements. The weight of the fetus reaches 120 g, height - 11 cm. It can turn its head, the heart is actively working. The liver begins to perform a digestive function. The woman's belly begins to protrude.

17 week

The uterus grows upward, which is accompanied by painful sensations in the abdomen, increased heartburn, shortness of breath and urination. Thrush often worsens. Increased heart rate, bleeding gums, and sweating.

The fetus begins to work the immune system, fat appears under the skin. In girls, the uterus is forming. The permanent teeth are being laid. The child is able to hear the voices of his parents and feel his mother’s emotions.

18 week

Fetal movements are felt more and more clearly. The eyes are closed, but the child is already reacting to light. Length - 14 cm, weight - 200 g. The mother's health is normal.

Week 19

A pregnant woman's weight increases and her hips expand. It is difficult to find a comfortable sleeping position. Due to the fact that the uterus is growing, you should only sleep on your side to avoid squeezing the vena cava.

The fetal brain continues to develop. The respiratory system is improved.

Week 20

The expectant mother actively produces colostrum. The skin of the abdomen is greatly stretched. The fruit weighs about 260 g, its length is 16 cm. Almost all organs and systems are formed. Eyes open.

21 weeks

Weight gain can be 4 kg. The fetus actively develops its digestive system, swallowing amniotic fluid, it trains the esophagus and lungs.

22 weeks pregnant

The emotional stability of the expectant mother largely depends on the support of others. The height of the fetus is about 19 cm or more, weight is 350 g.

23 week

The pregnant woman feels normal. From time to time there is pain in the sacral area and in the legs. The child's weight reaches 450 g, height - 20 cm. He can dream, is actively interested in the world around him, reacts to sharp sounds and noise.

24 week

The baby is actively gaining weight, and the tremors are becoming more and more noticeable to the mother. A woman may feel pain in her back and lower back, so it is recommended to wear a bandage. Heartburn gets worse. The organs and systems of the fetus are completing their formation. Sense organs and reflexes are actively developing. Weight reaches 400 g, height - 30 cm.

25 week

The risk of miscarriage is reduced. Weight gains quickly, the increase can be from 6 to 7 kg. The child takes the correct position - head down. Although this may happen later. His weight is 700 g, his height may remain the same. A woman can feel the baby hiccupping.

The baby's lungs are formed, surfactant is actively produced - a substance responsible for the opening of the lungs after childbirth.

26 week

Due to the growth of the abdomen, shortness of breath appears, gait changes, and putting on independent shoes is difficult. Weight gain is 9 kg. Unpleasant sensations in the lumbar region. The height of the fetus has reached 32 cm, and its weight is 900 g. It actively accumulates fat.

27 week

Movement, sleep, staying in sitting position difficult. The uterus, which has risen to the level of the ribs, puts pressure on the lungs and intestines. The consequence of this is constipation, nausea, and loss of appetite. A child's immune system may react to allergens. The movements become even more diverse.

28 week

There are no changes in the pregnant woman’s well-being. The weight of the fetus is more than 1 kg, and its height is 34 cm. The child can blink and distinguish between sour and sweet tastes. Children born this week are viable.

29 week

Many women experience insomnia, back pain, nausea, and heartburn. The child accumulates white fat, gains weight. He has developed vision, hearing, taste, and smell. His weight is 1200 g, height is 35 cm.

30 week

The child clenches his fists during sleep, winces, stretches, and shrugs his shoulders. Hair is actively growing, a rhythm of sleep and wakefulness has been developed. Weight can reach 15 kg, and height - 38 cm. Pregnant women are increasingly aware of the baby's movements. Gait changes, metabolism and sweating increase.

The uterus puts pressure on the heart, causing women to experience shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.

31 weeks

The child's growth accelerates, as does weight gain. Protective sheaths are formed around the nerve fibers of the brain, so the speed of impulse transmission increases. The child may feel pain. The cells of the pancreas enlarge, the organ becomes ready to produce enzymes for the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It actively supplies the body with insulin. The liver is improved.

Due to the continued growth of the uterus, discomfort in the pelvis and chest pregnant women may intensify.

32 week

The child’s weight reached 1900, and his height was 42 cm. By this time external changes the fetus acquires personality traits, directly related to heredity. Fatty tissue accumulates, bones grow and become heavier. Pregnant women may retain fluid, causing veins to swell and fingers and ankles to swell. Uterine contractions become more frequent.

33 week

Taste buds are formed on the child's tongue; he is able to distinguish sweet from sour. The immune, endocrine, and nervous systems are entering the final stage of development. Body parts become proportional. Fat fiber is produced, but it is still not enough to independently maintain the temperature. The walls of the blood vessels thicken, and the formation of alveoli in the lungs ends.

Unpleasant sensations in pregnant women continue to persist. Weight gain ranges from 9.9 to 12.6 kg.

34 week

Braxton-Hicks contractions become regular - preparation for childbirth. The volume of the chest increases, the heaviness in the lower back remains. When premature birth the child will be able to breathe on his own.

35 week

The child’s organs and systems are formed and functioning. It is preparing to descend into the pelvic area. Weight reaches 2.6 kg, height 47 cm. The pregnant woman still has difficulty breathing.

36 week

The child's growth slows down a little. His swallowing and breathing movements are improving. The heart is fully formed. The maturation of the immune, endocrine and nervous systems is completed.

The weight gain of a pregnant woman is 12 kg. The cervix softens and shortens in preparation for childbirth.

37 week

All the child’s systems have matured; the hormone cortisone, which is responsible for the maturation of the lungs, is actively produced. The nerves acquire a protective sheath. The cartilages of the nose and ears harden.

A woman may begin to experience yellowish streaked discharge - this is how a mucus plug comes out.

38 week

The child's weight reaches 3 kg and height 50 cm. His nutrition occurs through the placenta. In boys, the testicles descend into the scrotum. The woman feels the contractions more and more intensely. Her hormonal levels change, pelvic bones move apart.

39 week

The baby is ready to be born. The mother's body is also in a state of readiness. Fetal growth continues. Weight reaches 3-3.5 kg. The villi in the intestines are fully formed. The stomach produces enzymes necessary to break down food. It becomes easier for a woman to breathe.

40 week

The baby occupies the entire space of the uterus. For many women, at this time the mucus plug may come off and contractions may begin.

41 weeks

The baby is ready to be born. Organs and systems have completed their development. The placenta continues to age. There is no change in the mother's well-being.

42 week

Pregnancy is considered post-term. In most cases, this does not affect the child’s well-being. The woman also feels fine.

We invite you not only to find out Interesting Facts, but also to observe for yourself, week after week, how the baby develops. The birth of life and pregnancy week by week with unique photographs taken by Swedish photographer Lennart Nilsson back in 1965. The photographer himself was born in 1922 and became the first who, with the help of special equipment and cameras, was able to penetrate the female body and film the whole process of the birth of a new life.

The first photographs of the embryo appeared in print as early as 1953, and this event inspired the photographer to create new works.

In order to show human development from the very beginning, he placed a micro-camera and a micro-illuminator at the end of the cystoscope tube used to examine bladder, and took his unique photographs right from where people take their first step into the world. We will talk about the most important moments of pregnancy, the formation of a new life.

"IMPORTANT" * The development of pregnancy in this article goes by weeks of embryo development. Those. if you want to receive obstetric week, add 2 weeks to the embryonic period

Here the sperm moves towards the egg.

The sperm in the folds of the mucous membrane of the fallopian tubes moves towards the egg.

Egg..

Will there be a meeting?

Walls of the fallopian tube.

Two spermatozoa come into contact with the shell of the egg. Enzymes contained in the head of the spermatozoa dissolve the shell of the egg, but only the genetic material of one spermatozoon is involved in fertilization.

One of the 200 million paternal spermatozoa, breaking through the shell of the egg, literally pours into it ...

Longitudinal section of a spermatozoon. The genetic material is found in the head of the sperm

Pregnancy by week - 1 week

The beginning of a new life begins with a change in female body, ovulation occurs. This moment is favorable for conception. After all, a woman can become pregnant only 3-4 days a month. Some women feel ovulation, some do not. Signs of ovulation can be an increase in vaginal mucus, an increase in basal temperature, as well as minor pain in the ovary. Also during ovulation, under the influence of hormones, a woman, as a rule, feels a desire for intimacy.

A week later, the fetus, sliding down the fallopian tube, moves into the uterus ...

Embryo attached to the lining of the uterus

Pregnancy by weeks - 2 weeks

The fertilized egg begins to divide. Of the 46 parental chromosomes, the child inherits 23, 2 of them - X and Y - affect the sex of the unborn child. Whether you have a girl or a boy depends on the sperm that fertilized the egg.

During this week, the embryo travels through the fallopian tube and enters the uterine cavity. Toward the end of the week, it attaches to the wall of the uterus, growing into its mucous membrane. Sometimes implantation can cause some bleeding.

Embryo development. Gray- future brain

Pregnancy by weeks - 3 weeks

24 days. The monthly embryo does not yet have a skeleton - there is only a heart, it begins to pulsate on the 18th day

Pregnancy by week - 4 weeks

4 weeks after fertilization

Pregnancy by week - 4 and a half weeks

Around this time, and most likely even later, a woman finds out about her pregnancy, provided that her cycle is about 28 days. There is no menstruation. There are possible signs of pregnancy, such as fatigue, drowsiness, nausea in the morning and in transport, increased salivation.

Pregnancy by week - 5 weeks

A five-week-old embryo, 9 mm long, already has a face with holes for the mouth, nostrils and eyes. The central nervous system begins to develop, the spinal cord and brain are formed. These processes directly depend on the presence of the necessary substances in the mother's body. First of all we are talking about folic acid - the most important element for the first trimester of pregnancy. Doctors recommend taking 400 micrograms of folic acid daily to prevent neural tube defects. By the way, by the end of the fifth week, the baby's heart will begin to beat. Only now, most likely, the young mother will begin to think about the possibility of pregnancy and take a test or see a doctor.

Pregnancy by week - 6 weeks

40 days. The outer cells of the embryo have grown together with the loose surface of the uterus and form the placenta, or baby's place. This spongy piece of flesh serves a person in the first nine months of his life as lungs, and a stomach, and a liver, and a kidney ...

Pregnancy by week - 7 weeks

In contrast to the second trimester, when the waist expands rapidly, in the first, you mainly increase the chest. This happens regardless of toxicity. Blouses and sweaters become tight, the bra is hard to fasten.

The fruit continues to grow and develop. The brain and limbs are being formed. The mass of a tiny body is already a whole gram, and the size is the size of a small grape. The baby begins to master the environment and move, but you still do not feel it.

Pregnancy by week - 8 weeks

The fast growing embryo is well protected in the mother's womb. By using electron microscope Nilsson was able to enlarge the image hundreds of thousands of times.

Pregnancy by week - 9 weeks

From this week, the baby is proudly awarded the title of "fetus". The most common problem of "threatened abortion at an early stage" is long gone. Everything is fine with your baby, the pregnancy is developing as it should, so the uterus does not make any attempts to get rid of the pregnancy.

On ultrasound, of course, they still won’t tell you who you are expecting, a boy or a girl. External sexual characteristics are just beginning to form.

Pregnancy by week - 10 weeks

The eyelids are already half open. Within a few days they will form completely. The baby is becoming more and more like a little man. Now there is one of the most important periods in the development of the baby, the development of the nervous system and almost all organs is underway. The placenta does not yet fully protect the baby from adverse factors, therefore, in these weeks of pregnancy, alcohol intake or another damaging factor can cause significant harm both to the course of pregnancy and to the development of the embryo as a whole.

Pregnancy by week - 11 weeks

Many pregnant women at this time note that their palms and feet have ceased to freeze. This is explained very simply: the amount of blood increases and its circulation improves, and the hormones produced due to pregnancy also affect the thermoregulation of the body. That is why from this moment the pregnant woman increasingly begins to feel stuffiness, weakness, frequent dizziness and changes in blood pressure.

Pregnancy by week - 12 weeks

This week marks the end of the first trimester. There are a lot of exciting things going on with your little one this week. Red blood cells are already present in his blood and white blood cells are starting to be produced - white blood cells that are responsible in the future for protecting the body. Until they can protect the baby from infection. The guarantee of its safety during intrauterine life and the first months after birth is passive immunity - antibodies that come from the mother through the blood, and subsequently through breast milk.

Pregnancy by week - 13 weeks

Well, that's all, the first trimester with all the problems, toxicosis is left behind. Ahead of you is waiting for a real golden time in which you can enjoy your pregnancy. The tummy is already taking on some shape, your pride in it is growing, but at the same time it is not difficult to wear it yet, so you can run around a whole children's store with great enthusiasm and a lot of strength.

The task of the baby in the second trimester is the development of the skeleton and growth. For this he needs a large number of calcium, so you should not forget about taking special complexes for pregnant women. According to research, at this stage of pregnancy, the baby begins to feel sounds with the help of special vibration receptors located on the skin. This means that now he hears and, most likely, distinguishes the sound of your voice and the voice of the future dad. His own vocal cords are just being formed.

At the thirteenth week, the baby's liver begins to produce bile, and the pancreas - insulin, villi are formed in the intestines, which play an important role in the digestion of food.

Pregnancy by week - 14 weeks

The baby has new needs .. He "learns" breathing movements - inhalations and exhalations, preparing for life outside the uterus. These training movements are very important for the development of lung tissue - for that very long-awaited first cry that he will publish as soon as he is born. Urethra, and the bladder is formed, the kidneys begin to work, secreting urine. It mixes with amniotic fluid and is excreted through the placenta.

The whole body of the baby gradually begins to cover the fluff, the so-called lanugo, which performs a protective function and helps regulate the temperature of the child's body. The pattern on the fingertips - prints - already has a unique pattern that will last throughout life.

M and F are increasingly different from each other. In guys, the prostate gland is formed, in girls, the ovaries move to the pelvic region.

Pregnancy by week - 15 weeks

Neonatologists say that around this time the fetus begins to become aware of what is happening around - it feels, hears and understands in its own way what is happening. He can express emotions through facial expressions and gestures. He feels the mother's mood, their sleep and wakefulness are synchronized.

Improves the circulatory system. The first foci of hematopoiesis occur in the walls of the yolk sac. At 2-3 months of intrauterine development, the main organ of hematopoiesis is the liver, from the end of 3 - the bone marrow. From 4 months, the spleen begins to take part in hematopoiesis.

Arteries and veins provide nutrition and supply to all organs and systems: the brain, heart, lungs, stomach and intestines. At the fifteenth week of pregnancy, the baby's heart beats twice as fast as the mother's. It passes through itself up to 23 liters of blood per day. If necessary, you can determine his blood type and Rh factor. This may be important if the mother is Rh- and the father is Rh+.

Pregnancy by week

The child learns to coordinate his actions. He actively moves - rolls, somersaults and kicks. Until all these movements are felt - amniotic fluid softens even the most active movements of the baby.

His face is already quite well formed. At the sixteenth week of pregnancy, the baby's eyes open for the first time.
The skin of the fetus is very thin, translucent. The photographs taken with the help of ultrasound show that the subcutaneous fat layer is still completely absent - the blood vessels are visible through the skin.

More and more tired legs. Due to the increase in body weight and the shift in the center of gravity, the load on them increases. A duck gait appears, which is characteristic of pregnant women. We have to give up high heels and shoes with slippery soles.

The inquisitive toddler is already using his hands to explore his surroundings.

The skeleton mainly consists of a flexible rod and a network of blood vessels visible through thin skin.

Pregnancy by week 17 weeks

During pregnancy, you discover a lot of new things not only in reality, but also in a dream. Crazy, vivid dreams dream of many expectant mothers. According to experts, this is due to the overstrain that your brain experiences. In addition, you get up more often at night and, thanks to this, remember more dreams than is usually possible. In the seventeenth week of pregnancy, dreams are often related to the upcoming birth or baby and can seem so real that they are constantly spinning in the head. Often, mothers complain of nightmares - in such dreams, a reflection of the anxieties that they suppress during wakefulness.

Studies show that babies also experience rapid eye movement in utero, which in adults is indicative of dreams. In this regard, some scientists argue that babies can have dreams associated with their activity during the day. Perhaps the child dreams of stretching his legs, hearing your voice, or playing with the umbilical cord.

Pregnancy by week - 18 weeks

About 14 cm. The fetus can now perceive sounds from the outside world.

Pregnancy by week - 19 weeks

Movement. Magic feeling. In the eighteenth week of pregnancy, you constantly receive confirmation that someone is inside.

The baby becomes big and strong enough so that his movements are noticeable to the expectant mother. First, a vibration is felt, then it seems that butterflies are flying in the stomach, and then it becomes clearly clear that this is making itself felt by the child. Within half an hour 5 month-old fetus can make from 20 to 60 pushes. Their strength varies depending on the time of day, the mood and activity of the mother herself. Emotional outbursts, stuffy rooms, overexcitement, chocolate and sweets - all this makes the baby move more actively.

If you don't feel any movement yet, it's okay. Continue to listen to yourself and soon you will experience the joy of the “first stirring”.

Pregnancy by week 20 weeks

Mid pregnancy. Equator.

You have already adapted to many delights interesting position and increasingly think about future births. Haven't chosen courses for future parents yet? It's time to think about it. Attending classes and trainings in such schools - good prevention complications during childbirth and psychological problems after them. You will receive information about the physiology of pregnancy and delivery, about the features of caring for newborns. You will be able to discuss with specialists and other pregnant women issues that concern you in connection with the bearing of a child, relationships with relatives or the upbringing of a future heir or heiress.

Are you interested in movement and fetal psychology this week? At the school you will find like-minded people and specialists who are ready to advise you on these issues.
If possible, try to attend classes with the future dad.

Your baby is already about 20 cm long. Hair is already starting to appear on the head.

Pregnancy by week - 24 weeks

If at this time you put your ear to your stomach, you can hear the baby's heartbeat. His rhythm is much more frequent than that of an adult - 120 - 160 beats per minute. After birth, his blood will circulate in a large and small circle. In the meantime, at this time, placental circulation plays a decisive role.

Blood enriched in the placenta with oxygen and nutrients, enters the body through the umbilical vein. The umbilical vein approaches the liver through the umbilical ring, then to the inferior vena cava. In it, arterial blood is mixed with venous blood, which comes from the lower body and the entrails of the fetus. Almost all of this blood enters through the foramen ovale (the flow of blood from the right atrium to the left ceases immediately after birth) in the wall of the right atrium into the left atrium. From the left ventricle, blood is ejected into the systemic circulation. The upper part of the fetal body is supplied with arterial blood better than the lower half of the body. This explains the relatively small size of the pelvis and lower extremities of the newborn. Very little blood enters the lungs.

Pregnancy by week - 26 weeks

At the twenty-sixth week, the baby diligently explores the space around him. For the time being, he has a place for active movements. He pushes, feels the umbilical cord and the walls of the uterus surrounding it. According to the Pearson test, which is recommended from the 28th week, the child normally makes about 10 tremors per hour.

One of his favorite activities at this stage of pregnancy is sucking. thumb hands. This strengthens the muscles of the cheeks and jaws and soothes it. The sucking reflex is one of the first unconditioned reflexes, so-called oral segmental automatisms. It is formed from the first trimester of pregnancy and persists during the first years of life. Thumb preference right hand, or, conversely, the left may be a sign of dominance of one or another hemisphere of the brain. You can already guess who the baby will be - right-handed or left-handed.

Behind past month the uterus increased in size 4 times. Now she rests in the hypochondrium, bursting the lower ribs.

Weekly pregnancy - 28 weeks

Lanugo (thin hair that covers the entire surface of the body, with the exception of the lips, palms and soles) gradually disappears, but a few "islands" may remain after childbirth - on the back, on the shoulders and even on the forehead. They will disappear in the first weeks of extrauterine life.

Hair on the head becomes thicker. Some children already at birth can boast of thick long curls, while others have a head that is almost bald. Both are variants of the norm. The apparent absence of hair does not mean that there is none at all.

This week the eyelids open and close. Eyelashes appeared. Toenails grow. During this period of pregnancy, the mass of the brain is constantly growing, the number and depth of the convolutions are increasing. However, the functions of the cerebral cortex develop after birth. IN intrauterine period essential functions the vital functions of the fetus are regulated by the spinal cord and other parts of the central nervous system.

There are still eight or ten carefree weeks ahead, but the little man is already cramped in the uterus, and he is preparing to leave it. Turns upside down - so it is more convenient to get out ..

Pregnancy by week - 36 weeks

This week, the body of the expectant mother can begin active preparation for the birth of the baby. Harbingers appear - changes in the body that occur shortly before the birth itself.

• Nesting instinct - an internal need to prepare space for the imminent appearance of a child;
• Reducing the height of the standing of the bottom of the uterus - or "omission" of the abdomen;
• Passage of the mucous plug - the release of colorless or pinkish mucus from the cervix;
• Increased urination and defecation. The descending uterus puts more pressure on the bladder and intestines. Prostaglandins released during early contractions may periodically signal a bowel movement;
• Reducing the number of movements. The child, as it were, calms down and gains strength before the upcoming birth;
• Marriage of Braxton Higgs. Irregular, training contractions;
• A slight decrease in body weight;
• Softening and shortening of the cervix. It is possible to open the external pharynx by 1-2 cm;

Your baby is approximately 47 cm long this week and weighs approximately 2600 grams.

After 4 weeks, the baby will see a white light. At this time, the fetus is almost full-term.