Is it possible to have a medical termination of pregnancy? What pills can you take for a medical abortion, and how does this process work? What are the main advantages of medical abortion over surgical abortion?

Abortion by pills or as it is also called medical abortion(pharmabort) is the termination of pregnancy with the help of special medications, in particular mifegin tablets. Medical termination of pregnancy is great alternative surgical method. Medical termination of pregnancy (abortion with mifegin tablets) is highly effective, it reaches 95-98% when abortion is performed with tablets in the early stages (max. 63 days from the first day of the last menstruation or up to 8 weeks of pregnancy). Medical termination of pregnancy can be used for more later, but its effectiveness will be lower.

Our article will tell you how it happens drug interruption . Abortion, or as it is also called medical abortion (pharmabort), is the termination of pregnancy with the help of special medications, in particular mifegin tablets. Medical termination of pregnancy is an excellent alternative to surgery. Medical termination of pregnancy with mifegin significantly reduces the risk of various complications that are not uncommon with surgical intervention, it has a milder effect on the body, and in a psychological sense, the medical termination of pregnancy with mifegin is much easier to tolerate. Abortion with Mifegin tablets or medical termination of pregnancy with Mifegin is widely used not only in Russia, but also abroad. Medical termination of pregnancy or abortion with mifegin tablets is comparatively new method, but it has already proven its effectiveness. And due to the fact that abortion with Mifegin tablets has a very gentle effect on the female body, in some cases this method of medical termination of pregnancy is the only possible option.
Medical termination of pregnancy (abortion with mifegin tablets) is highly effective, it reaches 95-98% when abortion is performed with tablets in the early stages (max. 63 days from the first day of the last menstruation or up to 8). Medical termination of pregnancy can be used at a later stage, but its effectiveness will be lower. An unsuccessful result during an abortion with pills, in this case, is possible in 2-5% and depends on many factors, mainly on the state of health of the woman, her health. Therefore, when carrying out a medical abortion, it is important to undergo a full examination and tests. Abortion with pills is completely safe for, unlike surgical intervention, medical termination of pregnancy does not injure the mucous membrane and does not cause negative impact on a woman's reproductive function.

Abortion with pills is carried out using the drug Mifegin, the effect of which is to reject the fertilized egg. That medical interruption Pregnancy with mifegin is safe, as evidenced by the fact that after an abortion with pills, the possibility of fertilization is restored in the first menstrual cycle.

Medical termination of pregnancy

Any termination of pregnancy, including medical termination of pregnancy, can cause complications. Therefore, you should not insist on medical termination of pregnancy if the gynecologist recommends another method for you, because medical termination of pregnancy has its own indications and contraindications.

Why is abortion harmful?

During an abortion, there are two types of effects on a woman’s body: mechanical and hormonal. Mechanical effects during abortion (dilation of the cervix and curettage of the cavity) can always lead to damage, which is then very difficult to correct (and sometimes cannot be corrected at all). But the hormonal effect does not leave its mark on the body - such disorders are also difficult for a woman, despite the fact that enough drugs have now been developed to restore normal hormonal levels.

Medical termination of pregnancy: benefits

Medical termination of pregnancy allows you to terminate a pregnancy at very early stages of pregnancy, so hormonal stress on the body is minimal; Medical abortion is most effective for periods up to 4 weeks, when ovum still weakly attached to the uterus and strong hormonal changes in a woman's body
can be used immediately after pregnancy detection,
does not require anesthesia and gross surgical intervention,
eliminates the risk of complications such as infection, adhesions, trauma to the uterine cavity, development of endometritis,
the risk of anesthetic complications is eliminated,
the risk of developing secondary infertility is excluded,
there is no risk of contracting viral infections (hepatitis, HIV),
allows you to avoid the problem of Rh conflict between mother and fetus in Rhesus- negative women,
practically no different from heavy menstruation and is psychologically perceived as natural process,
does not require hospitalization,
psychologically easier to bear.

Medical termination of pregnancy: what happens in a woman’s body

As a result of blocking progesterone, the capillaries in the uterine lining are destroyed and it is rejected. In addition, as a result of the effects of mifepristone, there is an increase in the concentration of special substances - prostaglandins, which cause contractions of the uterus, contribute to the termination of pregnancy and the separation of the fertilized egg, as well as the softening and expulsion of the fertilized egg. To enhance the effect of mifepristone (increase uterine contractility), prostaglandins are additionally administered 36-48 hours after taking mifepristone.

Medical termination of pregnancy: cost

The cost of medical abortion is higher than a conventional abortion. This is due to the high price of drugs for medical abortion. The cost also depends on which brand of drug you choose.
Medical termination of pregnancy: indications

medical termination of pregnancy up to 6 weeks;
emergency contraception as a warning unwanted pregnancy after “unprotected” sexual intercourse.

Contraindications to medical abortion

Medical termination of pregnancy: contraindications

Inflammatory diseases genitals;

Irregular menstrual cycle;

Uterine fibroids, endometriosis;

Suspicion of ectopic pregnancy;

The presence of scars on the uterus;

Anemia (anemia);

Serious illnesses internal organs(renal, hepatic and adrenal insufficiency, severe diseases of cardio-vascular system, bronchial asthma, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc.);

Age under 18 and after 35 years and smoking;

Long-term therapy with corticosteroids and drugs that reduce blood clotting (anticoagulants).

Medical termination of pregnancy: preparation

First carried out full examination patients for exclusion possible contraindications which includes:

Examination by a gynecologist;

Taking a smear to the degree of frequency;

For syphilis (RW) and HIV;

Ultrasonography.

After the examination and exclusion of contraindications, the woman is explained the essence of the method, how it will be carried out and possible complications.

How is medical abortion performed?

At an appointment with a gynecologist, a woman takes mifepristone tablets and is observed for one to two hours, after which she goes home, and after a few hours she develops minor bloody issues.

After two days, the woman comes back for an appointment and undergoes an ultrasound to determine whether the fertilized egg has been removed. If it does not go away, then she takes prostaglandin tablets. This time she is under observation for about 4 hours, then also goes home. After taking prostaglandin, bleeding becomes more abundant and resembles normal menstruation. They can continue for about 10-12 days.

After 12-14 days it is carried out ultrasonography to check whether the fertilized egg has been completely removed.

Medical termination of pregnancy: complications

After taking mifepristone, you may experience discomfort, weakness, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fever. All this usually goes away on its own.

During the egg separation process, severe pain and bleeding may occur. If the bleeding is severe and started at home, then you need to call an ambulance.

Sometimes an incomplete abortion occurs, in which case the remaining fetal egg is removed instrumentally (vacuum aspiration or curettage).

Medical termination of pregnancy excludes mechanical damage uterus, but does not exclude the possibility of developing functional disorders caused by changes in hormonal levels.

Medical termination of pregnancy in the early stages is a good remedy, but you must always remember that there are no absolutely safe abortions.

Medical termination of pregnancy: effectiveness.
The effectiveness of medical abortion depends on the duration of pregnancy and is:

98% - within 2-3 weeks,
93% - at 5 weeks,
89% at 6 weeks.

Precautions after medical termination of pregnancy.

Be physically active for two weeks.
Protect yourself from hypothermia and do not put your health at risk, minimize the likelihood of contracting acute respiratory infections, and eliminate stress.


Convert Special attention for personal hygiene - necessary frequent change underwear, For intimate hygiene use a weak solution of potassium permanganate.


It is advisable not to have sex for at least 14 days after medical termination of pregnancy, and then consult with a doctor on the individual selection of contraceptives.

Violation of these rules can lead to serious complications.

Medical termination of pregnancy: adverse reactions

dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea),
weakness, dizziness, headache,
promotion body temperature,
abdominal pain,

The majority of patients (85%) do not have any complaints.

Rehabilitation after medical termination of pregnancy.

After medical termination of pregnancy, the patient should be under medical supervision for at least 3 menstrual cycles to assess the restoration of menstrual function and select a contraceptive method.

Medical abortion (medical termination of pregnancy)

Medical abortion has undergone numerous clinical trials in more than 20 countries.
Indications

The indication for medical termination of pregnancy is early intrauterine pregnancy (up to 5 weeks inclusive), confirmed by ultrasound data.

Advantages of medical abortion:

high efficacy, safety and acceptability;
no risk associated with anesthesia (pain relief);
no risk associated with surgery;
reducing the risk of developing an ascending infection;
eliminating the risk of transmission of HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, etc.;
the risk of anesthetic complications is eliminated;
absence of psycho-emotional trauma arising from surgical abortion(this is especially true when terminating the first pregnancy);
no adverse effect on reproductive function;
no need for hospitalization;
giving a woman the right to independently choose a method, high satisfaction with the method.

Medical abortion - Mifegin

How does medical abortion occur?

The action of mifepristone leads to detachment of the fertilized egg and its expulsion from the uterine cavity. According to world statistics, the effectiveness of medical abortion using mifepristone ranges from 95 to 98.21%. There are other drugs (Russian and Chinese) approved for use in Russia for medical abortion, but mifepristone, produced in France, is considered the best.

Medical abortion - mifepristone Medical abortion - mifepristone (structure)
Of course, like any method or means, this method of termination of pregnancy has its contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to mifepristone
Chronic adrenal insufficiency
Long-term glucocorticosteroid therapy
Hemorrhagic disorders (increased bleeding) and treatment with anticoagulants
Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs
Uterine fibroids
The presence of severe forms of extragenital pathology.

Suspicion of ectopic pregnancy
Pregnancy that occurred during the use of intrauterine contraception or after discontinuation of hormonal contraception
Presence of scars on the uterus.

Precautions after pharm. abortion

Protect yourself from hypothermia and do not put your health at risk, minimize the likelihood of contracting acute respiratory infections, and eliminate stress.
Eliminate heavy physical exercise in two weeks.
Check body temperature daily.
Prevent constipation, ensure timely bowel movements Bladder and intestines.
You cannot take a bath, douche, swim in a pool, river, etc. in two weeks. You are allowed to take a warm shower.
Use contraceptives during sexual intercourse before the onset of menstruation.
It is advisable not to have sex for at least 14 days after the termination procedure, and then consult a doctor on the individual selection of contraceptives.
You can take any medications only after consulting a doctor.

If the temperature rises or severe pain and plentiful bleeding You should consult a doctor without delay
Violation of these rules can lead to serious complications

Complications

When performing a medical abortion, complications are very rare, much less common than with any other method of terminating a pregnancy. But the following side effects are possible:

Dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea);
weakness, dizziness, headache;
increased body temperature;
abdominal pain;
profuse bleeding from the genital tract.

Let's dispel fears:

1) Women who smoke do not have to worry - smoking does not in any way affect the possibility of having a medical abortion. But if you are over 35 years old and have cardiovascular problems, then it is better to abstain. To be more precise, a medical abortion can or cannot be performed by a doctor only after an examination.
2) Many people are afraid of pain - it is no more than during normal periods.
3) Medical termination of pregnancy in no case leads to infertility.
4) There is no need to immobilize (bed rest), on the contrary, moderate movement or even easy job to speed up the expulsion of the fetus.

If you nevertheless decide to have an abortion at early stage pregnancy, and you have a question about where it will be held, do not lose precious time in search of the best (optimal) option - it is before your eyes. In our medical center You will be able to have an abortion (termination of pregnancy) with the highest possible efficiency for you.

Requirements and contraindications

For any woman who decides to undergo an abortion procedure, there is a compelling reason.

For some, pregnancy is unwanted, for others it is medical indications for medical abortion.
In principle, there are quite a lot of contraindications to medical abortion.
So, first of all, these can be diseases of various genital organs, which include fibroids, endometriosis, etc. There are also hormonal disorders and diseases of the liver, kidneys, cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory systems. There are age restrictions - from eighteen to thirty-five years. The list, as you can see, is quite extensive.

“What happens after a pharmaceutical abortion? Is it possible to get pregnant again? The likelihood of pregnancy after medical abortion remains the same, as most studies show.

Pregnancy can also occur already during the first ovulation after a pharmacist abortion. How better person understands what a medical abortion actually is, what the contraindications are and what complications are possible, the better everything will go. According to statistics, the majority of women were satisfied with the procedure of medical termination of pregnancy, and would agree to it again if necessary.

Abortion procedure

How does medical abortion occur?

First, you need to be examined by a gynecologist and pass all the required tests. On at this stage Various contraindications to such an abortion may be identified.
If there are no contraindications, then the supervising doctor asks her to take a mifepristone tablet.

She can go home in a couple of hours. After a few hours, bloody discharge appears.

After 2 days, you need to visit the gynecologist again, who will confirm the embryo rejection. In most cases, it is confirmed, and then the doctor asks the woman to take a pill with prostaglandins, which will just help hatch the embryo.
After a few more weeks, you need to undergo an ultrasound to make sure the abortion was successful.

Consequences after medical abortion

Tablet abortion must be performed only under the supervision of a doctor. Most often it is accompanied by abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness and nausea. All this is quite safe.

But there are more serious complications, such as bleeding or incomplete abortion, in which medical intervention is required. Abortion with pills will be useless if, therefore, you should undergo an examination before taking the drugs.

Medical abortion is the termination of pregnancy using medications, without gynecological intervention. It is carried out at the request of the woman, for a fee, according to the accepted scheme and only in clinics licensed to carry out this procedure. There are quite a lot of these in Russia now.

When is the procedure possible?

Until what period a medical abortion is performed is described in official medical documents- this is 6 weeks, in Russia. Moreover, the period is calculated from the first day of the last menstruation.

Specifically, no more than 4 weeks should pass from the day of conception (usually ovulation). This is 2 weeks of missed period. But the sooner the procedure is performed, the greater the chances of success.

How to find out early that pregnancy has occurred? You can take a blood test for hCG 1-5 days before the start of your missed period. Or do home test, but always with high sensitivity. There are test strips that show the correct result even 5 days before the start of a missed period. Moreover, their cost is low, about 50 rubles.

However, be prepared for the fact that before the start of a delay in menstruation, even if hCG level confirms that you are pregnant, no one will perform an abortion on you. Neither medicinal nor surgical. It is necessary for an ultrasound to confirm the presence of a fertilized egg in the uterus. And before the delay begins, he is not yet visible there.

How to terminate a pregnancy using pills and its disadvantages

A woman needs to find a clinic where this procedure and make an appointment with a gynecologist. After confirmation intrauterine pregnancy and the appropriate time for the procedure, he will tell you how a medical abortion works in the early stages and issue an information consent, which the patient must sign.

Next, she will be given a drug that she must take in the presence of a doctor. It is advisable to stay in the clinic for a couple of hours after this, but in practice women are usually quickly sent home, since the medicine is well tolerated and rarely produces side effects. These medical abortion pills are called Mifepristone. After taking them, a very small number of women immediately experience a miscarriage. For the majority, the state of health does not change. But spotting, bloody discharge from the vagina may appear.

After 36-48 hours, the woman should take another drug - Misoprostol. Again, according to standards, this should happen in a clinic, under the supervision of a doctor. And after taking this medicine, after 20-30 minutes severe cramping pain and bleeding begin. At this time, the woman must be in the clinic. If she vomits, that's one of the side effects Misoprostol - you may need to take additional medication. Usually within the next 2-3 hours the fertilized egg comes out. True, you may not notice it, since there will be a lot of clots. As soon as the pain subsides a little, the woman is allowed to go home.

After 7-10 days, it is necessary to do an ultrasound to make sure that there are no complications during termination of pregnancy in the early stages, and they consist primarily of incomplete miscarriage. If particles of the fertilized egg remain or it continues to develop, vacuum aspiration is suggested. Even if the woman has already decided to leave the child. The fact is that due to the use of Misoprostol and the severe spasms that it causes, the child develops numerous developmental defects, such as defects of the skull, foot (horsefoot), etc. And that’s not all possible consequences medical abortion. A common complication severe and prolonged bleeding occurs. By the way, this complication after vacuum aspiration it is observed much less frequently. The woman is forced to take hemostatic drugs. This all limits her ability to work.

Medical abortion also has contraindications:

• ectopic pregnancy;
• allergic reaction;
• long-term use of glucocorticoids;
• adrenal, liver and kidney failure and some others. For example, a doctor may refuse this service if a woman has a large myomatous intramuscular node, since active contractions of the uterus that occur after taking Misoprostol can lead to tumor necrosis.

Cycle restoration, sex life, contraception and new pregnancy

Discharge after a medical abortion lasts about 10-14 days, more than during normal menstruation, or even after surgical termination pregnancy. At the same time, it is possible to determine whether the uterus is completely cleared of membranes only by ultrasound results. If yes, the menstrual cycle will return quickly. Thus, menstruation after a medical abortion in the early stages usually begins within 28-35 days. However, ovulation may already be in the middle of this cycle, so it is very important to immediately start using reliable contraception. Many people are also interested in when they can have sex after a medical abortion, and after how many days. Doctors recommend only after the discharge has completely stopped, that is, after 10-14 days. But we will focus on the issue of contraception.

Modern doctors recommend for women living with one regular sexual partner an intrauterine system (IUD) or oral contraceptives ( hormonal pills). In this case, the spiral can be installed directly on the days of bleeding after an abortion. The main thing is that by that time there are no membranes left in the uterus. That is, you need to do an ultrasound, and if everything is fine, you can talk to your doctor about which intrauterine system you need would be better suited, buy and install it. Intrauterine systems are installed in last days menstruation, when the cervical canal is slightly open to make the procedure easier and more painless.

Oral contraceptives can be started in the first 5 days after a miscarriage. Strictly according to the instructions. Then the contraceptive effect will be good and will occur quickly (how quickly depends on the day of the cycle on which you started taking the drug). In addition, hormonal contraceptives will help restore hormonal background. Doctors often prescribe them to be taken after an abortion for at least three months, and even before planning a pregnancy, if there are no contraindications to the pills.

Is it possible to terminate a pregnancy in this way on your own without seeing a doctor?

Many women are not entirely satisfied with this option of abortion. Expensive... And again, you need to go to the doctors. Therefore, they try to independently purchase drugs that, in their opinion, should “help.” Since the drugs necessary for medical abortion are not available on the market, they buy what is available. And this is Oxytocin. It is sometimes used for incomplete abortion or to intensify labor contractions. But in early pregnancy, this drug alone will not help. It will only lead to very painful contractions of the uterus, possibly bleeding. But it is very unlikely that a miscarriage will occur, especially a complete one. And the remains of membranes in the uterus are a direct threat of blood poisoning.

For this reason, in order to avoid serious complications, you should not induce a miscarriage yourself at any time.

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Life circumstances often don’t turn out the way we want and dictate own terms. Sometimes pregnancy is unwanted or contraindicated for health reasons. In such a situation, there is only one way out - abortion.

In the early stages of pregnancy, doctors often use medical abortion, which is considered the safest for a woman’s health. In the article we will talk about how true this information is, and what consequences the use of abortion pills may have.

Now let's look at this in more detail.

Drugs used for early abortion

The first drugs for medical abortion were invented in France at the beginning of the last century; today the country remains one of the main leaders in the production of drugs for abortion. Medical abortion is always carried out under the close supervision of the attending physician; independent use of drugs can be dangerous to the woman’s health and lead to infertility. Please note that medical abortion is allowed at the earliest stages - up to 41 days from the start of the last menstruation. After this, other methods of abortion are used.

The main advantages of medical abortion are:

• Minimal risk of infertility. The drugs, unlike curettage, do not injure the uterine mucosa, so the risk of developing infertility is significantly reduced.
• No complications. Surgical methods termination of pregnancy is often fraught with the development of inflammatory processes and injuries to the cervix, and with a medical abortion the likelihood of complications is minimal.
• Outpatient mode. At medicinal method Hospitalization of the patient in a hospital is not required. Reception hormonal drugs leads to the fact that the embryo dies, the uterus contracts and the fetus is expelled. The body recovers quickly after such a procedure, and the very next day the woman can return to her normal lifestyle.

Medicines used for medical termination of pregnancy are not available for free sale; they can only be purchased as prescribed by a doctor. The drugs are based on antigestagens, also called antiprogestins - this is a group of biologically active substances that suppress the action of natural gestagens at the receptor level. necessary for and ensure its vital functions, suppressing it with special tablets, the woman stimulates the rejection and death of the embryo.

The most popular antiprogestin on this moment Mifegin or mifepristone is considered, which is used in a dosage of 600 mg once (3 tablets), the drug is effective for three days. 36-48 hours after taking antiprogestins, prostaglandins are prescribed, for example, at a dosage of 400 mg. (2 tablets). While taking medications, a woman should be under the supervision of a doctor.

The list of drugs for medical abortion looks like this:

• Mifepristone
• Mifeprex
• Mytholian
• Pencrofton
• Mifegin
• Misoprostol

The active ingredient in all tablets is mifepristone; they differ from each other by manufacturer, and, accordingly, by quality and effectiveness.

Spontaneous miscarriage occurs within a week after taking the pills. The doctor monitors the completeness of the miscarriage using ultrasound. The cost of abortion drugs depends on the manufacturer, for example, the Russian drug Mifepristone is cheaper than the French Mifegin or the Chinese Mifepristone 72. On average, the price of these drugs ranges from 1,000 to 5,000 rubles. Every woman who decides to have a medical abortion must understand that unauthorized use of drugs can cause serious side effects, therefore self-medication is recommended. in this case ineffective.

Scheme of implementation

Medical termination of pregnancy is not as simple a process as many may think. In fact, it is carried out in several stages and requires careful preparation.

1. Survey. First of all, the doctor must conduct an examination, including gynecological examination and ultrasound to establish exact date pregnancy. Before carrying out the procedure, the doctor must make sure that the woman has no contraindications to the use of pills. The patient is introduced to the principle of operation of medications and the technique of performing an abortion; she must clearly understand the features and side effects of the procedure. After this, a written agreement to carry out the manipulation is signed.
2. Main stage. First, the woman, under the supervision of a doctor, takes pills that cause the embryo to be rejected and prepare the uterus to expel it. For several hours after the procedure, the woman is on day hospital and if there are no side effects, the patient is sent home.
3. Completion. After 1.5-2 days, the next drug is taken, which starts the process of expulsion of the fertilized egg. The woman is under medical supervision for two hours after taking the pills.

Definition of effectiveness

36-48 hours after the procedure, the doctor performs a control ultrasound to ensure that there is no stagnation of blood in the uterus. After two weeks, it is necessary to undergo a re-examination by a gynecologist and do an ultrasound again to ensure the success of the procedure and to exclude incomplete expulsion of the fertilized egg from the uterus. In this case, the woman is prescribed manual curettage.

Possibility of ineffectiveness of the procedure

Each country sets its own time frame for allowing medical abortion, but you should understand that the higher the period at which an abortion is performed, the higher the likelihood that you will have to have a second cleanse. In the USA, medical abortion is allowed up to 7 weeks; in Britain there are no such clear restrictions; different rules, in some cases you can do it up to 8 weeks, sometimes up to 9-13 and even up to 24 weeks.

In Russia, it is believed that medical abortion is optimally done before the 6th week, sometimes up to the 9th week is allowed, but most doctors do not want to take on such responsibility. According to them, late medical abortion can cause serious side effects, such as bleeding or inflammatory process in the uterus, caused by the remains of the placenta. Therefore, at a later date, additional cleaning is carried out in mandatory. It turns out that what formerly a woman consult a gynecologist, the higher the effectiveness of medical abortion, and the more longer term, the lower the effectiveness of the procedure and the greater the likelihood of complications.

With the first abortion, the risk of incomplete termination of pregnancy is higher. You can see this on a control ultrasound. As the gestational age increases, the possibility of maintaining the pregnancy increases; this can be monitored at a follow-up examination 1.5 - 2 weeks after the abortion. In general, studies show that partial removal of the ovum occurs in 3%-5% of cases, and continuation of pregnancy occurs in no more than 1% of cases of the total number of medical abortions.

Contraindications and side effects

As with any medical procedure, complications may arise with a medical abortion. They are quite rare, but every woman should know consequences of the procedure:

• Continuation of pregnancy. In 1%-2% of cases, termination of pregnancy may not occur.
• Strong.
• Heavy uterine bleeding. It may develop due to incomplete removal of the fertilized egg.
• Fever, chills, weakness.
• Nausea,. In such cases, the doctor may decide to re-use the medicine.
• Exacerbation of chronic diseases of the genitourinary system.
• Hormonal disbalance.
• Inflammation of the uterus and appendages. Sometimes it occurs due to the spread of infection from the genitourinary tract. At the same time, the temperature rises, the stomach hurts severely, and discharge appears.
• Problems with uterine restoration, for example, hematometra (blood in the uterus) or subinvolution in the uterus (slowing the recovery of the organ). Problems with the cycle and abdominal pain appear.
• Prolonged bleeding, which can last up to 2 weeks, is associated with hormonal imbalance. Approximately 3%-5% of women experience a cycle disorder after a pill abortion; with a regular abortion, the percentage rises to 12%-15%. The cause of this phenomenon is considered to be neuroendocrine disorders due to impaired ability of the endometrium to recover. In women who have given birth, the cycle is restored within 4 months, in nulliparous women - six months.

There are certain contraindications for medical abortion, so the woman must first be examined by a gynecologist. Doctors note situations when a woman takes pills on her own, after which life-threatening complications arise. For example, it passes in the same way as a normal one, but in this case, medical abortion is contraindicated. Taking pills can cause rupture fallopian tube and death or, in best case scenario, infertility. Below Let's highlight the main contraindications to medical abortion you should know about:

• or suspicions about her.
• Renal and adrenal failure.
• Diseases associated with blood clotting disorders.
• Inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system.
• Uterine fibroids.
• Long-term use of corticosteroids.

Failure to comply with contraindications often leads to unpredictable consequences and can be fatal, so before starting the procedure, undergo a full examination by a qualified gynecologist and read the information about medical abortion.

Negative consequences

At such an early stage, the woman makes the decision to terminate the pregnancy independently. As experience shows, most often the grounds for abortion are:

Before making a decision, think carefully about the consequences and about the life of the unborn baby. Pregnancy triggers certain mechanisms in a woman’s body and completely changes hormonal levels. Artificial interruption pregnancy does not go unnoticed, it is a serious stress for the body, so the reverse restructuring of all processes may slow down or occur with complications that will have to be treated.

Most women experience irregular cycles after an abortion, and their periods are irregular and painful. This is usually the first sign that more serious problems. Another common complication is uterine bleeding. If it is not stopped in time, it can be fatal. Often women experience malfunctions, the load on the adrenal glands increases, and this disrupts metabolism. The production decreases, the amount of male hormone increases, which stimulates the development of infertility and affects appearance women.

The breast reacts almost immediately to the occurrence of pregnancy, so after an abortion it is the first to suffer - tumors and neoplasms may appear. After an abortion, nulliparous women are at double the risk of developing infertility. Studies have shown that three out of ten women who have an abortion are subsequently unable to have children.

The medical consequences of the procedure may be irreversible, so later, when the desire to have children appears, not everyone will be able to get pregnant - there is always a risk of developing secondary infertility. Any medical intervention, even the most seemingly harmless one, can have side effects, even death. Therefore, do not joke with your health - it is preferable to carry out competent prevention of unwanted pregnancy, so that later you do not have to solve the issue with drastic methods.

The service is not provided at the clinic

Absolutely safe ways Termination of untimely pregnancy does not exist in nature, however, the risk of complications can be minimized by medical abortion.

The apparent simplicity of this procedure, the absence of the need for surgery and anesthesia makes many women believe that a medical abortion can be performed independently, without resorting to medical care. However, is this so?

Medical abortion at home - is it possible?

Answer to this question- No. Medical abortion is not a 100% guarantee of the absence of complications; if they occur, only a doctor can provide the patient with competent assistance.

What complications are possible?

Despite the fact that medical abortion is indeed currently the least dangerous means termination of pregnancy, the danger still exists.

• Cases heavy bleeding as a result of medical abortion are quite rare, but still possible;
• Approximately 3% of women are at risk of not completing a pregnancy termination. IN similar situations Gynecologists use the vacuum aspiration method;
• In some cases, the fetus is expelled within a week (this period may be longer), several visits to the doctor will be required;
• The drugs can produce by-effect, which manifests itself in the form of diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea.

Are there any contraindications?

Yes, there are a number of contraindications to medical abortion, which is an additional argument in favor of entrusting this procedure to a gynecologist. Only a doctor can exclude the presence of contraindications or identify them:

• pathology of the adrenal glands;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• taking corticosteroids;
• severe asthma;
• allergic reactions on the elements contained in the drug;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• porphyria;
• renal failure;
• mechanical means contraception.

How to prepare for a medical abortion

Before undergoing medical abortion, the patient must undergo a thorough examination. To do this, you need to go to see a gynecologist. The examination includes:

• examination on a chair;
• determination of blood group;
• Ultrasound of the pelvis;
• Rh factor;
• blood test for hCG;
• flora smear (taken from the cervical canal);
• tests for hepatitis C, B, RW and HIV.

After a medical abortion

For two hours after this procedure, the patient should remain under the supervision of medical staff. 10 days after taking the pills, you must undergo a gynecological ultrasound examination after termination of pregnancy. It is also necessary to conduct a full gynecological examination 10 days after termination of pregnancy. This will make sure that the fetus is completely out of the uterus. Of course, if there is bleeding or other signs of complications, you should contact a gynecologist immediately.

Medical abortion, which is performed up to 6-7 weeks, is considered less traumatic for the female body. This method of terminating a pregnancy is considered quite effective - the result reaches up to 97%, unless, of course, you do “self-medication” and follow all the doctor’s recommendations. Some women complain that pills do not work for medical abortion, let's figure out why this happens.

The essence of medical abortion

A woman planning to terminate a pregnancy medically needs to know how this abortion is performed.

For a period of up to 6 weeks, the woman alternately - with an interval of 1-2 days - takes Mifepristone and Misoprostol tablets (their analogues can be used).

• The first ones suspend production in female body the hormone progesterone, without which further development of pregnancy is impossible - the embryo simply dies as a result of the action of Mifepristone.
• The latter contribute to the fact that the uterus rejects the frozen fertilized egg - it is excreted along with secretions within a few days from the moment of taking the first tablet (in different women this period is individual).

Thus, medical abortion is an artificially induced miscarriage. With a correctly performed abortion, mechanical impact on the cervix and the uterus itself is eliminated, which is what makes this method the safest for women, especially nulliparous women.

However, it also happens that the pills do not work as expected. The results of this:

• the fertilized egg is partially removed, so the gynecologist resorts to curettage of the uterus;
• the pregnancy continues, but in this case it is undesirable to leave the child, since taking the drugs will negatively affect its further development.

To prevent this from happening, you should strictly follow the technology.

Why don't abortion pills work as they should?

The first thing a woman who has decided on such a method of getting rid of pregnancy should remember is that a medical abortion should be carried out with the approval of a gynecologist and under his close supervision. It is very important to follow the sequence of actions and dosage.

To understand why the abortion didn’t work, let’s compare what a doctor does in a gynecology department and how a medical abortion works at home.

Preparing for an abortion:

• Initially, the specialist will conduct an ultrasound and determine the duration of pregnancy, study the medical history and assess the general health of the patient - the latter is important, since medical abortion has contraindications. It is also important to make sure that the pregnancy is not ectopic, since in this case, medical abortion is not acceptable.
• At home.The woman independently calculates the duration of her pregnancy. Most often this is done incorrectly. Some people run the risk of taking abortifacient pills for an unacceptable period of time. It is also impossible to determine an ectopic pregnancy on your own at home. If you take pills for an ectopic pregnancy, there will be no abortion.

Important! The possibility of an allergy to the components included in the tablets should be excluded, as this can lead to negative result. The same applies to the presence of an intrauterine device - it must be removed before a medical abortion.

Calculation of the dose of drugs for abortion:

• In the clinic.The gynecologist accurately calculates the dosage and always dispenses two drugs. The dose (200 mg or more) is selected individually, mainly depending on the stage of pregnancy. The woman drinks the first tablet in the presence of a gynecologist, who monitors her condition for a couple of hours (during this time the woman will have to feel changes in her body indicating that the drug has begun to act, and tell the doctor about them). Then the woman goes home. The second tablet is taken after a day or two - this, again, is determined by the doctor. It causes the uterus to contract, and the fertilized egg comes out along with the discharge.
• At home.The woman takes as many tablets as recommended in the instructions. The second drug is not sold in pharmacies, so the chance that an abortion will take place is no higher than 20%. And an overdose ends in hospital.

After an abortion:

• In the clinic.If after a certain time the miscarriage does not occur, the doctor takes other measures. A control ultrasound after an abortion is also required - the gynecologist will make sure that everything went well and the uterus is completely clean.
• At home. If the abortion does not occur, the woman will know about it only when the fetus begins to move. It will be too late to do anything.

Important! Under no circumstances should you induce it yourself - this is quite dangerous and can lead to bleeding. In such a case, as well as in case of deterioration general condition you should contact your doctor.

Why else might medications for medical abortion not work?

The pills may not work because the woman behaves incorrectly during a medical abortion. Thus, alcohol and nicotine significantly reduce, and sometimes completely stop, the effect of drugs. Therefore, while taking the pills, you need to completely give up bad habits.

Thus, despite the apparent simplicity and safety of medical abortion, you should not rely on the advice of women who once resorted to it in everyday conditions or who know about this method of terminating a pregnancy by hearsay. Only contacting a reputable clinic and a qualified specialist will guarantee that a medical abortion will take place as expected and without complications.