Nutrition of a pregnant girl. What to do with late toxicosis? Brewer's yeast for pregnant women

Diet of pregnant women: 1 trimester

In the first months of pregnancy, there is no need to drastically change eating habits, especially since it can be very difficult to cope with all sorts of “eccentricities” when choosing food at this stage. Therefore, if you, as before, want fried potatoes, eat without a twinge of conscience.

By the way, a few words about "eccentricities" when choosing food. Experts believe that in this way a woman’s body signals a lack of certain substances: for example, interest in dairy products indicates a lack of calcium in the body, and if a woman suddenly wants seaweed The body needs iodine. Fresh vegetables and fruits, potatoes and pickles will be a source of vitamin C; nuts, green peas, fish - vitamin B1, bananas - vitamin B6 and potassium, orange and red vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamin A (carotene).

It happens that at the very beginning of pregnancy, expectant mothers refuse obviously healthy foods, such as meat, because they simply cannot bear it. These changes are associated with early toxicosis and usually go away with time.

Do not force yourself to eat, consult your doctor, now there are special products for pregnant women on sale (Nutridrink, Nutricia; Femilak, Nutritek; Enfamama, Mead Johnson), in fact - protein vitamin-mineral complexes that will help cope with nutritional deficiencies.

They will provide you with a guaranteed amount of vitamins, calories, proteins and eliminate the need for cooking, inventing something tasty and healthy at the same time.

Diet of pregnant women: 2-3 trimester

Starting from the second half of pregnancy, the expectant mother will have to be stricter about her nutrition. And some useful restrictions will now even be desirable, since gastrointestinal tract a pregnant woman begins to work in overload mode: heartburn and constipation may appear.

Stewed, baked or steamed food helps to cope with these problems. By the way, everything fried makes you thirsty, and you need to remember that during pregnancy, excess fluid can cause edema. So try not to overdo it.

For the same reason, stay away from salty foods. Salt food as usual (and preferably with iodized salt), but exclude pickles from the menu, salted fish and smoked meats. The problem is that a large number of salt makes you thirsty, and drinking too much liquid increases the risk of edema.

In the last two months of pregnancy, doctors recommend that expectant mothers not even add a little salt to food and not drink more than 1-1.2 liters of fluid per day. At the same time, do not completely give up salt, it can cause dehydration.

From the first days of pregnancy, try to drink coffee that does not contain caffeine: this way you will reduce the burden on your body and you will not have to wean your favorite taste. This transition will help you avoid a lot of problems: the stimulating effect of coffee can activate the smooth muscles of the uterus, where the baby develops, and threaten pregnancy.

Those of us who are worried about the safety of the figure need to remember that the usual lightweight products will now need to be replaced with products of standard fat content, and meat, fish, cereals, and bread should be added to vegetables and fruits.

Proper diet for pregnant women: regimen

• To feel good, try to eat every 4 hours.
• Start the day with a full breakfast (dairy dish, some whole grain bread or muesli and fresh fruit).
• Have a real lunch (if you can't afford it, have a sandwich with fresh vegetables and fruits or a salad dressed with soy or corn oil, yogurt and some fruit).
• Dine lightly (the fourth meal should be dietary: a dairy dish, some fruit, some black bread or unsweetened cookies).
• Between breakfast and lunch and during the afternoon snack, you can have a light snack with fruit, a low-fat sandwich, yogurt and drink juice. It is better to forget about rich and puff buns, pizza, sausage, sausages, fatty and fried foods for now.

The diet of pregnant women: safety rules

Observing simple rules hygiene, you will protect yourself from food poisoning. Apart from general advice store food in the refrigerator, wash vegetables and fruits, do not eat undercooked or undercooked food, raw eggs, food with an expired shelf life, there are a few more important and not too obvious recommendations.

• Cheeses. Give preference to cheeses based on pasteurized milk, hard or processed varieties. It is better to cut the rind off the cheese.
• Do not buy products cut (by weight), prefer ready-made vacuum packaging.
• Seafood, raw fish dishes can only be eaten if you are firmly convinced of their quality.
• Arrange at least once a week general cleaning in a refrigerator.
• Meat and fish must be hot processed, warmed up well, but ready-made dishes should not be boiled and stored in the refrigerator for no more than 24 hours.
• Don't drink raw milk A: All dairy products must be pasteurized or sterilized.
• Eat liver products no more than once a week. Remember that the liver is a chemical detoxification lab. harmful substances, which tend to accumulate in it.
• Transport frozen products in an insulated bag. Defrost them in the refrigerator and never freeze them again.
• Store vegetables, meat, and cooked foods separately.
• If after cutting raw meat or fish you need to cut the salad, do not forget to wash your hands. For different products use different knives and cutting boards.

The nutrition of pregnant women is one of the most important components in the health and development of the future baby and the well-being of the young mother. Adhering to the basic principles of proper and nutritious food intake throughout pregnancy, do not forget about the most important products in every trimester. During the period of gestation, the lack of each of the elements or vitamins necessary for two organisms, as well as the abuse of certain products, can lead to irreversible consequences (up to miscarriage, birth defects fetus and developmental delay).

The diet of a pregnant woman has general principles at all times, however, it should be selected according to the trimesters, taking into account the characteristics of each period and the condition of the woman at the current stage.

Remember that in each of the 40 weeks of bearing a baby, vital organs and entire systems are laid in it. That is why a woman's nutrition during pregnancy should be complete every day.

Nutrition of a woman throughout the entire period of pregnancy: general principles.

1. You need to eat little and often (ideally - 5-6 times a day), avoiding overeating.
2. If you feel hungry at night, you can drink a glass of warm milk, yogurt or kefir, or eat fruit.
3. All recipes for proper nutrition for pregnant women consist of fresh fruits and vegetables, excluding fried, pickled and smoked foods. The fruits must be local and seasonal so as not to lead to allergies or poisoning.
4. Dishes for pregnant women are steamed, in the oven, by boiling and stewing.
5. The diet of a pregnant woman simply must be based on healthy, easily digestible and quickly digestible healthy food, which is prepared in her own kitchen, and not bought in the nearest store.

First trimester

The most important vitamin during this period for the development of the baby (his neural tube) is folic acid. If a woman did not take it before pregnancy and does not continue to drink in the first months as medicinal product, then you can eat foods high in acid:

• spinach and leafy greens;
• cabbage (white, Brussels sprouts, Beijing, broccoli, cauliflower);
• turnips, beets, carrots and pumpkins;
• corn;
• avocado;
• asparagus and bell pepper;
• all kinds of citrus fruits (especially papaya, oranges and grapefruits);
• legumes (beans, peas and lentils);
• seeds and nuts (especially sunflower seeds, peanuts and almonds).

During the period of active restructuring of the body and the adaptation of a woman to a new state, one must first of all think about the child.

The diet of a pregnant woman should consist of maximum number fruits, berries and vegetables, natural juices from them, decoctions from dried fruits and wild rose. Absolutely all doctors agree that during the laying of the organs of the fetus, it is necessary to exclude from the mother's diet:

1. Alcohol as one of the most toxic drinks that are dangerous for the baby.
2. Caffeine and everything that contains it (in large volumes): teas (black and green), any energy drinks, cola.

They easily cross the placenta to developing fetus and violate the process of blood circulation, its cardiac and respiratory systems.

Second trimester

At this stage, the baby begins to actively grow, and each of its internal organs, gaining weight. The main building blocks for this will be protein. What diet should a pregnant woman have in order for both the baby and the mother to have enough protein?

• Meat (especially rabbit, veal, chicken and beef).
• Fish (best of all - low-fat varieties, for example, hake).
• Dairy dishes (cheesecakes, cottage cheese casseroles, homemade yogurt, etc.).
• Legumes (peas and beans).
• Cereals (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat, millet).

Animal proteins are easier to digest in the morning, vegetable proteins can be safely eaten in the afternoon and evening.

third trimester

It is during this period that the relevant recipes diet food for pregnant: after all, the larger the belly becomes, the harder for a woman eat high-calorie and hard-to-digest food. The nutrition schedule of a pregnant woman in the last trimester should be built on foods with a high content beneficial vitamins and minerals. And the main one is calcium, which is used by the body in the process of growth of the bones of the child and its development. nervous system.

Its main suppliers will be:

• all dairy products (yoghurt, curdled milk, low-fat cheese are best);
• nuts (especially almonds);
• green vegetables and fruits;
• legumes;
• cereals (especially oatmeal);
• freshly squeezed orange juice.

Proper nutrition is closely intertwined with big picture lifestyle of a pregnant woman. Read about it. But remember that late pregnancy has its differences. Find out all the details in this article.

In order not to recruit excess weight(from which it is so difficult to get rid of after childbirth), not to get an excessively large child in childbirth and, finally, not to overload the body, it is worth limiting (or better to exclude):

1. Confectionery and flour products.
2. Fatty meat, fish, cheese, homemade sour cream.

Limit salt and fluid intake: the likelihood of developing preeclampsia on recent months high.

Menu rational nutrition for pregnant women will also depend on the well-being and health indicators of the expectant mother (tests, ultrasound, cardiograms, eye tests, etc.). For any problems, a woman's nutrition is adjusted by her doctor.

So, for example, when severe toxicosis you should give up sweets, coffee and lemonade, so as not to provoke bouts of nausea. Even if you don’t feel like eating at all, you need to persuade yourself to have a couple of juicy sweet and sour fruits or a cracker with juice.

Prunes, beets, stewed vegetables, baked apples and natural unsweetened jelly help with constipation.

If the expectant mother is tormented by excessive gas formation, we advise you to exclude fresh and pickled white cabbage, grapes and legumes.

It is not necessary to calculate the nutrition of a pregnant woman by months or days and constantly conduct an examination during pregnancy if she is healthy and there are no deviations. Just stick to the basics healthy eating in each of the trimesters.

A woman who decides to become a mother must definitely know that the process of feeding a child begins from the moment of conception. That is why she needs to eat exclusively useful products during pregnancy, it will help the baby develop properly and keep the mother-to-be in good shape.

The most important thing for a woman during the period of bearing a baby is to give preference natural products and do not be lazy to cook on your own, you need to be completely confident in the quality of the food. Nutrition should be balanced and contain daily allowances minerals and vitamins.

Milk and dairy products

Hard cheese and cottage cheese contain a lot of useful substances:

1. Protein , which is necessary component composition of blood and lymph.
2. B vitamins that increase the "breathing" of body tissues, the endurance and performance of the mother.
3. iron and calcium necessary for the formation of bones, hair, skin and nails of the baby.
4. Folic acid very important for correct formation fetus and preventing the risk of developing pathologies, strengthening the mother's heart muscle.

natural yogurt contains much more bone-healthy calcium than regular cow's milk, and all the bifidobacteria necessary for the normal functioning of the intestine. Yogurt is rich in zinc and proteins, it will quench your thirst and reduce the feeling of hunger. You can replace yogurt with high-quality kefir.

They are a storehouse of nutrients necessary for the development of the baby of various trace elements:

However, they have a high calorie content, and it is not advisable for a future mother to abuse nuts!

Fish and seafood

Everyone knows that it is a source of phosphorus. Also found in fish products one of the most useful vitamins D, which strengthens the bones and nervous system of a pregnant woman .

During pregnancy, it is better for women to consume lean white fish, preferably marine rich in iodine.

Meat, liver

Important construction material body cells of the unborn child - a protein that enough contained in meat products. Eat lean meats - chicken, rabbit, beef, lean pork. In the preparation of meat dishes, it is better to do without seasonings.

Liver contains iron and B vitamins . This is a must-have product not only for the baby, but also for the mother herself - she endures heavy loads in the happy months of bearing her child. Many pregnant women may experience a drop in hemoglobin levels and anemia, and eating liver dishes will help to cope with this problem.

Eggs

They contain more than 10 useful vitamins and minerals For example, choline has an effect on mental capacity future baby. In getting rid of the nausea that torments mom in the first months " interesting position", will help the chromium contained in this product. It is important to regularly eat eggs - both chicken and quail.

But not raw!

Rich in vitamins, fiber, trace elements and organic acids . You can eat it in any form - raw, boiled, baked, in salads, which are best seasoned with vegetable oil or sour cream, but not with mayonnaise.

Particular attention should be paid to carrots, broccoli and avocados.

It is these vegetables that contain the largest amount of:

Fruits and berries

Especially useful during pregnancy! They contain minerals and vitamins vital for the development of the baby. The most important thing is not to forget to wash the fruits thoroughly before eating them.

A small daily portion of strawberries, blackberries, raspberries increases the defenses of the baby's body. I would like to note the benefits of mango, it contains a lot of vitamin A, you can eat it in any form - raw, boiled, salted or sweet.

Legumes

Lentils from the entire "legume family" will bring the greatest benefit for the body future mother. It contains vitamin B-6, folic acid and iron needed during pregnancy.

cereals

For example, cereals rich in fiber, iron and B vitamins . It is very useful to cook milk porridge with this cereal and add cereal to homemade cakes. Oatmeal will help normalize digestion.

Spinach

In the green leaves of this useful herbs contains:

• Folic acid.
• Calcium.
• Vitamin A.

does not represent special work grow spinach in your garden, on your balcony or on your windowsill. He occupies one of the most worthy places in the TOP-12 list! From this herb you can cook a lot of healthy dishes in the form of mashed potatoes, soups, side dishes.

Mushrooms

They are called "forest meat" and contain just a huge amount of vitamins B, E, C, PP, nicotinic acid and trace elements:

• Yoda.
• Zinc.
• Potassium.
• Phosphorus.

Mushrooms are very rich in proteins - leucine, tyrosine, histidine, arginine . It is necessary to use mushrooms with caution only from trusted manufacturers.

Oil

• The most useful for expectant mothers is olive « liquid gold", it has a beneficial effect on the process of formation of the baby's nervous system.
• Sunflower oil saturates the body of a pregnant woman with vitamins E, A, D, improves appearance hair and skin.
• But butter You do not need to abuse it - it contains a lot of calories. For normal development 50 grams per day is enough for a baby.

It is important for a pregnant woman to remember that good nutrition is a guarantee not only of her health, but also proper development baby.

Properly constructed nutrition of a pregnant woman is one of the forms of “educating” a baby, accustoming him to a certain diet. In addition, this is the best opportunity to improve the health of your own and your child even before childbirth.

Building proper nutrition before conception is important, and this applies to both parents. If you want to plan your pregnancy, close attention you need to know what exactly will depend on nutrition general development and baby health.

Preparation for the process of conception must necessarily be reduced to diagnostics, to quality treatment different infectious pathologies and the definition of different genetic patterns of diseases, but also for the formation of effective nutritional preferences, in all lifestyles. This is the only way you can count on the fact that a healthy baby will be conceived.

Basic rules for good nutrition

There are several basic rules that every pregnant woman or one who is just preparing to conceive should take into account. Among the most important are:

1. A woman should definitely bring her weight back to normal. You can't be fat, just like you can't be thin. Overweight seriously impairs health and general state in bearing a child. Thinness is also unacceptable, since the fetus uses the nutrients of the mother's body during the growth process, therefore a woman exhausted by diets is not very suitable for the role of a mother.
2. It is important to refuse products that cannot be consumed in the process of bearing a child. They will be described in more detail below.
3. We must not forget about the different vitamins that are contained in different products or specialized preparations.
4. Attention should definitely be paid to foods and preparations that contain folic acid. Its lack can lead to the fact that the baby will have malformations in the development of the body and the nervous system.

The need for certain useful and nutritious components, as a rule, depends on a large number of various factors. Each of them will be described in more detail below.

Nutrition and overall gestational age

In the first trimester, the fetus usually does not need a serious increase in the total caloric content of the entire diet. On this stage there is a powerful laying of the main systems of the body, therefore it is at this time that it is so important to focus on general quality food. For the most part, this applies to proteins, one in three consumed proteins goes strictly to the construction and formation of the tissues of the unborn child. It is equally important to fill your diet with various necessary vitamins.

In the next two trimesters, up to about 32 weeks, you will need to increase the total caloric content of the products and the entire diet as a whole, the fetus is growing quite actively. To ensure its full growth, it is important to add a large amount of healthy fats, proteins, and of course carbohydrates to the diet of each day. At the same time, the body's overall need for iron, calcium increases, and its "partner" - vitamin D, zinc and magnesium.

From about 32 weeks, the activity of a woman decreases somewhat, she rests much more, if she worked, then she goes on maternity leave. Based on this, there is a need to slightly reduce calories, reducing the total amount of components such as fats and simple carbohydrates, but not proteins, this will cause some problems for the baby and the woman. It is necessary to reduce the amount of sweets consumed.

The course of pregnancy and nutrition

If a woman suffers from different plan ailments, for example, toxicosis is noted, you can alleviate the condition by changing general regime taking food. Here it can be noted following rules:

1. It is better to eat food in small portions 5-6 times a day.
2. You can treat yourself to pickles, fish or sauerkraut.

If toxicosis is accompanied by severe weight loss, it is better to undergo special treatment in a hospital.

If problems such as impaired kidney function, increased pressure are noted in the second trimester, it will be necessary to reduce the amount of salt and liquid, and also not to eat fried and very spicy food.

If there is a threat of miscarriage, it is worth introducing foods or vitamin supplements of group E, B into the diet.

Nutrition and features of the figure

If a slender physique is noted, if experts establish a lack of mass, it is necessary to increase the total calorie content of food.

At the same time, the overall range of products consumed is important, which usually affects the processes associated with metabolism. For example, women who are significantly overweight are advised to avoid the intake of easily digestible carbohydrates. It is better to fill your diet with foods that contain a lot of proteins and vitamin C. At the same time thin women This vitamin is best avoided.

Here it is worth noting the features of the nutrition of vegetarians. In order to give birth healthy baby in the absence of meat in the diet, it will be necessary to include various dairy products and cottage cheese in the diet. This circumstance must be reported to the doctor, he will select a special policy. vitamin complex, where substances such as iron and folic acid will be present, and vitamin B12 is also important.

Nutrition and degree of physical activity

If the very lifestyle of a pregnant woman is associated with sedentary work, that is, if a lot of calories are not spent due to forced bed rest, it is better to reduce the volume in the daily diet. With a fairly active lifestyle, calories are worth different methods replenish.

Food - place of residence and time of year

When determining the daily diet, it is important to pay attention to the geographical place of residence. It is important for women living in the north to take into account that in such conditions it is better to increase the caloric content of the diet a little, by about 10-15%. With permanent residence in the south, calorie values ​​\u200b\u200bshould be reduced by 5%.

As for the time of the year in which the pregnancy occurred, it is worth keeping an eye on the total amount of fluid consumed in the summer. This is based on the fact that during pregnancy, especially in its second half, an unpleasant phenomenon can occur - dehydration. If the pregnancy proceeds normally, you need to drink the usual amount of water, that is, 1.5 - 2 liters per day.

Important rules for nutrition

There are several general rules regarding the construction of a competent and complete healthy nutrition during pregnancy. Women at this time are categorically contraindicated in the full observance of fasts, and regardless of religion. It is important to get the necessary fats, proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins from the food consumed in full. Nutrition must be as varied as possible.

Speaking about the wide variety of consumed products, it can be noted that not only the assortment of the main grocery basket but also cooking methods. It is necessary to note the following rules for building a daily diet with protein:

• There are many different foods that you can get the right amount of protein from. It is necessary to alternate products such as milk, meat, fish;
• among the most suitable varieties of meat during pregnancy, it is worth giving preference to low-fat types - beef, rabbit, from turkey or chicken - only white meat;
• it is better to eat boiled meat, do not give and do not bake. You can also stew. You can diversify cooking through dishes such as meatballs, simple boiled meat, meatballs;
• Fish is an excellent source of protein. At the same time, it also gives the body useful phosphorus. Lean fish should be included in the diet at least once every 7 days.

This is with regard to proteins, but fats are no less important in the diet. They are obtained from different vegetable oils- sunflower, olive, corn. Animal fats are found in fish, low-fat meat and milk, that is, they usually enter the body simultaneously with proteins.

Speaking of carbohydrates, it can be noted that they are best obtained from foods that contain a large amount of fiber. This is bread baked from very coarse flour, it can be bran found in whole grain crops - rice, healthy buckwheat and oatmeal, as well as various vegetables and all kinds of fruits.

Regular salt should be replaced with a more useful one - iodized. Tea and coffee on green tea and various herbal preparations.

What should not be consumed during pregnancy?

1. All types of alcoholic beverages are prohibited.
2. It is necessary to limit the consumption of foods that contain a large amount of tartrazine. These are various carbonated drinks, smoked products, creams with food colors, sweets;
3. Spices, spicy food additives, vinegar.
4. Very fatty meat and sea fish.
5. It is important to limit fried foods.

It is strictly forbidden for pregnant women to starve and, conversely, overeat. Do not eat foods that are classified as allergenic. Poor and monotonous food is unacceptable.

All this should be excluded, but the diet should be reorganized so that the diet is as diverse as possible, taking into account all the characteristics of the body of each woman.

Summing up

If a woman led a relatively healthy and correct lifestyle before conception and pregnancy, she can fully rely on her intuition. In other words, the body this case tell you what types of main products you need to pay attention to Special attention what to exclude and what to add.

In the event of each more or less doubtful situation, it is recommended to consult with a perinatologist. This specialist gives competent advice on how to maintain the health of yourself and your baby. Such advice is aimed at the complete prevention various complications, on the formation of an adequate protective reaction. The general competence of these specialists usually includes the collection of the entire general family history. Doctors use all the most modern, as well as the maximum effective methods to monitor the progress of the pregnancy.

There are a lot of myths and signs associated with pregnancy. Very often they bring a lot of inconvenience to the pregnant women themselves, complicating their life. Many myths are associated with the nutrition of pregnant women. You can often hear advice to eat for two, or, conversely, go on a diet so that the baby does not grow too large. Many misconceptions are associated with the use of certain products, such as chocolate or sweets.

In order not to worry about your diet and thus not create unnecessary stress on your body, every woman should learn how to eat right at this time even before pregnancy. In fact, there is nothing difficult in planning the diet of a pregnant woman, you just need to try to give your child everything you need and not give too much. And how to do this, we will try to figure it out.

Proper nutrition in trimesters

Each trimester of pregnancy has its own characteristics. In the first trimester, our nutrition is dominated by nausea. The lucky ones, whom this fate does not suffer, can rejoice at the onset of pregnancy. The rest have to reduce food intake to a minimum, try to eat little by little, as light meals as possible without a pronounced smell. It is better during this period to give preference to cereals, fruits, vegetables, you need to eat a little meat and drink enough fluids to avoid dehydration.

In the second trimester, nausea disappears and another invisible enemy awaits the woman - increased. During this period, it is very important to provide yourself with good nutrition without overeating. As the baby begins to actively grow, he needs more and more vitamins and nutrients. A woman should eat more meat, vegetables and fruits during this period. It is important to eat foods rich in iron, such as liver, buckwheat, apples, tomatoes.

The further the pregnancy develops, the higher the likelihood of edema, therefore Salt intake must be strictly limited. An enlarged tummy in the third trimester often provokes heartburn. During this period, it is important to eat little by little and give preference to foods with an alkaline reaction, such as cottage cheese, soft-boiled eggs, boiled meat, fish, poultry, steam omelets, dried white bread.

Another nuisance of pregnant women related to nutrition is constipation.. To avoid them, it is important to eat dairy products, steamed dried fruits, raw vegetable salads (if there is no heartburn), boiled cabbage and beets. It is very important that the amount of food received is sufficient. Eat more low-calorie, fiber-rich foods.

How much fluid should you drink during pregnancy?

Fluids during pregnancy are also legendary. Someone advises to drink, someone vice versa - to limit fluid intake so as not to provoke the appearance. modern medicine He says you should drink, but in moderation. A pregnant woman should drink at least 2 liters of fluid per day. It is water that helps to remove toxins from the body and prevents the formation of kidney stones.

You need to drink a little, a few sips, and choose the right drinks. It is clear that sweet multi-colored soda should be excluded from the diet. Best to drink plain water. If you want something more delicious, then you can choose juice, but it should be diluted with water 1: 1 and at the same time the juice should be natural and not very sweet.

There are many questions regarding the use of caffeinated beverages during pregnancy. It is better to refuse black coffee during pregnancy, but if a woman is used to it, it is better to do it gradually or drink no more than 1-2 cups a day, gradually reducing its strength. Tea, both black and green, can be consumed within reasonable limits, a cup or two a day will not hurt. But this does not mean that you can drink two cups of each drink - You can drink no more than two cups of caffeinated drinks per day.

Often the usual teas are advised to replace herbal teas. Doing this is not worth it. Reason - many herbs are abortifacient and the woman may not be aware of this. For example, the beloved hibiscus, which we know as hibiscus, is just such a plant.

Do you need to eat for two?

Very often, pregnant women are advised to eat for two. Of course, this does not mean that it is necessary to immediately pounce on food, doubling the portion. Really, the need for energy in a pregnant woman increases, but not immediately doubled, but gradually. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the portion size at all, it is only necessary to monitor the quality of the food.

It is believed that a pregnant woman, on average, should consume 2.5 thousand kcal per day. But this is an average figure, someone needs a little more, and someone less. That's why it is important to focus on the development of the baby and the well-being of the mother, as well as control weight gain. In addition, you need to watch what you eat. The food should have enough of all the basic nutrients, such as fats and carbohydrates. And in the second half of pregnancy, more proteins will be needed, but carbohydrate intake will have to be reduced. This is especially true for sweets and flour.

If appears constant desire something to chew, it is better to go for a walk or chew vegetables. Many girls allow themselves to overeat during pregnancy, believing that this baby wants to eat. Then it results in a long and difficult weight loss.

Is it necessary to take pharmaceutical vitamins?

Very often in the literature you can find recommendations to take vitamins during pregnancy. In most cases, this literature is either frankly outdated or released by the vitamin manufacturers themselves. Today there are several points of view on the intake of vitamins. One of the newest and most widely held views in the world is that it is necessary to take only folic acid and only at the planning stage and in the first trimester.

What about the rest of the vitamins? They are often recommended for use in the second and third trimesters. But in fact, if a woman was able to get pregnant and carry the pregnancy to half, she most likely does not have a pronounced beriberi. If a woman can buy herself an expensive vitamin complex for pregnant women, then she, most likely, can also afford to eat normally. In any case, good nutrition is much healthier than taking a synthetic vitamin.

There is another problem associated with taking vitamins - their overdose is extremely dangerous.. For example, an overdose during pregnancy can lead to impaired fetal heart formation. An excess of some vitamins is excreted from the body without harm to it, but at the same time, the load on excretory system increases. One conclusion - with beriberi, which cannot be cured proper nutrition need to take vitamins, but only on the recommendation and under the supervision of doctors. It must be vitamins for pregnant women, which contain vitamin D and trace elements. Self-administration of vitamins “just in case” is contraindicated.

What are the dangers of food during pregnancy

Overeating during pregnancy is very dangerous, especially in the second half. At this time, the woman's liver carries increased load, and overeating increases it even more. The body can react to this with all the signs of intoxication. Therefore, overeating can lead to weakness and vomiting. During vomiting, spasms of the stomach and other organs often occur, which can lead to premature birth.

It is very important to exclude too salty foods from the diet. The abundance of salt provokes venous congestion and the appearance of edema. And this is very dangerous, especially in the second half of pregnancy. Also, do not pounce on any exotic. This can provoke an upset gastrointestinal tract or allergic reactions. The earliest vegetables and fruits are also not the best choice for a pregnant woman - they can contain a lot of harmful chemical substances from fertilizers and means for treatment of plants.

It is important to avoid any strong allergens during pregnancy. This does not mean that they must be excluded completely, just do not abuse - one or two chocolate candies will not bring harm, but five or six can provoke allergic reaction or cause the development of allergies in a baby after a year of birth.

It is better to eat during pregnancy according to the feeling of hunger, and not according to the schedule, because over time the need for nutrients may change and the old schedule will no longer be relevant. It is better to limit eating after 19.00, you can drink kefir or yogurt, eat something non-caloric and light.

It is important to eat slowly, not rushing, chewing food well. It is very important to sit comfortably. Often the tummy props up the stomach and interferes with normal food intake, so you can eat in any position - as long as it is comfortable. As soon as the feeling of hunger is gone, the meal must be stopped.

It's better to prioritize simple products that our great-great-grandmothers ate. Preparing everything is also simple - boil, soar, bake. You should not eat complex salads with a bunch of exotic ingredients, sushi, fruits from distant countries, and everything that our body has learned to digest relatively recently.

AND last rule- if you can’t, but you really want it, then you can do it a little. Remember - pregnant women should not worry and feel unhappy if you are sure that candy, pie, strawberries, etc. will make you happy - allow yourself just a little. Remember - not for you.