Dandruff in women is a cosmetic problem that can be overcome. Dandruff causes, prevention, treatment

Dandruff, translated from Latin, means bran - indeed, the appearance of exfoliated skin particles resembles this dietary product.

Such a common, and for some, lifelong phenomenon as dandruff, from a medical point of view, is a syndrome characterized by a high rate of exfoliation of skin particles in the form of scales.

As a rule, dandruff is a long-term problem and is most often observed on the scalp. Doctors consider dandruff mild form seborrheic dermatitis. In this article we will talk about dandruff, its causes and treatment in various ways.

Causes of dandruff on the head

There are several reasons that provoke increased exfoliation of skin particles, but most often the symptom is caused by several factors that aggravate one:

• Metabolic disorders are the root cause of dandruff, making the body more vulnerable to the action of pathogenetic factors.
• Hormonal disorders are the most common reasons dandruff in women.
• Some diseases (gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, bronchopulmonary pathologies, neurological diseases, immunodeficiencies);
• Hereditary predisposition is a factor that cannot be corrected.
• Incorrect operation sebaceous glands.
• Dietary disorder, hypovitaminosis.
• Mental and physical stress.
• A fungal infection caused by Pityrosporum Ovale - yeast-like fungi, representatives of the normal microflora of the scalp.
• Improper scalp care (over-drying with a hairdryer, curling irons, frequent coloring);
• Irrational use of headwear (not wearing a hat in winter or wearing a warm headwear in hot weather);
• Insufficient scalp hygiene. However, this reason can only be realized in very advanced cases, when people completely neglect washing their hair.

Risk factors for the development of dandruff

If we consider dandruff as a form, then dandruff refers to the dry form of the disease. At the same time, sebum secretion is significantly reduced, and the natural exfoliation of skin scales is accelerated 3 times and takes 1 week instead of 4.

There is a classification of dandruff into dry and oily, but many experts consider it incorrect, since with true dandruff there is always a reduced separation sebum. Oily dandruff is rarely pronounced; particles of exfoliated epithelium are observed on the hair and rarely on the skin itself. But dry dandruff is always abundant and occurs with severe skin irritation and itching.

Dandruff symptoms

• visible white flakes of exfoliated skin on hair, shoulders, clothing, headdress, comb;
• dry skin, but also oily skin There may also be dandruff, since both conditions are variations of metabolic disorders;
• irritation of affected skin;
• dullness and fragility of hair;
• with progression or long-term course: enlargement of scales, reddish spots and yellowish crusts on the skin.

Differential diagnosis

Before diagnosing yourself, you should visit a doctor and rule out pathologies such as psoriasis and eczema. Both diseases rarely affect only the scalp and have widespread distribution and additional symptoms.

What absolutely should not be done for dandruff

• Scratch your head. Dandruff and itching are an unpleasant combination, and itching aggravates the pathology. Scratching and scratching your already irritated skin will make the problem worse. Infectious agents easily penetrate through microdamages, which leads to the formation of pustules;
• Use alcohol-based products, which greatly dry out already dry skin;
• Dye your hair and use other aggressive hair products;
• Use metal combs, the teeth of which damage the skin and increase dandruff.
• You should forget about hair dryers, straighteners and curling irons.

Dandruff Treatment Methods

Methods for treating dandruff can be divided into traditional and folk. The effectiveness of the chosen method depends on the correct application. Before using any treatment method, you should visit a doctor (dermatologist or trichologist) - perhaps the problem is much more serious than it seems.

Traditional methods

Antifungal therapy is prescribed to all patients, since in the vast majority of cases the fungus is the cause of dandruff or is added later. Medicinal shampoos and lotions, main active ingredients:

Clotrimazole (Cloderm) antifungal substance that disrupts the integrity of fungal membranes	Ketoconazole Azole, which has a fungistatic and fungicidal effect: Mycozoral, Nizoral, Perhotal, Sebozol.			Bifonazole (Bifon) antifungal agent with prolonged action (up to 48 hours)
Ichthyol (Dermasens) contains sulfur, which has local analgesic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects, normalizes the cell metabolism cycle	Zinc pyrithione (Friderm Zinc) antimicrobial and antifungal action	Ciclopirox (Sebiprox) pronounced fungicidal activity	Octopirox (Seborin) substance with antifungal activity	Salicylic Acid (Salicylic Shampoo) has keratolytic and antimicrobial effects
Quassia Amara Extract (Quasix Cream) plant with antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory effects	Selenium sulfide slows down cell division and acts on fungus: Selegel, Sulsen and Sulsen-forte.		Medical tar (T/Gel Neutrogena, Friederm Tar, Sebuton) disinfects the skin, reduces, normalizes cell turnover

Shampoos and lotions containing a combination of several active substances have the greatest effect.

Keto plus zinc pyrithione + ketaconazole	Qelual DS zinc pyrithione + cyclopiroxolamine + keluamide	Algopix medical tar + salicylic acid	Elfa ketaconazole + zinc	NodeDS climbazole + salicylic acid + zinc pyrithione	Phytosilic salicylic acid + oils tea tree, cypress, incense

General instructions for the use of medicated shampoos

All medicated shampoos require long-term use for 2-6 weeks, and then prophylactic use 1-2 times a week.

Like other medicinal formulations, shampoos and lotions have some contraindications for use and a number side effects– this should be taken into account before starting treatment.

Medicinal shampoo in sufficient quantity applied to hair, foams and distributes evenly on skin and hair. The exposure time is on average 5-10 minutes, after which the shampoo is thoroughly washed off with running water.

What about the advertised Head & Shoulders shampoo from Procter & Gamble? This shampoo does not belong to the medicinal group, although it contains zinc pyrithione. This means that the concentration active substance such is that the shampoo will not cause harm, but it will not be able to cure dandruff.

Drugs used to normalize lipolysis processes

• Methionine – normalizes the synthesis of phospholipids from fats.
• Riboflavin – participates in fat metabolism, normalizes redox processes.

General restorative therapy

Dandruff often accompanies immunodeficiency conditions, hypovitaminosis, and dysbacteriosis. Therefore, vitamin-mineral complexes (see), immunomodulators (see) and probiotics are prescribed in the treatment complex: (see).

Lifestyle, nutrition

As in the fight against any other disease, nutrition, emotional and physical state play an important, if not the main role in the fight against dandruff. Nutrition should be complete in terms of vitamin, mineral and protein composition, but the fat and carbohydrate portion should be limited. You should enrich your diet with herbs, vegetables and fruits, and seafood.

Normalization emotional state sometimes it is key in the treatment of dandruff. If it is difficult to cope with traumatic situations on your own, you should consult a psychotherapist. It is possible to use mild sedatives, for example, Persen (see).

Treatment of dandruff with folk remedies

Traditional treatments for dandruff are often much more effective than advertised drugs. According to statistics, only 5% of people suffering from dandruff turn to specialists for help, while the rest either do not receive treatment at all or use their grandmother’s methods. Of course, this approach is wrong, but thanks to these people we will learn effective ways in the fight against dandruff.

Phytotherapy

Nettle

In addition to the general strengthening, anti-inflammatory and natural antiseptic effect, it helps to renew the cellular composition of the epidermis. This plant contains organic acids, vitamin C in an amount ten times higher than that in lemon, as well as B vitamins, carotene, minerals, tannins and phytoncides.

To combat dandruff, use nettle infusion for a long time, until the symptoms completely disappear. 5 tbsp. fresh chopped nettle or 2 tbsp. dry plant is poured with a glass of boiling water and kept in a water bath for 10 minutes. The finished solution is filtered through gauze and rubbed into the scalp daily. After washing your hair, you should also rinse your hair with nettle infusion; there is no need to rinse it off with water.

Onion

This folk healer has long been used to treat hair, not only those affected by dandruff, but also brittle and dull hair. Onions contain active phytoncides that destroy fungus and bacteria, as well as vitamins and minerals. Many people refuse this accessible way combat dandruff due to the specific smell of onions, which is very easy to get rid of by thoroughly rinsing your hair with cool water after the procedure.

The bulbs are crushed into a paste, which is carefully distributed on the scalp. Put a cellophane cap on top and wrap your head with a towel. Leave the mask on for 2 hours, then wash your hair with neutral shampoo and rinse thoroughly. The procedure should be repeated twice a week until dandruff completely disappears.

Burdock roots

Burdock or burdock can be found in many hair products, but, as you know, there is nothing better than a freshly prepared medicinal composition. Burdock is a powerful antiseptic, contains tannins, and has a wound-healing and regenerating effect (see all).

You can use a traditional infusion of burdock roots in boiling water, but the most effective is burdock emulsion. To prepare it, pour a tablespoon of crushed burdock root with unrefined vegetable oil in a volume of 200 ml. The mixture is sealed and infused in the dark and warm for 2 weeks, after which the plant material is filtered. The finished emulsion is stored in the refrigerator.

This healing composition is considered the most effective in the fight against dandruff; the main thing is to use it correctly and regularly. Twice a week, an hour before washing your hair, rub the emulsion into the scalp and hair roots. Wash off with shampoo and big amount water.

Treatment with oils

Vegetable oils are widely used in the fight against dandruff, as they have complex impact on the scalp: not only eliminates dandruff, but also heals the skin, eliminating microflora imbalance. The most effective oils:

• Tea tree: eliminates dandruff, fights dry skin, improving the natural lipid layer.
• Basil: is an antioxidant, has antibacterial properties, stimulates hair growth.
• Chamomile: has antiseptic properties, eliminates itching and irritation, accelerates skin regeneration.
• Lemon: has powerful antibacterial properties, normalizes sebum secretion, destroys fungus.
• Myrrh: cleanses the skin of keratinized epithelium, regulates the function of the sebaceous glands.
• Patchouli: regenerates cells, promotes healing of microdamages.
• Mint: eliminates redness and irritation of the skin, reduces itching.
• Neema: eliminates fungus, heals the skin.

For cooking medicinal composition it is necessary to use basic neutral oil: cedar, olive, sesame, linseed, jojoba. Jojoba oil is preferred because its composition is closest to that of human fat. For 60 ml base oil take 20 drops of therapeutic. The resulting mixture is stored in the refrigerator in a closed container.

For the procedure, use about 1 teaspoon of the mixture (the mixture of oils is shaken before each use). Apply the oil to your fingertips and gently rub it into your scalp for a few minutes. If everything is done correctly, no greasy film will form on the hair. The mixture should not be washed off, but if you still need to wash your hair, you can do this an hour after the procedure. Frequency: 2-3 times a week.

other methods

Egg mask

Chicken eggs contain lecithin, vitamins and minerals that help eliminate dandruff, improve hair condition and soothe the skin.

For cooking healing mask 1 egg is beaten into foam and mixed in equal proportions with natural yogurt. The mixture is distributed on the scalp and hair, covered with cellophane and a towel and left for an hour, after which it is washed off with cool water. Frequency: 2-3 times a week.

Bread paste

Black bread is a real savior of dry and brittle hair and damaged skin. The yeast in baked bread is no longer so aggressive, but at the same time perfectly cleanses the skin without drying it out.

A piece of black bread is crushed and poured with boiling water. When the mixture has cooled (to about 50 C), wash your hair with this mixture, rubbing it into the hair, and then rinse with cool water. There is no need to use shampoo - your hair will be fresh and clean. You can use this method constantly, there is no harm or addiction.

Yogurt

Curdled milk provides vitamin nutrition to the hair and scalp. Due to content folic acid curdled milk has an anti-inflammatory effect, choline normalizes the function of the sebaceous glands, proteins and lactic acid restore the skin.

It is best to use homemade yogurt. The product is slightly warmed up and applied to unwashed but slightly moisturized hair and scalp, kept for 40 minutes under cellophane and terry towel and then wash off warm water with neutral shampoo. Repeat the procedure 2 times a week.

Many people are interested in the question: is it possible to use traditional methods treating dandruff with traditional treatment? If you have been prescribed shampoo to treat dandruff, do not neglect the recommendation. Traditional methods can be used if basic treatment is ineffective or if you cannot yet reach a doctor.

Whatever dandruff treatment you use, don’t wait. instant effect, but it’s not needed - gradual, natural recovery condition of the scalp is the best guarantee of no recurrence of dandruff!

From TV screens you can only hear “a new remedy for dandruff!” These products fill the shelves of cosmetic stores. People scoop up these products without thinking whether it will work or not. Can I wash my hair with this? Many people even forget to take into account hair type, personal tolerance, etc. So it’s worth first figuring out what it is and where it comes from?

Dandruff is a nuisance that everyone, young and old, has encountered. This is more of a medical problem than a cosmetic one. In terminology, dandruff is a skin fungus. It appears due to impaired regeneration of the scalp.

This fungus lives constantly on the scalp, but in minimal quantities. If the balance is disturbed and under the influence of certain factors on the body, it can begin to develop at a very high speed. The development of yeast-like fungi on the top layer of the scalp is what dermatologists call dandruff.

Doctors believe that the fungus begins to develop due to:

• stress;
• violations of proper nutrition;
• bad habits;
• overwork;
• improper hair care;
• incorrect selection of cosmetics;
• endocrine system disorders;
• weakening of the immune system;
• changes hormonal levels;
• other.

Dandruff does not choose who appears and who does not. It can occur in both a child and an adult. Girls and women suffer most often, men less so. This is due to the fact that men experiment less with their hair.

Dandruff appears as a consequence poor nutrition, stress and bad habits.
Not proper nutrition, or unbalanced, as it is commonly called in modern world, always brings harm, not benefit. It leads to a large release of free carbohydrates, which are actively converted into subcutaneous fat, which over time, through sebaceous glands secreted on the upper balls of the scalp. The keratinized cells do not have time to exfoliate and stick together with this fat. After which dandruff appears. Bad habits and stress change how the body works. The consequence of these changes is disruption of the body's functioning at all levels of life.

Wrong selection of cosmetics

The most basic thing is the wrong choice of shampoo or conditioner. Worth using it a couple of times normal hair and immediately the skin becomes dry. Which entails the appearance of nasty itching and dandruff. You should carefully consider the choice of shampoos and conditioners. They should be ideally suited to your hair type and not be alkaline.

Improper hair care

It is always worth knowing that it is easier to preserve and strengthen what you have than to build something new. When doing a new hairstyle using sper ultra fixation foam or varnish, you should not forget to wash it off immediately. And rinse off very, very thoroughly cleansing the scalp. Poorly cleansed scalp from styling products can lead to fungus and hair loss. It happens like this: the scalp is covered with a thin film, which provokes a large release of fats from the sebaceous glands, which leads to rapid contamination. Through this film, oxygen does not reach the hair follicles - this ultimately leads to hair loss, and contamination leads to the appearance of fungus.

These causes of dandruff are more serious than the previous ones. If you have problems in the endocrine system, you should immediately consult a doctor and not self-medicate. In such situations, dermatitis, fungi and other diseases often develop that no one thinks about.

Weakened the immune system can lead to dandruff even in a teenager. This happens due to the fact that the skin does not have time to renew the epidermis in time, and this process accelerates and dandruff appears.

Changes in hormonal levels are a natural process in the life of every person. During such periods of life, the appearance of dandruff is quite a characteristic process that should be expected. In such situations, the fungus usually goes away on its own, without additional interventions.

In order to correctly determine the cause that served as the impetus for the development of the fungus, it is recommended to consult specialists, dermatologists and trichologists. Having passed necessary examination and after passing certain tests, the doctor will accurately determine the cause of dandruff and prescribe the correct treatment.

How to prevent dandruff?

You can also prevent dandruff. There is a certain method for preventing dandruff.

The very first rule- This is to stick to a diet, or follow proper nutrition. Review your diet and eliminate fatty, smoked and salty foods as much as possible. Sweets can be replaced with fruits, and canned food with fresh ones vegetable salads. It is necessary to completely stop drinking alcoholic and carbonated drinks.

Second rule– forget about bad habits. They didn't bring anyone any good.

Third rule- personal hygiene. Learn how to properly care for your hair and scalp. Use only your own toiletries and keep them clean. Choose the right cosmetics for yourself.

Fourth rule– well-being. You need to give your body rest. Take vitamins regularly. Try to avoid stress.

Don’t forget that everything in the body is very closely connected, like in a chain. It will be great that one thing, the whole chain will be intact. Improve your health and your hair will thank you!

Video about why dandruff appears

Video on how to get rid of dandruff

Video about seborrhea and dandruff

The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Pityrosporum Ovale, which is present on the scalp. skin each person. Under the influence of various negative factors the vital activity of the fungus is activated, its quantity increases and a violation occurs life cycle epidermal cells of the head. Instead of the required twenty-eight to thirty-two days, they live only eight, which leads to the accumulation of dead particles on the surface of the skin. That is why dandruff is a medical, not a cosmetic problem, and it should be solved under the guidance of a dermatologist or trichologist.

The appearance of dandruff is not affected by the quality of the hair - it can occur regardless of whether it is dry, oily or normal. As for the age factor, it plays important role. It has been noted that young people aged 14-25 years are most susceptible to its appearance - it is at this age that sebum is secreted in excess, which is an additional provoking factor. In older people, the secretion of sebum is minimized, which is why dandruff practically does not occur.

CAUSES

The causes of dandruff are based on a number of factors associated with functional malfunctions in the body's systems, mainly endocrine, nervous and digestive. In addition, the appearance of excessive peeling is often due to external reasons related to environment and skin care.

Diseases that contribute to the appearance of dandruff:

• neurological disorders: stress, depression, syndrome chronic fatigue, ;
• unbalanced diet: eating too many sweets and flour products;
• obesity;
• illnesses gastrointestinal tract: And duodenum, ;
• chronic diseases of the urinary system: , ;
• genetically determined features of the structure and secretion of the scalp;
• improper scalp care: use of shampoos and other skin care products that are inappropriate for your skin type;
• infrequent or, conversely, too frequent hair hygiene contributes to dandruff;
• aggressive chemical composition of tap water used for washing hair;
• exposure to dry air: use of a hair dryer, ironing, hair curling iron, central heating in the cold season;
• lack of vitamins and minerals in the body: A, Z, group B, zinc, magnesium, healthy vegetable fats;
• allergic reaction to fibers contained in hats;
• reduced immunity;
• skin diseases: , ;
• bad habits: smoking, alcohol.

It has been noted that the risk of dandruff increases significantly during the cold season - the reason for this phenomenon lies in the small amount of ultraviolet radiation, which has the ability to neutralize the fungus, and in the presence of a large amount of synthetics in hats.

CLASSIFICATION

There are three types of dandruff:

• Dry dandruff is characterized by a large number of dry flakes on the surface of the epidermis of the scalp, which appear as a result of a lack of sebum production. With dry dandruff, the scales easily separate from the hair, fall off and remain on clothes. Their number varies depending on the degree of the disease - in the initial stages they are noticeable only upon closer examination, and in difficult cases– cover the entire head of the patient. This type of dandruff is often accompanied by dryness, brittleness and split ends.
• Oily liquid dandruff occurs due to increased sebum production, which, in turn, is a consequence of hormonal imbalance in the body. The pathology is easy to recognize by the appearance of the skin - it becomes shiny and covered with enlarged pores. The hair takes on an unkempt, unkempt appearance: it seems to be greased with lard and lies on the head in sparse, thin strands, studded with yellowish scales. The processes occurring in the epidermis when oily seborrhea occurs often lead to the loss of bactericidal properties, resulting in the formation of painful and poorly healing ulcers on the head. Oily liquid dandruff often leads to baldness.
• Oily, thick dandruff, just like liquid dandruff, occurs due to excessive activity of the sebaceous glands, but is accompanied by blockage of their ducts. The disease is often complicated by the appearance of acne and follicles on the scalp, the hair becomes stiff, its shafts thicken, and the number increases.

SYMPTOMS

The symptoms of the disease depend on its type and are manifested by the following signs:

• scales covering the scalp - depending on the type of dandruff, they can easily separate or adhere firmly to the surface of the epidermis and base of the hair;
• imbalance of sebum production - the skin becomes too dry or, conversely, too oily;
• unkempt appearance;
• itching and other unpleasant sensations;
• increased hair loss, baldness.

The listed symptoms may also relate to other dermatological diseases of the scalp (seborrhea, lichen), therefore, before starting treatment, it is necessary to conduct a qualified diagnosis with the help of a specialist.

DIAGNOSTICS

When diagnosing dandruff, the main emphasis is on the symptomatic manifestations of the disease. But since dandruff is only external manifestation internal problems of the body, the doctor’s task is to examine the patient in order to identify them.

Methods for identifying diseases:

• general and biochemical analysis blood;
• general urine and stool tests;
• hormone tests;
• Ultrasound of the thyroid gland;
• Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract.

If necessary, other diagnostic methods are also used to identify the causes of dandruff, and other specialists are also involved - a gastroenterologist, an immunologist, an infectious disease specialist.

TREATMENT

Treatment of dandruff is divided into two directions - the first is to neutralize the causes that caused it, and the second is to get rid of external symptoms. If the first stage completely depends on the results of the examination and the diagnosis made by the doctor, then for the second, as a rule, pharmacy antifungal shampoos, lotions, serums, balms and masks are used. Also have a beneficial effect on the condition of the scalp natural shampoos based on tar, St. John's wort, sulfur, boron, fermented milk products, salicylic acid, ichthyola.

Other therapies:

• hormonal and vitamin therapy (taking zinc, sulfur, B vitamins);
• ultraviolet treatment;
• drugs that normalize intestinal function;
• immunity-boosting medications.

To stimulate the production of keratin (a protein that plays a direct role in the formation of hair structure), vasoconstrictors are prescribed locally.

COMPLICATIONS

Lack of treatment for dandruff for a long time can lead to negative consequences like weakening hair follicles, thinning and thinning of hair, its fragility, and as a result – loss of attractive appearance. The disease can also be caused by various inflammatory processes in the skin, which is caused by scratching constantly itchy skin and introducing infection into it.

PREVENTION

Preventing dandruff comes down to following general rules healthy image life, as well as compliance with hygiene standards.

Measures to reduce the risk of dandruff:

• Careful, but at the same time moderate hygiene: the ideal frequency of hair washing is 2-3 times a week. Products for the care of the scalp and hair must be carefully selected taking into account individual characteristics, have the maximum natural composition, and if a person has a tendency to develop dandruff, then as a preventive measure it is advisable to periodically use special medications.
• A healthy balanced diet, which must include legumes, nuts, dairy products, plenty of fresh, boiled and stewed fruits and vegetables. You should exclude from the menu or minimize the consumption of all foods that can negatively affect the digestion process or cause diarrhea (baked goods made from white flour, carbonated drinks, fast food, chips, fried foods, etc.).
• Monitor status nervous system: do not disrupt your work and rest schedule, try to rest more, fill your life with positive impressions.

TO preventive measures also includes maintaining healthy immunity(sports activities appropriate to age and physical fitness, swimming, staying on fresh air at least two hours on weekdays and at least four on weekends), giving up bad habits.

PROGNOSIS FOR RECOVERY

Treatment initial stages dandruff usually takes 4 to 6 weeks. In more advanced cases, especially those aggravated by endocrine disorders, this period extends to the time necessary to completely cure the underlying disease. If the disease is chronic, then dandruff treatment must be carried out several times a year.

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Every third woman has encountered such an unpleasant phenomenon as dandruff in her life. It could appear for various reasons: stress, poor diet, improper hair care, illness. However, it always brought a lot of trouble and required immediate treatment. by special means. Modern cosmetology allows you to deal with this problem quickly and with minimal effort. It is only important to understand why dandruff appeared and choose the right strategy getting rid of it.

What is dandruff and its types

Dandruff is a lesion of the scalp in which there is advanced education whitish-gray loose scales.

This phenomenon is often accompanied by itching. This pathology occurs in about a third of men and women throughout the world. Dandruff is often confused with seborrhea, although in fact these are two different processes. When dandruff appears, the increased secretion of sebum characteristic of seborrhea is not observed.

Although it can accompany seborrhea as one of the symptoms. Conditionally this disease

• divided into two categories: dry dandruff. Accompanies increased dry skin, greatest number

The flakes in this form are located on the frontal part of the head, as well as the parietal part. With this form of the disease, they are dull and weakened;

• Dry dandruff oily dandruff. Arises as a result. The flakes in this form peel off very poorly and stick to the skin. Black spots are also visible on them.

With this form of the disease, the hair itself looks greasy and unkempt.

oily dandruff Both forms of dandruff often give very severe consequences

for human health.

Causes of dandruff in women

Dandruff is a consequence of disruption of the natural renewal processes of the scalp. Normally it takes 30 days. With dandruff, these processes take place much more actively, in just 7 days, because the number of dead cells increases and they collect in flakes, visible to the naked eye.

There are many reasons why such a violation can occur. This and genetic predisposition, and improper hair care, and fungal damage. Each phenomenon needs to be discussed in more detail.

Fungal infection

The main cause of dandruff in women is a specific fungus, Pityrosporum ovale. It is present on the skin of every person. However, if the functioning of the sebaceous glands is disrupted (which is why dandruff so often accompanies seborrhea), or the composition of sebum changes, it begins to actively multiply and disrupts natural processes exfoliation of scalp cells.

Effect of Pityrosporum ovale on the scalp

With such damage to the scalp, the usual cosmetic preparations against dandruff are usually ineffective. Pharmacy antifungals can help get rid of them. If the fungus is active enough and its spread is accompanied by the formation of brown plaques and severe itching

, you need the help of a dermatologist.

Failure to comply with personal hygiene rules Using other people's combs, towels, or hair clips can lead to the transfer of dandruff from one person to another.

Irregular hair washing can lead to a similar result, which causes an accumulation of sebum.

It is in this environment that the fungus develops most easily.

If the cause of the disease is precisely a violation of hygiene standards, it is necessary first of all to reconsider the hair washing regimen and completely stop using other people’s personal hygiene items. In this case, the problem may go away in just a few weeks.

Skin circulatory disorders This problem can be caused by refusing to wear hats in the cold season, using tight elastic bands and hair clips, and rarely combing your hair. The reasons for such a deviation may be different. However they have

overall result – the skin ceases to receive the components necessary for normal functioning, and dandruff forms., Helps to cope with this problem and restore normal metabolic processes on the scalp various masks therapeutic massages and spa treatments. With regular use, you can improve your skin condition in 2-3 weeks.

Frequent heat treatment

Hair dryers, curling irons and other types often dry out the scalp. And if your hair can be protected from them special masks or sprays, the scalp will not be protected in this way.

If dandruff occurs for this reason, it is very important to at least avoid styling products that use hot air.

Today there are quite a few hair dryers with warm or cold blowing, as well as an ionization function. They should be given preference. When drying, it is important to choose the most gentle mode.

Wrong choice of hair care products

Some types of shampoos, masks, conditioners and even hairsprays can form an impermeable film on the scalp, leading to changes in the water-lipid balance of cells.

As a result, metabolic processes on the skin are disrupted and dandruff appears.

If you suspect that you have dandruff as a result of using one or another, possibly low-quality care product, temporarily replace it with another that previously suited you. If the skin condition returns to normal after a week or two. Poor nutrition and stress Decreased immunity due to stress, as well as lack of what the scalp needs in the diet

vitamin complex

primarily lead to the activation of the fungus Pityrosporum ovale. In this case, the appearance of dandruff is usually associated with sudden weight loss, nervous exhaustion and other similar processes. Conventional means of combating it may be completely ineffective here. If the cause of dandruff is nervous exhaustion or a lack of nutrients in the diet, it is necessary to

cosmetics

add general vitamin complexes.

• The emphasis should be on drugs containing groups A, B, E, as well as calcium, magnesium and other minerals.
• Ways to combat the disease

To combat dandruff as effectively as possible, you first need to find out the cause of its occurrence, and only then select adequate means to combat it. They usually include topical medications: drugs to normalize lipolysis processes; special masks, balms, talkers.

In addition to these remedies, the patient may also be advised to adjust their lifestyle: get rid of stress, change their diet, quit smoking or change their diet.

In any case, all these actions will be aimed at normalizing the cell renewal processes of the scalp. In addition, the doctor may also recommend temporarily abandoning stressful procedures for the scalp such as perming, dyeing, and hair bleaching. If dandruff in your case accompanies seborrhea, hair loss, or other severe associated symptoms , you need to contact a dermatologist. It is possible that the appearance of white scales is the result of serious general diseases or dermatological pathology. In such cases, only he can appoint adequate treatment and help you avoid hair loss. Independent attempts to remove dandruff with complex skin diseases

They may not have any effect, so it is advisable to abandon them.

Video

You can learn more about the causes of dandruff in women and how to combat it from the video

Conclusion As you can see, dandruff is enough to fight modern methods

can be done quite effectively. It is only necessary to truly establish the cause of the disease, follow all instructions for its treatment and, in particularly difficult cases, seek help from a dermatologist. And then the disease will certainly leave you.… Win dandruff Almost every advertisement

famous brands

shampoos promise to help 100% in the fight against this scourge. However, if you look at it, shampoos only fight the consequences of more serious pathologies, which are signaled by dandruff, but not its causes. And then the disease will certainly leave you. What is dandruff? Reasons for its appearance

According to the medical literature,

• is a syndrome characterized by the rapid exfoliation of small particles of skin on the scalp.
• The causes of dandruff are conventionally divided into local and systemic. We list the main ones:
• endocrine diseases;
• disruption of the sebaceous glands;
• lack of vitamins and minerals;
• changes in the composition of sebum;
• skin diseases;

disorders of the heart, adrenal glands and brain; unhealthy diet and gastrointestinal diseases. As you can see, dandruff is not just white “snow” on the head. Rather, this is the first sign that something is wrong with your health.

not everything is fine

. Therefore, it is very important not to let this disease take its course and to begin to find out its causes and their treatment in a timely manner. Types of dandruff. Both types differ in their manifestations, but often arise due to the same reasons.

With oily dandruff, the hair on your head looks as if it has been poured with oil. At the same time, large flakes of skin form on them, which immediately catch the eye. Excess sebum reduces the protective forces of the skin itself, which leads to inflammation and the appearance of pustules on the head. Moreover, this is often accompanied by severe itching. And in advanced cases, even promotes baldness.

Dry dandruff, on the contrary, is not associated with increased activity of the sebaceous glands. In this case, the reasons for its occurrence are changes chemical composition sebum and proliferation of the fungus Malassezia Furfur in the scalp. As a rule, both of these factors are caused by an unbalanced diet, hormonal changes in the body and decreased immunity.

What factors influence the occurrence of dandruff?

Why does dandruff appear more often in some people and practically not in others? The fact is that dandruff occurs not only due to possible problems health, but also depends on the following factors:

• Age. Dandruff is found much more often in teenagers than in adults. This is usually associated with changes in hormonal levels during puberty. Fluctuations in the level of hormones in the blood of a boy and a girl can change the consistency of sebum, which ultimately leads to the appearance of dandruff. IN mature age Dandruff may also occur. However, in adults it does not occur as often, since their hormonal levels are more stable.
• Floor. Men are more likely to experience dandruff compared to women. According to experts, this is due to the male sex hormone - testosterone, which predominates among the stronger sex. Also, dandruff occurs more often in men due to the fact that their sebaceous glands are slightly larger in size than in women. And this again indicates increased production of sebum mainly in male half population.
• Nutrition. A deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the diet can be said to leave your head full of dandruff. In particular, a lack of zinc and healthy Omega-3 fats negatively affects the condition of your skin.

Treating dandruff with natural supplements

Dandruff is best treated with natural supplements that include herbal ingredients. Unlike shampoos and other products, dietary supplements eliminate the very cause of seborrhea, and not only fight its consequences.

Some natural supplements to treat dandruff include:

• Valeriana P includes valerian root, possessing healing properties for skin diseases, including seborrhea. Valerian P It is also recommended for use for eczema, dermatitis and baldness. In addition, this plant has calming and vasodilating properties. Due to this, supplements with it are used for sleep disorders, stress and cardiovascular diseases.
• Elecampane P contains elecampane roots, effectively fighting dandruff. Elecampane improves the absorption of nutrients, thereby normalizing the condition of the scalp. At the same time, to positive aspects The supplements also include antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. The roots of the plant suppress the activity of fungus in the scalp and relieve inflammation.
• P contains St. John's wort, which has an antibacterial effect on the skin with seborrheic dermatitis. Plus to this St. John's wort P helps cope with depression and relieves headaches.
• contains calendula officinalis variety Kalta containing a large number of flavonoids and anti-inflammatory substances. Thanks to these qualities, the dietary supplement Calendula P used for dermatitis, seborrhea, baldness, acne, as well as colds.
• Nettle P with content stinging nettle used for hair loss, excessive dandruff and atopic (allergic) dermatitis. This plant contains a large amount of vitamins and minerals that heal the scalp and reduce the effect of toxins on it.
• Dandelion P includes dandelion officinalis, which helps with diathesis, seborrhea, eczema, urticaria and other skin diseases. Besides, Dandelion P used to restore ligaments, thin the blood, and also to prevent cancer.
• Sage P contains sage leaves of the Kubanets variety. This plant contains an antibiotic salvin, suppressing bacterial activity and relieving inflammation.

Systemic treatment of dandruff

As mentioned earlier, hormonal imbalance affects the health of the scalp. Therefore, to get rid of dandruff, you need normalize the functioning of the entire endocrine system. To do this, in addition to the above supplements, take natural remedies, improving the functioning of hormonal glands.

• Tireo-Vit. It restores the functioning of the thyroid gland. Dandruff may be a consequence hypothyroidism– a disease in which the function of the thyroid gland is reduced. To treat and prevent this disease, it is taken Tireo-Vit, containing white cinquefoil, kelp and echinacea. The combined effect of these components in the supplement Tireo-Vit eliminates hypothyroidism, and with it dandruff, which is a consequence of this disease.
• Apitonus P. It normalizes vitamin and mineral balance in organism. The work of many endocrine glands depends on vitamins and minerals. The lack of these nutrients leads to hormonal imbalances and deterioration of skin condition. As a result, sebum production is disrupted and dandruff occurs. To get rid of this, a dietary supplement is used Apitonus P. It contains bee pollen– a storehouse of natural vitamins and minerals that restore the condition of the skin and are an excellent prevention of seborrhea.

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