Sweat and sebaceous glands. Skin covering

31.07.2019

The skin protects a person from exposure external environment, temperature differences and various damages. Thanks to the glands, the skin is involved in metabolism and removes harmful substances from the body through the pores.

The sebaceous glands are localized mainly in the upper half of the body, especially on the face. They are located in the reticular layer of the dermis hair follicles. Eat individual elements, which secrete a secret directly onto the skin. In other cases, the excretory ducts of the sebaceous gland open into the hair follicle.

sweat glands There are two types: eccrine and apocrine. The former are localized throughout the human body, the latter are responsible for the formation of odor during the period of hormonal adjustment and are located in the place of accumulation of hair - in the groin, armpits, on the forehead.

Structure

The anatomy of the sebaceous gland resembles bunch of grapes: alveolar sacs with ramifications. The end parts are composed of two types of cells:

Undifferentiated elements ready for division.
Cells in different stages of fatty degeneration. They produce lipids and, dying, turn into sebum.

The sweat glands have a simple structure - a glomerulus, where the excretory duct is located and secretion is produced. They are located inside the dermis, and their terminal sections extend to the outer surface of the skin.

Functions

Functions performed by the sebaceous gland:

softening of the skin;
protection of the epidermis from damage during friction;
with the breakdown of lipids - the formation of acids that are involved in the formation of surface immunity.

Function of the sweat gland:

participation in metabolic processes;
withdrawal of nitrogenous compounds, reducing the load on the kidneys;
thermoregulation, cooling the body in the hot season.

Typical diseases and their symptoms

Pathologies of the sebaceous and sweat glands negatively affect the quality of life of a person and require an appeal to a medical specialist.

Acne (acne) is an inflammatory process characterized by blockage sebaceous glands.

Why does the disease appear:

hormonal metabolism disorders (during puberty, during the period of bearing a child);
malfunction of the adrenal glands;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract caused by the predominance of carbohydrates in the diet;
stressful situations;
taking GCS;
improper skin care;
inflammation of the sebaceous glands and ducts.

Symptoms include the appearance of a rash on the skin with the formation of papules, pustules and nodules. Comedones are filled with purulent contents, painful on palpation, acne larger than 5 mm, can leave scars or bumps on the skin.

Seborrhea is a chronic ailment in which there is an increase in the secretion of the gland and increased production of sebum.

Symptoms:

shiny skin;
dilated excretory ducts;
rashes in the form of red spots, plaques with crusts;
severe itching;
scales on the head;
greasy, matted hair.

Hydradenitis is a disease that is associated with blockage of the sweat glands.

Hormonal changes - pregnancy, menopause.
Diaper rash with infection in the wound.

Often the disease occurs in the armpit and in the groin area. The patient complains of fever, weakness. Visually, the disease manifests itself in the form of a cyanotic nodule. The skin around swells, redness of the inflamed area is noted. Due to the attachment of infection, the nodule is filled with pus.

Hyperhidrosis is an ailment that is characterized by increased work of the sweat gland.

chronic infectious diseases;
stress;
tight shoes or clothes;
flat feet;
fungal attack.

Partial hyperhidrosis is the body's response to stressful situation manifests itself in cases of psychological attack.

At true disease perspiration is continuous. The secret has a nasty putrid smell, sticky texture.

Inflammation treatment

Therapy of each ailment requires the advice of a specialist. Often pathological process prone to self-destruction.

Acne treatment consists of the following steps:

identification of the cause that caused the formation of a rash;
treatment of concomitant pathology;
removal of formed acne;
topical use of antibiotics to reduce inflammation;
diet compliance.

Therapy for seborrhea:

balanced diet;
wiping the skin with a 2% solution of salicylic alcohol twice a day;
antifungal agents;
usage special shampoos for hair;
physiotherapy to improve trophism in tissues and detachment of the affected epithelium.

Hydradenitis is treated:

reduction of inflammation of the sweat glands by treatment with antiseptics;
the use of antimicrobial ointments;
personal hygiene.

If the effect of the therapy is insufficient, it is indicated surgical intervention followed by antibiotic injections.

Measures to get rid of hyperhidrosis include:

foot baths with oak bark, chamomile or potassium permanganate;
regular use of powders with talc or zinc;
frequent change of socks, drying shoes;
restriction of fluid intake;
sedatives and sedatives in stressful situations.

Preventive actions

To prevent blockage of the sebaceous and sweat glands, the following rules should be observed:

Limitation of sweets, smoked and fatty foods.
Getting rid of bad habits.
Frequent walks to fresh air, sunbathing.
Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
Contrasting wash in the morning.

Inflammatory diseases of the gland are an unpleasant ailment that requires specialist advice and lifestyle changes.

In inflammatory diseases of the sebaceous and sweat glands, their main functions are violated - thermoregulatory and water-repellent. The most common diseases of the sebaceous and sweat glands are acne and seborrhea. Paradoxically, but not only non-observance of the simplest hygiene rules, but also their excessive abuse, when the protective properties of the skin are reduced, can lead to their occurrence.

Where are the sebaceous and sweat glands, their functions

Sebaceous glands (glandulae sebasea)- These are the glands of the skin, the secret of which (sebum) serves as a fatty lubricant for the hair and skin surface.

Where are sebaceous glands in the human body: they are located almost all over the skin with the exception of the palms and soles. On certain parts of the body devoid of hair (eyelids, lips, glans penis, foreskin, nipples and areola of the mammary glands, clitoris, labia minora, around the anus, external auditory canal), there are so-called free sebaceous glands that open directly on the surface of the epidermis. In all other cases, the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands open into the hair follicles.

Depending on the location, the sebaceous glands can vary significantly in size, localization and structure.

Sebum is produced by the sebaceous glands under the influence of the male hormone androgen and consists of more than 40 acids and alcohols. First, it enters the hair follicle, where it lubricates the hair. Then, coming to the surface of the skin, it forms a greasy, slightly acidic film (the so-called acid mantle of the skin). It is of great importance for maintaining a healthy, holistic skin cover, as it has antiseptic, antibacterial properties. Sebum also prevents penetration harmful substances from the outside. However, its most important function of the sebaceous glands is to retain moisture in the skin.

Sweat glands produce sweat. They have a fairly simple structure - they consist of a secretory glomerulus and an excretory duct.

According to the method of formation and composition of the secretion, sweat glands are divided into apocrine and eccrine glands. Where are sweat glands located and what are their functions?

Apocrine sweat glands located in armpits, anal region, perineum, on the wings of the nose, eyelids, external auditory canal. Not involved in thermoregulation, but respond to stress. The sweat they secrete can be odorous and viscous. The peak activity of these glands falls on pubertal (adolescent) age; in old age, their functions of the sweat glands weaken.

Eccrine sweat glands located on the entire surface of the body, except for the head, the foreskin of the penis, the red border of the lips. Composition: 99% water 1% inorganic and organic substances. The sweat of these glands makes the surface of the skin acidic.

Why the sebaceous glands become inflamed: an inflammatory disease of acne

acne- common skin disease inflammatory process hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

Mostly areas with a high content of sebaceous glands are affected: face, chest, back. Characterized by a chronic course.

The causes of diseases of the sebaceous and sweat glands can be:

internal diseases:
hormonal imbalance is the main cause of acne in adolescence, in the premenstrual period, against the background of chronic diseases of the genital organs or pregnancy;
disorders - failure in the activity of the adrenal glands or;
Another cause of the disease of the sebaceous glands is follicular hyperkeratosis - a violation of the normal process of constant renewal of the cells of the hair follicles, where the lumen of the sebaceous glands opens. Horny scales clog the follicular duct, which leads to the formation of microcomedones - black dots. Blockage of the mouth of the hair follicle stops air from entering its cavity. Together with the accumulation of sebum and dead horny skin scales inside the follicle, favorable conditions are created for the reproduction of bacteria;
and an imbalance in the diet - the predominance of carbohydrate foods in the diet and the deficiency of essential amino acids and healthy fats lead to hyperfunction of the sebaceous glands. Correction of nutrition allows you to normalize the secretion of sebum, sometimes this is enough to get rid of acne;
individual, acne-producing microflora of the skin;
it can also be the cause of the disease of the sebaceous and sweat glands.
comedogenic cosmetics that clog pores and promote acne. Comedogenic substances include oils (corn, coconut, peach, almond, soy), lanolin, petroleum jelly, oleic acid, sulfur, squalene, sorbitan oleate, sodium lauryl sulfate, myristyl lactate, etc.;
heat and humid climate exacerbate the disease;
excessive ultraviolet radiation increases the formation of sebum and dries out the stratum corneum, which leads to an exacerbation of acne and an increase in the number of acne. However, in not in large numbers ultraviolet irradiation causes an improvement in the course of the disease;
inflammatory diseases of the sebaceous glands of the skin can be caused by contact with toxic substances (in this case, hyperkeratosis and seborrhea may develop);
squeezing acne leads to the penetration of the infection into the deeper layers of the skin, the seeding of non-inflamed elements and the spread of the disease;
drug-induced acne develops against the background of taking a number (for example, corticosteroids);
Another reason why the sebaceous glands become inflamed may be too frequent washing, which dries out the skin and reduces its protective properties - this can lead to the development or exacerbation of the disease.

How to treat acne inflammation of the sebaceous glands

Treatment of acne depends on the severity of the disease (mild, moderate, severe) and is aimed at:

decrease in sebum production;
normalization of horn formation in the hair follicle;
suppression of microflora;
reducing inflammation.

For the treatment of inflammation of the sebaceous glands of mild and medium degree severity, drugs for external (local) therapy are used: creams, gels, ointments, lotions, etc., containing various active substances (retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, etc.), which prevent the formation of comedones or destroy them, reduce the formation of sebum and inflammation. In more severe forms of acne, retinoids and oral antibiotics are prescribed.

At hormonal disorders sex hormone therapy may be required.

Along with the therapy prescribed by a dermatologist, it is possible to use cosmetic procedures.

Inflammation of the sebaceous and sweat glands seborrhea and its treatment

seborrhea- is chronic pathological condition skin, characterized by increased secretion of the sebaceous glands and a change in the normal state of sebum.

There are many internal causes the appearance of seborrhea, among which essential has a dysfunction of the endocrine glands (endocrine disorders), especially the gonads.

Symptoms of diseases of the sebaceous and sweat glands are manifested as follows:

increased greasiness of the skin (glossy from fat, especially the skin of the face);
expansion of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands, which is especially noticeable on the wings of the nose and cheeks;
the formation of sebaceous-horn plugs in the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands;
increased secretion of sebum on the scalp, in the sternum and between the shoulder blades.

Against the background of seborrhea, vulgar (ordinary) acne often appears.

For the treatment of inflammation of the sebaceous and sweat glands, it is recommended:

strictly observe the rules of personal hygiene;
degrease seborrheic skin daily in the morning and evening and remove excessive amounts of fat from its surface. Use high-quality soap for washing, wash not hot, but warm water then rinse your face with cold water;
limit the amount of animal fats (cow butter, lard) and carbohydrates (sugar, sweets) in the diet. Daily include in the menu foods rich in protein (milk, cheese, eggs, lean meat), as well as vegetables and fruits;
spend a lot of time outdoors sunbathing(in autumn and winter, use a quartz lamp);
when caring for seborrheic skin, creams and ointments should not be used, as they contribute to blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands. It is recommended to wipe oily skin 2% solution of salicylic alcohol.

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By evaporation of sweat, the body regulates the external and internal body temperature. The significance of such work of the human sweat glands is protection against overheating, heat stroke and other troubles. When a certain list of diseases of the internal organs occurs, dysfunction of the sweat glands occurs, and specific pathologies of eccrine and apocrine centers develop. Eccrine sweat glands affect hyperhidrosis, dyshidrosis, red granularity, anhidrosis, prickly heat, and apocrine sweat glands - bromhidrosis, osmidrosis, chromhidrosis, hydradenitis, inverse acne. Surgeons, dermatologists, and cosmetologists are engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the sweat secretion centers. In most cases, the problem is corrected surgically.

Structure

Sweat glands are simple tubular channels that are formed in the epithelial layer of the skin. The ducts have a secretory section of a spiral shape. Sweat accumulates in it, then it is brought to the surface of the skin. Such sweat centers are located everywhere: in the armpits, on the soles of the feet, on the forehead, palms, in the groin, etc.

Until some time, there were some difficulties in studying the structure and functions of the sweat glands. But a team of scientists led by Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi and Ryuichiro Kurata from Osaka University invented and applied special technique immunostaining. This made it possible to thoroughly study how all the structures of the sweat gland function and interact with each other. In the future, this knowledge will make it possible to identify and treat many pathologies associated with increased sweating.

When examining the sweat glands under a microscope, one can see human sweat pores (holes) and special cells in the walls of the tubes for the synthesis of sweat secretion. The tubules, together with the ducts of the sebaceous centers, partially flow into the hair roots (hair follicles). The anatomical structure of the sweat gland consists of:

body - secretory spiral tube;
output channel;
pores.

Around the secretory tangle there are small capillaries that densely braid it and carry out the blood supply to each sweat gland. There is also a dense network of nerve receptors. Due to this structure, the regulation of the activity of glandular centers is carried out under control nervous system. The function of the sweat glands is also regulated by the hormones of the adrenal cortex.

The sweat glands begin to function with secretion through the pores, especially actively when the nerve receptors are irritated. Usually such a reaction occurs to heat, quantitative bursts of hormones, stress, dangerous situations.

The number of sweat glands in human skin varies in the range of 2-3 million. Therefore, in every 1 cm of the palm or soles of the feet, there are 300-400 microtubules for sweat excretion. Most of the glandular centers that secrete sweat are located in the skin of the forehead, armpits, and groin. Fewer tubules are located in other parts of the body. There are no glandular sweat tubes only in the skin of the lips, some areas of the genital organs.

The main significance of the glandular centers is thermoregulation, which in right moment corrects temperature indicators internal organs and skin. The centers of perspiration work with different intensity, which depends on environment. With complete immobility in a cold room, not all glands will work.

Men sweat more than women. Chemical composition when sweating the secreted fluid is individual, and differs depending on the location of the secretory gland.

Classification and functions

There are two types of sweat centers, which are endowed with a certain set of functions that are important for the human body:

superficial - eccrine glands, functioning constantly;
apocrine sweat glands, activated between 14 and 60 years of age and connected to hair follicles.
What their functions are is described below.

Apocrine

Apocrine glands are found in the body in smaller quantities. Their main place of localization is the armpits, groin, areolas of the mammary glands. The ducts of these glands open into the hair follicles, so they are absent on the palms, feet and other hairless areas where there is no hair covering.

Apocrine glands do not perform their functions from the beginning to the end of puberty. The peak of their activity falls on puberty. Therefore, hydradenitis (purulent inflammation of the glandular centers) does not occur in children and the elderly, since none of their glands produce sweat.

It is this type of gland that is responsible for the individual smell of a person. Each such glandular center forms such a sweat, the composition of which plays a role in increasing elasticity, moisturizing and protecting the skin from drying out. Such sweat glands are involved in cleaning the body of toxins, toxins, remove other types of unnecessary and harmful substances. This explains the unpleasant amber from a person when they are activated.

The attraction of the "second half" occurs with the help of apocrine sweat glands.

Initially secreted secret has no flavor. Its composition: 98% - water, 1% - sebum, 1% - metabolic products excreted along with the secret, acetone, methanol and other unnecessary substances that are endowed with characteristic odors. When such a composition of the secret interacts with microorganisms living in a humid environment and in the hairline, human skin that is wet when sweating acquires an individual smell.

Scientists have proven the fact that apocrine sweat glands are able to secrete "love pheromones". Attracting a "second half" and activating sexual attraction. Normal sweating is moderate, without any aromas, of the usual consistency. With some types of diseases of the internal organs, sweat can be thick, viscous, sticky, cold, with a fetid amber.

exocrine

This type of sweat glands is the most numerous. Eccrine centers are located throughout the body with maximum concentration in the area of the sternum, armpits, back, face, palms, feet. Functions of the sweat glands:

thermoregulation by sweating, followed by evaporation of the secret from the surface of the skin;
protection of internal organs from overheating;
increased sweating during stress, anxiety, excitement;
removal of toxins and other harmful substances from the body.

Eccrine sweat glands are highly active. The secret excreted through them is odorless. Its role is cooling, contributing to the natural hydration of the skin. The eccrine glands secrete sweat through the palms and feet continuously but imperceptibly. A significant increase is observed with an increase in temperature, emotional stress and some pathologies of the internal organs. Any changes in the eccrine glands lead to excessive sweating, called hyperhidrosis.

Diseases

Any system in the body, including the sweating system, its secretion, can fail. Diseases of the sweat glands are mainly associated with an increase in sweating (hyperhidrosis), a decrease (hypohidrosis) or a complete absence (). There are diseases of the sweat glands, such as:

chromhidrosis with the release of a colored secret;
uridrosis with an increase in the concentration of urea and its acid in sweat, which is typical for kidney diseases, when their filtering ability is disturbed, and sweat centers take over this function (signs are crystalline sweat in the armpits, on the hair);
steathidrosis with fatty secret what happens when there is a union of adjacent sebaceous and sweat glands.

Other types of sweat center diseases are discussed in more detail below.

Hypohidrosis is abnormally low sweating.

Pathology involves a decrease in the amount of secreted sweat. Causes:

nervous disorders;
blockage of sweat tubes that remove sweat;
damage to sweat centers.

More often, hypohidrosis accompanies such types of internal diseases as:

massive renal dysfunction;
inflamed nerve receptors;
keratosis (skin disease).

Anhidrosis

Pathology is formed against the background of a complete absence of sweating. It is currently considered that chronic diseases sweat centers, such as their hypoplasia and aplasia, are the main prerequisites for the development of chronic anhidrosis. The main causes of acquired pathology:

insufficiency of sweat centers;
violation of their innervation.

Most often, anhidrosis develops as a symptom of acute lung cancer.

With such a pathology, it is forbidden to stay in the sun for a long time, in hot rooms or on the street when high temperatures, because internal organs will not cool, resulting in severe heatstroke and death.

Hyperhidrosis

Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating of the body or certain parts of the body.

The disease is characterized excessive sweating. Distinguish:

local ailment, when certain parts of the body sweat;
extensive pathology, when uncontrolled secretion occurs throughout the body.

Pathological causes:

neurodermatitis;
psoriasis;
neurasthenia;
tuberculosis;
diabetes.

The main symptoms that serve for the differential diagnosis of the listed pathologies are the characteristics of the secret: its amber, temperature, consistency. It takes a lot of time and complex therapy to cure the pathology.

Hydradenitis

Hidradenitis - inflammation of the sweat glands with suppuration.

The disease affects the apocrine centers in the armpits, prianal and inguinal zone. Most often it develops in women 30-40 years old. Pathology implies acute purulent inflammation of the sweat glands. Provoking factors:

blockage of glandular roots;
fluctuations in hormone levels, which is often observed during pregnancy (when the hormone progesterone and hCG increase), menopause (when estrogen decreases);
diaper rash;
microtrauma followed by bacterial infection, often staphylococcal.

You can determine the disease by a dense, reddened, painful nodule, which becomes larger, constantly grows, changes color to purple-bluish. The size of the node varies in the range of 5-30 mm. The number of nodules may vary. They gradually combine into a large conglomerate and protrude above the surface of the skin. The special shape of the lump with edematous tissue around and the color explains another name for the disease - “ bitch udder”, which appeared among the people due to the similarity of the growth with the mammary glands of animals.

Pathology is a consequence of the action of an infection that occurs against the background of the growth and reproduction of bacteria in a fertile humid environment. Therefore, the disease is manifested by fever, weakness.

It is possible to get rid of the disease that has arisen against the background of blockage and blockage of the sweat glands, is acute and does not recur, with the help of the correct drug treatment. The pathology caused by coccal infection requires more thorough antibiotic therapy and can go into a chronic, recurrent form. Therefore, the treatment is performed surgically.

Osmidrosis

Osmidrosis is characterized bad smell sweat.

Secretions in pathology are distinguished by a fetid odor. Main reasons:

complete violation of the rules of personal hygiene;
disruptions in the menstrual cycle;
endocrine dysfunction.

In some internal diseases, sweat centers take over the filtration function, begin to remove the bulk of toxins, such as urea. To eliminate the problem, correction and a complete cure for the underlying pathology are required with careful personal hygiene.

sweat glands. They develop on the 3rd month of embryogenesis from the epidermis of the skin, which grows into the subepithelial mesenchyme in the form of epithelial strands. Sweat glands are divided into eccrine (merocrine) and apocrine glands. The largest number of sweat glands is located in the palmar surface of the hands, face, forehead, inguinal folds, armpits, and back.

eccrine glands are simple tubular glands. Their terminal sections are located deep in the reticular layer and are folded into balls. The terminal sections of the eccrine glands are lined with a single-layer epithelium, which has a prismatic shape before secretion and a cubic one after secretion. The epithelial cells of the terminal sections are called sudoriferocytes. Sudoriferocytes are divided into dark and light. Dark sudoriferocytes secrete organic components of sweat, light - electrolytes and water. The secret of the sweat glands - sweat consists of 98% water, the rest is organic and inorganic dense substances. 500-600 ml of sweat is released per day. With sweat, bradykinin is released, which expands blood vessels skin and promote heat dissipation.

Between the basal end of the sudoriferocytes and the basement membrane are myoepithelial cells of the process form. In their processes there are contractile filaments, during the contraction of which a secret is released from the sudoriferocytes.

The excretory duct of the sweat gland, passing in the dermis itself, is lined with a two-layer cubic epithelium; when entering the epidermis, it is lined with squamous epithelium, and a sweat pore opens on the surface of the epidermis.

Apocrine sweat glands differ from merocrine in the following features; 1) finally develop during puberty; 2) functionally related to the reproductive system (sweating increases during menstruation); 3) are located in certain places (in the area of the pubis, inguinal folds, armpits, anus, labia majora); 4) have a wide end section; 5) their excretory duct opens together with the duct of the sebaceous glands into the hair funnel; 6) allocate a secret according to the apocrine type; 7) the secret contains more organic substances, so it has a stronger odor; 8) the cytoplasm of sudoriferocytes is stained oxyphilically, does not contain alkaline phosphatase.

Functions of sweat glands: 1) participation in water-salt metabolism; 2) excretion of products of nitrogen metabolism, therefore, to some extent, they replace the function of the kidneys; 3) participation in thermoregulation.

Sebaceous glands. They are located near the hair root, with the exception of the outer zone of the transitional part of the lip, glans penis, labia minora and nipples of the mammary glands. The sebaceous glands finally develop at the onset of puberty, they are simple branched alveolar glands, they secrete a secret according to the holocrine type. Terminal sections include undifferentiated, differentiating and necrotic (collapsing) cells. Undifferentiated cells lie on the basement membrane and are capable of mitotic division. Part of the daughter cells turns into differentiating cells, on the smooth ER of which lipids are synthesized. As lipids are synthesized and accumulated, differentiating cells move towards the excretory duct. Here they are destroyed under the influence of their own lysosomal enzymes and turn into a secret - fat. The excretory duct of the sebaceous gland is short, lined with stratified squamous epithelium, and opens into the hair funnel.

The functional significance of the sebaceous glands. During the day, the human sebaceous glands secrete about 20 g of fat, which softens the skin, facilitates the friction of contacting surfaces: when fat is broken down, fatty acids are formed that can kill microorganisms.

sweat glands are found in large numbers on the skin of the palms and soles, forehead. They are not on the red border of the lips. The sweat glands are divided into eccrine and apocrine. During the functioning of the eccrine glands, the secretory cells remain intact, while during the secretion of the apocrine glands, partial cell death occurs. Apocrine glands are larger in size, there are many of them in the armpits, in the genital area, inguinal folds, anus, around the nipples. Sweat glands are tubular glands, their secretory part is located in the skin itself and subcutaneous adipose tissue in the form of glomeruli. The excretory ducts, twisting in a corkscrew shape in the epidermis, open into stratum corneum sweaty sometimes. They are unevenly distributed in the skin. There are especially many of them in the face, palms, feet, in the axillary and inguinal areas, in the folds under the mammary glands, in the chest, back. sweating plays big role in thermoregulation. Sweating and evaporation occur continuously at any temperature. Daily at average temperature air a person loses about 800 ml of sweat.

If the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than body temperature, the amount of sweat produced increases significantly. For example, in hot countries, a person emits more than 4 liters of sweat, and with intense physical work, sweating increases to 6-10 liters. The process of perspiration is also affected by air humidity. The higher it is, the more sweat is released. Air-tight clothing increases perspiration and can lead to overheating of the body.

Nurse by cosmetic procedures you also need to know that applying makeup (make-up) on the face in the summer, hiking, dancing and other active events is not recommended, as sweating increases, sweat drops roll off the face, and with them the paint.

Despite the importance of sweating for the human body, increased sweating can cause discomfort. Excess sweat is sometimes noted throughout the body or selectively - in the area of the palms or feet, armpits, in the face, head. This condition is called "hyperhidrosis". Nurses suffering from hyperhidrosis of the palms cannot work in beauty parlors.