What are the first symptoms of pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy: how to determine an interesting position by early symptoms

Feeling a slight malaise, a woman is sometimes in doubt: are these symptoms the first signs of pregnancy?

To be sure, you need to know exactly how pregnancy develops, what clinical picture is typical for the early stages, and how you can verify the presence of pregnancy using modern methods.

The mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube. Under appropriate conditions, it is fertilized by the most active sperm.

In this case, fertilization may be slightly "dragged" in time. Sometimes this takes several days, since spermatozoa move at a speed of about 2 cm / hour.

From the moment of fertilization, the zygote begins to divide. From each of its cells, 2 new ones are born.

The division process is extremely fast. Already by the 8th week of pregnancy, the basic life support systems are laid in the embryo.

However, the zygote is not only divided. She needs to find a place where she can attach herself to the wall and continue to grow without lacking nutrients. Therefore, the fertilized egg continues its journey through the fallopian tube, slowly approaching the uterus.

This journey takes 1-2 weeks. Only after the implantation of the embryo can we talk about the onset of pregnancy.

The first likely signs of pregnancy

While the egg travels through the fallopian tube, the woman's body is carefully preparing for pregnancy.

As a result, the hormonal background changes, which has a significant impact on chemical reactions and blood composition.

At this moment, the woman begins to feel the first signs that make it possible to judge the onset of pregnancy. They can be described as hypothetical, since this period pregnancy has not yet been confirmed.

• Pain in the pelvic area.

In the very early stages of pregnancy, the stomach most often hurts at the time of implantation of the fetal egg.

At this time, there may be a slight tingling on the side where the egg is attached.

• Unusual vaginal discharge.

This is another early sign of pregnancy.

Their color may change somewhat. Often the discharge becomes whitish and more abundant. This happens as a result of a large production of progesterone.

If the discharge resembles a curdled mass, smells unpleasant and causes itching, it is necessary to be examined for. can sometimes provoke a miscarriage. - a sign of sexual infection.

Discomfort is due to swelling of the mammary glands. The areola of the nipple becomes especially sensitive.

Often, women complain that the pain is caused by a simple touch on the nipple. It is considered a very dubious sign.

Even in the same woman with her first child, severe chest pains can be a symptom of pregnancy, and a sign of a second pregnancy in the early stages may be, on the contrary, a complete absence of pain.

• Change in taste.

This sign of pregnancy appears after a missed period.

Previously favorite foods cause disgust and bouts of nausea. Sometimes a woman genuinely wonders why the sight of fried chicken leads to vomiting, and the smell laundry soap seems like heavenly scent.

Similar signs are evidence of hormonal changes and. The adaptation of the organism proceeds according to an individual scheme. In one woman, the urge to vomit may be absent, in another, the smell and type of food leads to indomitable vomiting.

To reduce unpleasant symptoms, it is often enough to address their cause by getting rid of foods that provoke attacks of nausea, as well as devoting enough time to walking and sleeping.

Severe toxicosis with repeated vomiting may be a sign multiple pregnancy.

• Feeling completely broken.

Many women experience early pregnancy constant desire cry or throw a tantrum. This condition is characteristic of almost every woman in an "interesting" position. Apathy, depression and fatigue will pass as soon as the adaptation of the body to new conditions is completed.

• Changes in the functioning of the digestive system.

Many women will feel what a change in the intestinal microflora means. Diarrhea and constipation, bloating, increased flatulence are possible.

• Frequent urination.

The growth of the zygote significantly affects the organs located near the uterus, in particular, on bladder. Therefore, frequent urination is observed already from the 5th week, when the uterus begins to intensively increase in size, and continues until the 12th-13th week.

In addition, the bladder now responds to a smaller volume of fluid due to the rush of blood to the pelvis.

• Easy .

Often the malaise is accompanied by nasal congestion and chills, common for SARS.

If within a few days the condition does not worsen and the cold does not manifest itself in its full glory, one can suspect that the change is to blame. hormonal background characteristic of pregnancy.

• Decreased tone of blood vessels.

In this case, a woman complains of weakness, dizziness and headaches.

Hypotension also negatively affects the fetus, since it does not receive required amount oxygen and nutrients.

If hypotension can be caused by pregnancy, hypertension is a disease caused by other causes. In any case, examination and appropriate treatment under the supervision of a gynecologist is necessary.

The list of listed symptoms can be supplemented outward signs pregnancy. Already in the first week after conception, the condition of the skin may change.

The T-zone of the face and areola of the nipple often darkens due to increased pigmentation. By the end of the first trimester, a dark line on the skin will become noticeable, stretching from the bottom of the uterus to the pubis.

Can work back to normal sebaceous glands and almost completely disappear acne. Unusual signs of pregnancy include: increased sweating, brittle hair and nails.

Often the condition of the teeth worsens. All these signs appear as a result of the development of the fetus. The child takes from the mother's body the substances necessary for its own development.

Improve appearance possible by resorting to rational nutrition With big amount fruits and vegetables.

It is better to consult a gynecologist who will advise which ones to take.

Personal experience

My first pregnancy came when I was 19 years old. That's not counting the two attempts when miscarriages occurred. How happy I was when I saw the cherished 2 strips on the test.

Given the fact that I was once diagnosed with infertility (and no doctor can put it 100%), I did not fanatically try to get pregnant. Probably, therefore, she did not betray special importance to the primary signs. As it turned out later, only at the 6th week of pregnancy I felt that the body began to change.

Every second girl before menstruation may have a rash on her face and pain in the mammary glands. After the end of the cycle, the pain goes away. For me, it remained just as strong, sometimes it was impossible to sleep on my stomach. Mom immediately noticed an increase in her breasts by one size. To say that I got better - no. I then dropped about 10 kg due to stress, treatment, etc.

My husband began to often reproach me for feeling unwell - I slept a lot, my appetite disappeared, I became very capricious. The last factor is not manifested in all girls. At the same time, sexual intercourse even at such an early date brought a lot of inconvenience. This worried me.

But due to my convictions, I thought that this was just fatigue due to work, lack of sleep and problems at work. Couldn't relax. and, of course, the delay. Although, according to my calculations, I got pregnant just on last days menstruation, a miracle.

I didn’t betray much importance, because for me it was normal - hormonal disruptions, and other problems. If it were not for my mother, who believed in the power of the spirit, I would not have taken the test and found my baby at 6 weeks.

The second pregnancy was different. I was 20 years old, still young, inexperienced. Since I was breastfeeding my first child, the pregnancy came during lactation. There was no less milk, but already at 2-3 weeks I felt pain in my stomach.

This fact was used to create special strips showing the excess concentration of chorionic gonadotropin.

Too bright second line on the test may be a sign of twin pregnancy

With kidney disease or excessive fluid intake, the test may show an incorrect result. Therefore, it is recommended to repeat the procedure after 2-3 days.

A home test cannot replace medical diagnostics. Human chorionic gonadotropin contains alpha and beta hCG.

The presence of pregnancy can be judged by an increase in the concentration of beta-hCG. Therefore, already 8-12 days after the date of the intended conception, a blood test for hCG will dispel your doubts.

Every 2 days there is a twofold increase in the concentration of the hormone. Similar dynamics is observed up to 7-10 weeks. Then, the indicator begins to slowly decrease.

In parallel with the blood test, it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound examination.

While conventional ultrasound is able to detect pregnancy 15-20 days after the delay, transvaginal ultrasound, a method of inserting a special probe through the vagina, gives a result 10-14 days after the delay.

At 8-10 weeks of pregnancy, an ultrasound of the abdomen can show fertilized egg. However, the definition of pregnancy is not always 100% reliable with the help of ultrasound. The reason for this may be outdated equipment or low qualification of personnel.

Sometimes pregnancy is confused with fibroids. The old equipment is simply not capable of treating early pregnancy. Even doctors warn that it is worth conducting a study no earlier than the 10th day after the delay in order to reduce the likelihood of error.

What are the early signs of a multiple pregnancy?

You can recognize it already on the basis of the first signs.

So, many women complain of excessive fatigue and drowsiness.

This state lasts much longer than normal pregnancy. The body is under heavy stress, carrying twins.

To nourish the embryos, 2 times more oxygen and other substances are needed that are taken from a woman.

It is possible that toxicosis will manifest itself much earlier and more strongly. However, this symptom develops individually and healthy woman with multiple pregnancies may not feel unwell.

Since 2 or more embryos develop, the production of hCG is especially intense. Therefore, a pregnancy test can give a bright result in the form of a bold and distinct strip.

Multiple pregnancy is determined quite accurately by the AFP test.

Alphafetoprotein is an embryonic protein that is produced by the gastrointestinal tract and liver of the fetus after the 5th week of pregnancy.

There is protein in the blood of a woman, its rate increases proportionally with the growth of the fetus. Exceeding the permissible concentration usually indicates fetal abnormalities, but may also be a sign of multiple pregnancy.

Two developing embryo provide rapid weight gain. An increase in the entire pregnancy of about 12 kilograms is considered normal. A woman pregnant with twins gains 16-21 kilograms

If ultrasound is considered enough exact method when a normal pregnancy is detected, the device is not able to “view” twins in the early stages. Therefore, twins can be guaranteed with confidence only at 5-6 weeks, when you can catch the heartbeat of the embryos.

In order for the pregnancy to proceed without risks and successfully end with the birth of a healthy baby, after the first signs appear, it is necessary to register in a gynecological consultation.

For many women early diagnosis pregnancy has crucial. But it is not so easy to establish pregnancy in the first 1-2 weeks, many of its signs are not specific and are present in other conditions or diseases.

The subjective feelings of a woman are often deceptive and vague, so the final conclusion about pregnancy or its absence is made on the basis of an examination by a doctor and after medical research.

Pregnancy does not begin immediately after the union of the egg with the sperm. First, the egg must travel through fallopian tubes and get into the uterus.

There, her task is to successfully attach to the wall to continue growth and the formation of the placenta. But this may not happen for various reasons - the cell may die during the movement or the endometrium in the uterus will not be ready to accept the fetal egg.

On average, the period of cell advancement from the ovary to the uterus ranges from 1 week to 10 days. This means that it is not necessary to expect signs of pregnancy during the very first week after the alleged fertilization. Such signs simply can not be.

The earliest symptoms of pregnancy can be divided into those that usually occur even before the delay of menstruation, and those that appear after the delay.

• Basal temperature readings.

For her correct measurement some skills are required, otherwise the results will be incorrect and this will lead to erroneous conclusions about the presence or absence of pregnancy.

In addition, an increase in basal temperature after ovulation can only indicate nervous overexcitation or a cold.

If the measurements are carried out correctly, then the conserved fever in the postovulation period can confidently indicate the onset of pregnancy.

• Pain in the lower abdomen.

They are caused by the fact that the fetal egg, once in the uterus, tries to attach to its wall. This process is accompanied by unpleasant sensations. During this period, there may be some bleeding.

But pain sensations of varying intensity occur in pregnant women, and with possible miscarriage, and before the start of the cycle.

Too much strong pain, especially with an increase in overall body temperature, maybe. This is a life threatening condition.

If in any doubt, you should visit a doctor.

• Unusual sensations in the mammary glands.

The feeling of engorgement or soreness at the beginning of the cycle is often found in women of childbearing age and speaks of the usual cyclic processes occurring in the glands, and not of a conception that has occurred.

Often during pregnancy, there are signs such as darkened halos and blue veins appearing through the skin of the breast. The sensitivity of the nipples increases.

Some women note severe soreness of the glands, which does not even allow them to be touched. After about a month, this pain goes away.

• Changeability of mood.

This is how the increased content of estrogen in the body can manifest itself. This hormone affects mental condition, increases irritability and nervousness.

A woman is not able to fully control herself, even if she understands that her behavior does not correspond to the situation.

• Constipation or diarrhea.

The increased content of hormones in the body relaxes the intestines, preparing a place for the future fetus. The intestines begin to work worse.

More often this is expressed in the weakening of motor skills, which leads to constipation and bloating.

• Enhanced sense of smell.

Under the influence of hormones, many odors become unpleasant, causing nausea. This is especially true for the smell of food. Most women face this problem from the very first days of pregnancy.

In addition, the nasal mucosa becomes looser and swollen, it feels like nasal congestion.

• Change in taste habits.

The hormonal restructuring that has begun leads to the fact that ordinary food may seem bland and tasteless. From here came the common expression that pregnant women are drawn to salt.

• Absence of another menstruation.

It is on the delay in the onset of menstruation that attention is paid in the first place.

But you need to keep in mind that a few days of delay cannot yet reliably indicate the onset of pregnancy, since the cycle can go astray for various reasons - nervous experiences, illness, etc.

• Allocations.

In some cases, a change in the nature and amount of secretions may be sure sign onset pregnancy. It's about about the usual discharge (cervical mucus), characteristic of ovulation, and not about spotting.

During the period of ovulation, the mucus becomes thicker than usual, and then again acquires a more liquid structure. If pregnancy has occurred, the discharge remains thick and after the ovulation period, it can become quite plentiful.

You can try to figure out the nature of the discharge yourself. To do this, you need to easily compress a small amount of slime big and index fingers and then spread them apart. If the mucus stretches, pregnancy is possible.

• Positive pregnancy test.

If both stripes are clearly visible, then errors are practically excluded. All other signs are not so reliable and important.

You need to know that the test will be positive even with an ectopic or missed pregnancy, as well as the first time after a miscarriage.

• Medical examination.

With a vaginal examination, you can confidently establish the presence of pregnancy for a period of 5 weeks. The results of the inspection are also among the most reliable data.

Before this date, conclusions may be inaccurate.

Ultrasonography.

This method allows you to see the implanted egg almost immediately after implantation. Such a study is usually used in cases where there is a suspicion of a frozen or ectopic pregnancy.

As a rule, ultrasound is not used to confirm signs of pregnancy in the early stages.

These symptoms and conditions can be either signs of an onset pregnancy, or they can mean absolutely nothing or become symptoms of a disease.

Before drawing conclusions about something, it is necessary to take into account other signs that always accompany the onset of pregnancy.

Possible signs of pregnancy include:

• delayed menstruation;
• dizziness and weakness;
• fatigue and drowsiness;
• nausea;
• changeable mood;
• frequent urination;
• constipation or diarrhea;
• increased sensitivity of the breast and a change in its size;
• change in the nature of the discharge.

Reliable signs of pregnancy in the early stages

After the successful implantation of the egg in the endometrium of the uterus, the body begins to produce a hormone called chorionic gonadotropin(hcg).

It is designed to keep and keep active corpus luteum which produces progesterone, which is necessary to maintain pregnancy.

In addition, there is a theory that at an early stage, hCG protects the embryo from being destroyed by the immune cells of the mother's body. The mother's immune system can perceive the nascent organism as a foreign formation. The normal content of gonadotropin does not allow this.

Therefore, the most main feature early pregnancy - the presence of chorionic gonadotropin.

Its presence in the body can be determined by a blood test or a pregnancy test, which can be freely purchased at a pharmacy.

In order for the test to show the correct result, it must be carried out correctly. Testing is done in the morning, when the concentration of hCG is maximum. For test strip only freshly collected urine is used.

Inkjet test more convenient to use, since urine does not need to be collected.

This type of test is more sensitive and is able to detect pregnancy a few days before the expected start of the cycle, while a regular test strip gives a result only after a delay.

When too early any test can show a negative result.

All female organisms are so different that the signs of pregnancy can always manifest themselves in different ways, from the almost complete absence unpleasant symptoms until they are complete.

Hello dear readers of the magazine site.

Today, many underestimate the importance of early detection of pregnancy and it's not just curiosity. With the current state of the environment, junk food, stresses, a child in the womb can be exposed to dangers from the first days of life. Benefit development modern medicine allow you to find and solve problems in a timely manner.

The anticipation of a new life is always exciting. But how do you know if a miracle happened? This may indicate signs of pregnancy in the early stages. Even before the onset of the delay, a woman will be able to understand whether she is pregnant. What should you pay attention to? How do the first symptoms appear? How to smooth discomfort in the early stages of pregnancy?

The long-awaited child, as a gift to the family. Many parents, anticipating the appearance of life, already plan ahead for the whole life of the child. Therefore, the expectant mother reads a lot of literature, especially which tells what early signs of pregnancy before a delay can help determine such a pleasant event.

How to recognize if pregnant or not

For every woman, the entire period of bearing a child is a test. This pleases many, because very soon the most precious treasure in life will be born. But there are mothers who, for many reasons, do not want to have a child now or at all.

Whatever motives a woman is guided by, the desire to understand as soon as possible whether conception has occurred or not, becomes irresistible. A clear sign, a delay in menstruation may not be soon. Therefore, there is a whole list of symptoms accompanying a pregnant woman from the first days of conception.

Just do not immediately rejoice, because many of them can be signs of the development of the disease. Therefore, when the initial symptoms appear, the most the right way to find out if a girl is pregnant is to take a well-known test for the presence of the hCG hormone.

The female body is fraught with many secrets, and it is impossible to determine for sure how you will react to pregnancy. The advice is to listen to yourself.

A standard pregnancy test can show an accurate positive result only on the 21st day of ovulation. So to the questions of many: Why did the test not reveal pregnancy, and was it subsequently confirmed? The answer will be, the reason is hormonal changes. In the early stages, they appear more externally. Therefore, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the most common.

Intuitive signs and sensations

Significant signs of successful ovulation can be:

• Pain in the lumbar region;
• Tingling in ovaries;
• Intestinal flatulence or bloating;
• Discharge similar to the symptoms of thrush.

It is impossible to know for sure whether fertilization was successful, especially in the first days. All sensations and initial symptoms may simply indicate a hormonal imbalance. Even a gynecologist will not be able to say for sure if you have become pregnant if only 3-5 days have passed.

A week after ovulation, external indicators of interesting position. A gynecological examination can be taken 10 days after ovulation. If the conception was successful, the gynecologist will determine this by the cervix, which gradually becomes loose.

Headaches or toxicosis can appear much later, a lot depends on the body of the expectant mother. It is worth paying attention to the following:

• Feeling unwell, like colds. But there are no characteristic manifestations such as constant sneezing, runny nose, sore throat. But weakness and rapid fatigue are clearly expressed.
• Emotional swings. Hormonal changes also affect nervous system, so you can laugh, and after a couple of seconds start crying. Or start getting angry in a situation where you could just ignore it.
• Increased drowsiness or insomnia. A woman feels chronic lack of sleep, even if she slept 13-14 hours. Everything from the fact that even in a dream there is a restructuring of the body under new conditions, so a lot of energy is expended. And also a pregnant woman can be tormented by insomnia, she wakes up early in the morning and that's it, sleep is not in one eye.
• headaches also feature pregnancy. A woman is haunted by migraines throughout the day, and the pain subsides only at night.
• Change in libido. Increased attraction to a partner, or vice versa, its complete absence, is also a sign of hormonal failure. Therefore, during pregnancy, men should be patient. This symptom appears 2-3 weeks after fertilization.
• Heaviness in the pelvic region. Due to the influx of additional blood to the uterus, the woman does not leave the feeling of fullness in the abdomen and a pulling feeling.
• Lumbar pain is also a constant companion of all pregnant women. And with the development of the child, they can become stronger.
• The sensitivity of the breast increases. It feels like the chest is pouring, and the nipples become very sensitive to touch. How strong the pain can be depends on the individual physiology of the woman.
• Temperature fluctuations, you can be thrown into the heat, then into the cold.
• Toxicosis. Nausea is also one of the symptoms of pregnancy, hormonal disbalance lets you know about yourself and the stomach. Even with an incredible desire to eat, you begin to feel sick immediately after or during a meal.
• Increase in appetite. A lot of energy is needed for the development of the fetus, so there is a desire to eat for two or draws on certain types of foods due to the lack of some element.
• The sense of smell is sharpened. Any sharp or even almost imperceptible smell can provoke nausea in a pregnant woman.
• Drawing pains in the lower abdomen make the pregnant woman look for a comfortable sitting position so as not to feel discomfort.

It is not possible to say with accuracy that the manifestation of the above signs indicate pregnancy. After all, many of the symptoms can be harbingers of the expected menstruation or illness. Therefore, it is possible to find out for sure whether a girl is pregnant only by going through hCG test and in consultation with a gynecologist.

The first external changes in the body of a pregnant woman

There are times when no pain or other signs of pregnancy appear. This is especially true for subsequent pregnancies, the second, third, etc. The body has already experienced similar changes, so there is no rejection of the fetus, and the immune system not activated as in the first pregnancy. It is not for nothing that doctors are categorically against abortion during the first pregnancy, because there may be complications later due to the incomplete process.

The female body will perceive the subsequent hormonal changes of the pregnant woman as an infection, and reject it, provoking a miscarriage. So plan for the appearance of the child so that he does not pay for your mistakes.

Attention: The most desirable child is the planned one, when both parents want him to appear. A child needs the love of both mom and dad.

A pregnant woman changes not only from the inside, but also externally:

• They begin to swell little by little: face, arms, legs. The internal organs work in an enhanced mode, and hormonal changes also disrupt their usual rhythm of work, so it will be difficult to put on shoes on your feet in the evening due to swelling.
• The skin of the face acquires a pronounced blush, because blood circulation increases.
• Acne. Failure of the usual rhythm of work of all body systems provokes the appearance of acne on the skin, even in those women who have never suffered from this.
• Venous patterns begin to appear on the chest, because it is preparing to produce milk for the future feeding of the child.
• Violation of the digestive tract. Bloating and flatulence in the intestines can, wilt on initial stage conception. Many women even suffer from constipation due to poor system performance, so you should carefully monitor what you eat.

Proven early pregnancy symptoms

Clear indicators of a positive ovulation result are:

• Changes in basal temperature. Already in the first days of conception, the temperature rises significantly, becoming above 37 degrees. For those not in the know, basal body temperature is measured in the rectum.
• Sudden pressure drops are a clear sign of pregnancy. Especially in poorly ventilated rooms, buses, etc., the pressure can drop to 90/60 Hg, so the woman often loses consciousness.
• Bloody discharge is one of the signs that a fertilized egg has attached itself to the walls of the uterus. This symptom appears 8-12 days after ovulation.
• Frequent urination. Which can be mistaken for a symptom of cystitis. Due to the pressure on the pelvic part, a woman often wants to go to the toilet and even after going, there is a feeling that she is not completely.
• Leg pain and cramps. This symptom is especially pronounced at night. There is a strong load on the spine, in addition, the pelvic bones are gradually rebuilt, which causes the legs to suffer. If the pain is very severe, you should consult your doctor.

Any of the early pregnancy factors requires medical confirmation. After all, the female body during pregnancy is especially vulnerable to infections and viruses. At the same time, the treatment of any, even a mild illness, is extremely problematic.

Don't put off going to the doctor

Now, thanks to the latest equipment, many of the most important tests are done in the early stages of pregnancy. Therefore, it is not worth delaying a trip to the gynecologist. If pregnancy is suspected or some symptoms appear, and the test does not show a positive result. You can go through an examination and take tests at the clinic. They will tell you exactly if your assumptions are correct.

It is necessary to undergo an ultrasound examination to make sure that the pregnancy is normal. After all, there is always a danger that the pregnancy is ectopic, while its course and symptoms are the same as during the normal period. The study is carried out precisely in the early stages, when the delay is 2-3 weeks. The fetus develops quite quickly, so an ectopic pregnancy is extremely dangerous for a woman's life.

The gynecologist at the appointment will already indicate exact date pregnancy. And having studied all the results of the tests, he will prescribe courses of taking vitamins to strengthen the body. Pregnancy planning helps to eliminate possible complications both during childbearing and after birth.

The ideal planning period should begin a year before conception. Future mothers and fathers must be examined to rule out the possibility of developing diseases that can be transmitted to the child.

The sooner you register with a gynecologist, the better. Doctors recommend applying already in the first month of pregnancy. As soon as you find a delay in menstruation, you should be examined, so the likelihood of pathologies that can manifest themselves with the same symptoms as during pregnancy will be excluded.

Waiting for a new life is always a thrilling feeling. During this period, a woman experiences the most serious changes not only physically, but also emotionally. The amount of workload and stress experienced by a future woman in labor is especially painful if there is no proper support nearby. Both parents should be responsible for the child.

A friend told me that after 2 days from conception she felt that she was pregnant and this confidence grew in her every day.

But with my three pregnancies, I guessed about each of them only after the delay.

However, if conception has taken place in the body, then restructuring begins and you can notice the earliest signs of pregnancy and then, only confirm the guess with a pregnancy test or donating blood to the level of hCG.

When to expect the first symptoms of pregnancy?

If you belong to sensitive type women, then a week after conception you can notice the early symptoms of your position.

Interesting! It happens that a woman knows the date of conception up to the day, although she did not consciously plan the pregnancy, it just feels like you are not alone.

Conventionally, all signs of pregnancy can be divided into 2 large groups:

1. Signs of pregnancy before missed period
2. Symptoms after missed period.

Let's deal with those and others so that you do not worry in vain and can determine the pregnancy that has taken place.

Signs of pregnancy before delay

Subjective sensations

Pregnancy is possible only after ovulation. This happens in every woman in different ways, but on average 12-14 days after the start of the last menstruation.

But sometimes ovulation can occur earlier or later than this due to hormonal changes in the body or stress.

Usually ovulation manifests itself in one way or another at the level of the body. If you carefully observe your feelings, you can notice:

• pulling pain in the side or lower back,
• an increase in the number of allocations,
• increased sexual desire.

Even if intimacy with her husband was on the day of ovulation, it is still too early to look for pregnancy symptoms in the first week after it. Is nausea or headache during this period, most likely, are not associated with the onset of pregnancy.

9-10 days after ovulation, subjective sensations may already appear that can indicate pregnancy:

• Loss of strength and fatigue.

This is due to natural decline immunity so that the embryo can grow and develop. After all, whatever one may say, but it is a foreign object for your body, but in this way nature has provided for its consolidation and growth inside the mother.

• Deterioration of general well-being.

Absolutely all expectant mothers encounter such a problem. The cause of increased fatigue is progesterone, the level of which in given period increases sharply. As a result, you may constantly want to sleep.

This sign usually accompanies pregnant women until the beginning of the second trimester. However, by the beginning of the third, increased fatigue may return again. IN this case the cause will be an increase in body weight and a growing belly, which often prevents expectant mothers from fully resting at night.

• Change of mood.

One of the first early signs of pregnancy before a delay is mood swings, from tearfulness to excessive joy. Emotions follow each other with terrible speed and abruptly move from negative to positive. Mood swings will continue throughout pregnancy. This is normal, but close ones have a hard time.

• Appetite changes.

You may be disgusted by food, or, conversely, suffer from brutal hunger and eat non-stop.

• Taste changes.

Already in the first weeks after the conception has occurred, you can notice that you are sick of some products, and drawn to the second. You can start eating non-standard combinations products: herring with oranges - this is what is very characteristic of the capricious state of pregnancy.

• Change in libido. Usually more and more you want intimacy.
• Feeling of heaviness in the pelvic region. This is due to increased blood circulation in the pelvis.
• Drawing pains in the lower abdomen.

• Dizziness and fainting.

Most often occur from pressure drops or poor nutrition. During pregnancy, nutrition becomes more important than ever. Your well-being and the health of the unborn baby will depend on nutrition.

• Increasing the sensitivity of the breast. Some women note that they cannot even touch the mammary glands.
• Chills or feeling hot which are constantly changing. In this case, the body temperature does not change;
• Toxicosis.
  

Usually expectant mothers are very afraid of possible early attacks of nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting. In most cases, pregnant women begin to "disturb" by about 4-5 weeks of conception. But sometimes these dates are shifted and early toxicosis comes in the first month. In addition to nausea, headaches, pressure surges, apathy, weakness, unwillingness to take any food can be added.

• Heartburn.

This symptom refers to those that may occur at the very beginning of pregnancy and accompany future mother until the birth itself. In the early stages, this is due to a sharp change in hormonal levels.

• Sensitivity to odors. At this time, you may feel disgust for your favorite perfume, and for example, the smell of gasoline or paint will seem quite attractive to you.

Having noticed at least some of the listed signs in yourself, you should not immediately run to the pharmacy for a test, since even the most expensive and sensitive of them are not able to determine pregnancy earlier than 3 weeks have passed since the start menstrual cycle.

External changes

If nausea, headache or changes in appetite are purely individual, then almost all pregnant women pay attention to changes in their appearance immediately after conception. In this case, it is possible:

1. Swelling of the hands, feet or face.
2. The appearance of acne. This change in appearance is associated with the restructuring of the hormonal background of the expectant mother. Acne can occur even in those who have never encountered it before.
3. Redness of the face, which is associated with increased blood circulation in the body.
4. Breast augmentation.

The first signs of pregnancy in the early stages include an increase (swelling) of the breast and a change in the shade of the nipples to a darker one.

Sometimes, even before the date of menstruation, a woman may notice that her bra has become too small for her. At the same time, even a slight touch on the chest can cause discomfort and even soreness.

1. Implantation bleeding.

Physiological changes

• Elevated basal temperature. If you have been planning a pregnancy for a long time, you are probably familiar with the method of measuring basal temperature. Measuring it throughout the cycle, you can see that in the middle it rises to a value of 37 degrees, and then decreases after some time. If this decrease is not observed, then fertilization has probably occurred.

Signs of pregnancy after a delay

Lack of menstruation - this symptom is the most reliable sign of pregnancy. Therefore, as soon as menstruation does not begin on a certain day, you immediately begin to suspect your new condition.

Although there whole line reasons that can cause a delay: change of weather or climatic conditions, stress or overexertion.

All these factors can "push back" the period for a period of 1 to 5 days. If the delay lasts longer, and there are no obvious signs of infection, most likely you can be congratulated on a successful conception.

What other changes in your physiological state should prompt the thought of a possible pregnancy?

External changes

1. Constipation. These may be the first signs of pregnancy after a delay. Intestinal peristalsis slows down due to the hormone progesterone, which relaxes all smooth muscles. This is necessary so that the uterus does not contract and does not reject the entrenched embryo. To manage constipation, include more vegetables in your diet and drink more water (read the article: Constipation during pregnancy >>>).
2. Bloating. Unfortunately, such symptoms can disturb mommy throughout pregnancy. Read more about bloating during pregnancy >>>
3. Tingling in the lower abdomen is an early sign that can indicate 2 conditions:

• early start of critical days;
• pregnancy and uterine growth.

Physiological changes

1. Exacerbation of hemorrhoids, which is associated with increased blood circulation in the pelvic region;
2. decline blood pressure. That is why some may experience weakness, dizziness or even pass out;
3. Decreased immunity. Most women claim that before they found out about their situation, they picked up a runny nose or a viral infection;
4. Increased salivation. Often it is accompanied by nausea;
5. Frequent urination. This symptom is typical for all pregnant women. The cause of frequent urination lies in the increase in the volume of circulating blood. Over time, the problem worsens even more, because the uterus, which is constantly increasing in size, will also join the main cause. She begins to put pressure on the bladder, causing the urge to urinate (see article Frequent urination during pregnancy >>>).

But, if in addition to this, there are other pregnancy symptoms observed before the delay, then, with a high degree of probability, you will soon become a mother.

However, The most important and reliable sign of pregnancy is a delay in the cycle.

Once this has happened, you can take a pregnancy test or donate blood for hCG (read the article

The first signs of pregnancy before a missed period - what are they? This question often worries young girls due to various circumstances. Pregnancy for a woman is an important and exciting period, and the expectant mother wants to know about her situation almost from the first days.

Often, the first signs of pregnancy before menstruation can actually be symptoms of severe premenstrual syndrome. But the same primary signs are possible immediately after conception. If PMS for a woman is not a characteristic condition, then initial signs she perceives it as an unusual phenomenon, and when such symptoms appear, she thinks about whether it is possible to determine pregnancy in the early stages.

The very first signs of pregnancy before a missed period may be as follows:

• Feeling unwell. Even a week before menstruation, there is a feeling that a cold is developing, while there are no respiratory phenomena. There is a feeling of weakness, in the early stages the woman gets very tired.
• Emotional destabilization. Constant changes in mood, a change of joy with tears are also subjective signs of conception before a delay. Similar signs are often noted in women prone to emotionality.
• The manifestation of drowsiness bad dream. Those who are interested in how to determine pregnancy before a delay should pay attention to the manifestation of drowsiness, a constant feeling of lack of sleep. Are celebrated clear signs lack of sleep, even if the woman slept for 12 or more hours. Insomnia can also overcome: the expectant mother suddenly wakes up very early and cannot fall asleep again.
• Change in sex drive. Libido throughout the entire period of pregnancy can change in one direction or another. At the same time, the most early changes libido is noted as early as 2-3 weeks after conception.
• Feeling of heaviness in the pelvis. This feeling occurs as a result of more active blood flow to the pelvic organs. Therefore, a woman who is interested in how to understand that pregnancy has come, perceives this phenomenon as a heaviness in the uterus.
• Also, at the first signs of pregnancy, a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen may disturb. At the same time, the feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen does not disappear even after going to the toilet.
• Tingling in uterus. Periodically, tingling is felt in the uterus or in its area.
• Pain in the waist.
• Such harbingers are also likely: tingling in the back, backache in the lower back, radiating to the legs.

Tingling in the uterus can be noted already in the first weeks of pregnancy, before the delay, and feel like a slight tingling before menstruation or after ovulation. The causes of tingling in the uterus are associated with hormonal changes, attachment of the embryo.

You need to understand: if it tingles in the uterus, then this is a physiological phenomenon. As the fetus develops, lower back pain often worries, as the growing uterus presses on internal organs. Sometimes the earliest, first signs of pregnancy can appear as pain in the lower back after conception, in the days when the delay has just begun. You may also feel heat in the lumbar region.

Moreover, a woman sometimes cannot even touch her breast, since she can feel pain after the lightest touch. How the chest hurts depends on individual features, although this feature is taken into account when early definition pregnancy to delay.

In some cases, on the contrary, there is a loss of sensitivity of the mammary glands. This is typical for those who have always noted an increase in the sensitivity of the breast before menstruation.

• Fever and chills. A feeling of heat, which is replaced by chills, manifests itself several times a day. In this case, an increase in body temperature may not occur. This is an inner feeling that does not depend on exposure external factors.
• The first signs of pregnancy include increased appetite or desire eat a certain food.

Often, almost in the second week of pregnancy, women notice a significant increase in appetite (very often pregnant women write about this in every thematic forum, answering the question “What did you feel at the beginning of pregnancy?”). In the process of eating, they do not feel full. It also happens that you are drawn to a certain food product. It is also characteristic that pregnant women, as a rule, have a craving for that product or products that were previously absent from the menu.

• Nausea. Many women are interested in whether toxicosis can begin and whether it can feel sick at the earliest possible date. The beginning of such sensations in pregnant women is individual.

Nausea worries more often in the morning, sometimes there is vomiting. There is a sharp rejection of certain foods, even the thought of which provokes nausea.

• Heartburn often develops in the early stages.
• Pain in the intestines and stomach is also likely. How the stomach hurts, the woman herself determines with difficulty, because it is rather pulling sensation, gravity. Whether the stomach hurts in the first days after conception depends on individual characteristics - this does not always happen.
• High sensitivity to odors.

Many women who write to the forum and share their experiences, answering the question: “How did you feel that you were pregnant?” Talk about drastic changes in the sense of smell. There is an aversion to those smells that previously seemed pleasant, for example, to the aroma of food, perfumes, etc.

At the same time, some chemical smells may seem attractive. It happens that a woman feels an uncharacteristic aroma when smelling food - for example, it may seem to her that the food has the aroma of acetone.

Whether such changes can be felt immediately after conception depends on individual characteristics. Usually, hypersensitivity to smells is observed already a few days after conception.

Basal temperature during pregnancy before delay

Basal body temperature is the body temperature at rest after at least 6 hours of sleep. In different phases of the menstrual cycle, a woman's basal temperature is constantly changing under the influence of hormonal changes in female body.

Measurement of basal body temperature BT is a simple functional test that every woman can learn at home. The method is based on the hyperthermic (temperature) effect of progesterone on the thermoregulatory center located in the hypothalamus.

From the third or fourth day after the end of menstruation, BBT is in the range of 36.5-36.9 ° C. Such temperature regime creates optimal conditions for the maturation of the next egg in line.

Closer to the middle of the cycle (or rather, on the eve of ovulation, which happens to everyone in different days cycle), the basal temperature drops sharply, then to rise just as sharply.

However, this temperature fluctuation may not exist, but there is simply a noticeable increase in basal temperature compared to the first phase of the cycle - at least by 0.4 ° C, which is evidence of the onset of ovulation.

With the onset of ovulation, the indicators of basal temperatures rise up - to levels of 37 ° C and above (37.2-37.4 ° C). At different women these indicators may not be the same, but in order for ovulation to take place, the temperature difference between the phases should average 0.5 degrees.

An increase in basal temperature is the “handiwork” of progesterone, which is activated after ovulation in order to provide the most favorable conditions for further life and development of the egg. If conception takes place, then progesterone will continue to work, holding basal body temperature at elevated levels.
In the case of an “idle” release of the egg, the level of the pregnancy hormone will gradually decrease in favor of estrogen, under the influence of which there is a gradual decrease in BBT before the next menstruation.

During menstruation, BBT is quite low: the day before it ends, it averages 36.3C.

It is possible to suspect pregnancy before a delay in the case when the basal temperature after the increase is kept at high marks for 18 days or more and does not decrease with the onset of a delay.

The basal temperature during pregnancy before the delay will indicate conception if it is kept at high levels for 3 days longer than it usually began to decrease before menstruation. In addition, about high probability Pregnancy is indicated by the appearance of the third phase of the graph, when the increased BBT after ovulation increases again at the end of the corpus luteum phase.

If you observe a decrease in BBT for one day during a period of its persistent increase, then you can almost certainly talk about the onset of pregnancy.

Experts call this phenomenon "implantation retraction", which is accompanied by the release of estrogen and occurs on the day of attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterine wall.

How to measure basal temperature correctly

To obtain reliable data, you should keep a BT schedule for at least 4-6 months in a row, without violating the rules for measuring basal temperature:

1. You can measure basal temperature (BT) in the mouth, in the vagina or in the anus, the latter is more preferable. Many gynecologists believe that it is the rectal method that is more reliable and gives fewer errors than all the others. In the mouth, you need to measure the temperature for about 5 minutes, in the vagina and in the rectum for about 3 minutes.

If you measured your basal temperature (BT) in one place, then the location of the thermometer and the duration of the measurement cannot be changed the next time you take a measurement. Today in the mouth, tomorrow in the vagina, and the day after tomorrow in the rectum - such variations are not appropriate and can lead to false diagnosis.

Underarm basal temperature (BT) cannot be measured!

2. It is necessary to measure the basal temperature (BT) at the same time, preferably in the morning, immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed.

3. Always use the same thermometer - digital or mercury. If using mercury, be sure to shake before use.

4. Write down the results immediately, while making notes if on this day or the day before there was something that could affect the indicators of basal temperature (BT): alcohol intake, flight, stress, acute respiratory infections, inflammatory diseases, increased exercise stress, sexual intercourse the night before or in the morning, reception medicines- sleeping pills, hormones, psychotropic drugs etc. All these factors can affect the basal temperature and make the study unreliable.

Reliable ways to determine pregnancy in the early stages

Pregnancy test

most popular and accessible way determining pregnancy from the first day of delayed menstruation is a pharmacy test. It is very easy to use and more than 90% reliable. Operating principle this test is that it determines the hormone that begins to be produced in a woman from the first days of pregnancy.

This hormone is called human chorionic gonadotropin, or CG for short.

To determine its presence, the test plate is impregnated with a special chemical reagent, which, when interacting with urine, is excreted or eliminated, depending on whether you are pregnant or not.

In order for the result to be more reliable, morning urine should be used for research, since the highest concentration of this hormone is observed in the morning hours. If you doubt the result, we advise you to test again to confirm the result.

Laboratory blood tests

This method is considered one of the most reliable, as it is based on measuring the level of hormones in a blood test. In the laboratory, you take a blood test, which is taken from a vein, and after a while you get the result.

Unlike the pharmacy test, the laboratory method determines a hormone called trophoblastic beta-globulin. It is believed that the presence of this hormone gives more reliable information about the onset of pregnancy.

In addition, the level of this hormone can determine the expected duration of pregnancy. Another advantage of laboratory determination of pregnancy is that it can be carried out before the delay of menstruation. That is, after a few days of the alleged conception, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of pregnancy.

Ultrasonography

This method, as a rule, gives a 100% result of determining pregnancy, but is carried out only 3 weeks after conception. Ultrasound can be used to examine female organs, make sure there is no ectopic pregnancy and prevent many diseases.

At the moment, there are two ways to carry out the procedure: through the anterior abdominal wall and vaginally, when the sensor is inserted into the vagina. It is believed that the vaginal method is more reliable, but up to 9 weeks they try not to carry it out so as not to harm the developing fetus.

How to determine the duration of pregnancy by the last menstruation

Many women keep menstrual cycle calendars. It is more convenient to plan trips, vacations, visits to the gynecologist. Yes, and keeping in mind significant dates for a woman is simply inconvenient. Modern representatives of the weaker sex today plan their lives, and the appearance of children too.

Therefore, the date of the last menstruation will help to more accurately navigate when exactly the baby will be born, and will help to accurately determine the gestational age. So, let's learn more about such calculations.

About obstetric pregnancy

On average, women carry children for 280 days, which are calculated from the first day of the last menstruation. This period is called the obstetric period. It is on it that the definition of a woman's prenatal leave and the preliminary date of birth are based.

The obstetric term is also a kind of comparison scale that is used to evaluate the fetus based on the results of the first ultrasound. How exactly do doctors in the antenatal clinic calculate the preliminary date of birth based on the last menstruation?

They “rewind” 3 months from the first day of the last menstruation and add 7 days. This date is likely date childbirth.

So, let's give an example of such a calculation. The last menstruation of the expectant mother was on March 15. This means that the preliminary council of childbirth is scheduled for December 22. But, as practice shows, very rarely a child is born on this very day.

After all, everyone is well aware that many factors affect the course of pregnancy, including genetics. Therefore, childbirth can occur earlier than the period determined by the doctor, and a little later. Usually the first birth occurs earlier.

As for the gestational age, it is also recognized with a focus on the last menstruation. If she was on March 15, then approximately on the 12-14th day the woman ovulated, her egg was fertilized.

So, the gestation period begins on March 29. And if the patient women's consultation drawn on May 10, then her gestation period is approximately 6 weeks. Again, we are talking about an approximate period, because in some women ovulation occurs 11 days after the onset of menstruation, in others - 15, which depends on the length of the cycle.

In addition, on the first day of ovulation, conception may not occur. Some spermatozoa can "work" for 3-7 days. A fertilized egg, moreover, needs time to move to the uterus and attach to its walls.

About embryonic gestation

So you've defined obstetric term for the last menses. But the doctor sometimes stuns you by the fact that this period does not coincide with the real, that is, embryonic. It is determined by the results of an ultrasound examination. The difference may be a week or two.

Such discrepancies sometimes make the expectant mother very worried, poison her life. After all, the pregnant woman thinks that the baby is not all right. Women whose gestational age according to ultrasound is more or less than monthly, are afraid of abnormalities in the development of the fetus, as well as miscarriage.

But we must understand that it is very difficult to read ultrasound. Even experienced doctors may be wrong in the estimates, and each baby develops individually. And if, after such a study, a woman is told that the head of the fetus is developed for 22 weeks, and the legs for 24, then the anxiety of the pregnant woman can be understood. IN similar situations you can go to another doctor and do a second ultrasound. Sometimes old machines ultrasound diagnostics show an uncertain picture of the development of the baby.

Practice shows that the gestational age is determined more accurately up to 12 weeks, since during this period the embryo develops evenly, and the stages of its development are obvious. The length, coccygeal-parietal size of the fetus, the development of individual organs are precisely determined. But after this period, each child develops individually.

One may lag behind in its development for a variety of reasons, while the other, like a leader, is ahead of the classical time.

Specialists are guided by tables of development parameters. And if, after an ultrasound, the embryonic gestational age does not coincide with the obstetric one, do not panic. It happens, and it's quite normal. As well as the fact that a pregnant woman asks a lot of questions to the observing gynecologist about this.