Otodectosis in a dog
Otodectosis or ear scabies- a chronic invasive disease caused by microscopic scabies mites.
In addition to dogs, ear scabies most often affects cats, ferrets and fur-bearing animals (Arctic fox, sable, mink, fox, rabbits). Humans do not become infected with carnivorous scabies.
An insect has five stages of development:
Otodectes cynotis under a microscope
The main cause of infection with ear scabies mite in a dog occurs through direct contact of sick animals with healthy ones, for example, while walking, when communicating with stray animals, which most often become a source of spread of the disease.
Inflammatory exudate, mite excrement, dead skin cells, dust and earwax mix and dry, forming brown scabs on the surface of the skin. Dried crusts accumulate in the lumen of the external auditory canal, contributing to blockage and the accumulation of inflammatory effusion in the auditory canal.
In such cases, perforation of the eardrum may occur, and inflammatory process, proceeds, as it continues, to the middle ear, and then to the dog’s inner ear.
In the most advanced cases, if left untreated, inflammation spreads to the membrane of the brain, meningitis develops, and the animal dies.
Of course, a veterinarian must make a final diagnosis of the animal. But according to some external manifestations and the symptoms of ear scabies, and the dog owners themselves can guess that she has otodectosis:
An animal scratches its ear or rubs it, oh various items. On the inner skin surface of the auricle, scratches appear, and on the outer surface, a crust forms at the base of the ear, from constant scratching
The dog shakes its head and holds its head tilted to the side towards the ear affected by mites
An accumulation of dirty brown crusts on the inside of the auricle and in the lumen of the external auditory canal.
In cases of complications, symptoms appear:
Don't rely on own strength. Self-treatment otodectosis, can lead to serious negative consequences for an animal.
Cleaning a Dog's Ears
IN initial stage When there are no symptoms of otitis, the disease is easily treated. For treatment, it is enough to destroy the ticks. For this purpose, insecticidal preparations are prescribed based on the same substances that are used in the treatment of skin scabies in animals.
The drugs used to treat otodectosis can be local, in the form of drops, sprays and ointments, or general, in the form of injections. The composition of drops and sprays used to treat otodectosis includes one of the insectoacaricidal agents as the main active ingredient.
In addition, the composition of the drugs may include anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, antiallergic and antiseptic drugs.
Drugs used to treat canine otodectosis:
Drops: “Bars”, “Otoferonol Gold”, “Oricin”, “Dekta”, etc.;
Sprays: “Ivermek”, “Akrozol”, etc.;
Ointments: sulfur-tar and birch tar;
Injectable drugs: Ivermec 1%, Otodectin.
Before using acaricidal agents, it is necessary to clean the ears as best as possible from accumulated scabs. To do this, they are moistened and softened with one of antiseptics(boric acid, hydrogen peroxide, furatsilin solution, ear lotions), preventing fluid from flowing into the ear canal.
Important: you need to remember that all insecticidal preparations are potent drugs and can be dangerous, not only for animals, but also for people. The use of otodectotic agents requires strict adherence to the order of application and dosage, according to the instructions and taking into account the weight of the animal.
Video on the topic
Cleaning a Dog's Ears
Infection with ear mites, medically called otodectosis, is one of the most frequent illnesses in dogs, it occurs in almost ninety percent of pets. It is dangerous because it is easily transmitted from a sick individual to a healthy one. If one pet in the house is infected, it is more likely that all the animals will soon become ill.
Otodectosis in a dog.
If they are not noticed and eliminated in time, they begin to spread throughout skin on the head, and then on the whole body. Externally, this can be determined by the fact that the animal is actively scratching its back and tail. These pests cause severe inflammation of the ears, itching and severe pain.
The risk group includes puppies under one year old.
The disease affects representatives of all breeds and at any age.
Due to the fragile immune system, more common in puppies and pets under one year of age . These mites live on a three-week cycle. They are very tenacious organisms and can live off their host for about two weeks. When they fall on an animal, they do not penetrate the thickness of the skin and do not feed on its blood.
Characteristic signs of ear mites in dogs
The first symptom to appear is strong feeling itching.
All symptoms of this disease can be classified as follows:
- scratches and skin irritations;
- sulfur is actively released;
- dark discharge, thick structure;
- unpleasant odor from infected parts of the skin;
- frequent scratching and head shaking;
- characteristic deep claw wounds around and inside the ears.
If these signs occur in your pet, it is recommended to immediately contact a veterinarian. Experts do not advise self-medication, because you can harm your health, as well as prolong and intensify the dog’s suffering. Untimely or poorly provided care leads to complications of the disease.
If there are signs of illness, you should consult a doctor.
Diagnostic features
If you suspect an infestation by a dangerous insect, consult your veterinarian immediately.
Ear mite.
It is worth noting that attempting to make a diagnosis on your own is very dangerous, because some of the symptoms are identical to other diseases. And the use of anti-tick medication arbitrarily can cause irreparable harm to the health of the animal.
For a specialist, diagnosing a pest is not difficult. Ticks are not microscopic in size and are clearly visible when examined with an otoscope. This tool magnifies and highlights the insect so it can be distinguished from other species and sulfur.
Contagiousness
A cat can become infected with ear mites from a dog.
This disease is very contagious, therefore, together with the carrier, the doctor must examine all domestic animals, not only dogs, but also cats. During the inspection, tests are taken and insects are taken for laboratory research. Based on the results obtained, treatment is prescribed.
Treating ear mites in dogs at home
You should clean your ear with a cotton swab dipped in herbal infusion.
Drops
Amit, Dekta, Tsipam, Otovedin, Aurikan.
Then you can start instilling the drug. It is important to treat both organs, even if symptoms appear in only one. Follow the dosage and treatment schedule prescribed by your veterinarian strictly. After dropping the medicine, gently massage the ears, distributing it evenly over the surface of the skin. Make sure that some of the drops get into the ear canal. If the course of treatment is not carried out correctly, there is a high risk of relapse. Therefore, follow the instructions.
Before the instillation procedure, you should wash your hands with soap.
This procedure will require strength and patience. . It's a good idea to ask for help loved one to hold your head. The procedure algorithm at home is as follows:
- wash your hands with soap;
- open the container with the drug;
- hold the animal’s head and the edge of the ear motionless;
- bury required quantity medications on the surface of the organ;
- Gently massage the ear, distributing the drug.
Traditional methods
Among the popular traditional methods To treat ticks, the medicinal plant tabebuia is isolated. It is also called Inca gold.
The drug is made from the inner bark of trees growing in South America. Its action is similar to that of antibiotics, but it is completely natural.
Effective in the treatment of inflammation is vitamin C. It has a stimulating effect on the adrenal glands, which produce natural steroids that reduce inflammation. Side effects vitamin may cause diarrhea. Therefore, you need to be careful with its dosage. If carryover occurs, reduce the dose.
Vitamin C is effective in treating inflammation.
Actions aimed at increasing immunity can speed up your pet's recovery process. Can be used vitamin complexes , and also introduce into the diet more vegetables and fruits. And also, provide the animal with peace of mind and care. comfortable conditions accommodation.
Prevention
The rules for tick prevention are simple and accessible to every owner. By performing them regularly, you can protect your pet from serious illness and prevent his suffering.
Attentive attitude to the dog is the prevention of disease.
Video about ear mites in dogs
Cases no self-recovery was observed when infected with ear mites, so you can’t count on everything going away on its own. Delayed treatment or non-compliance with doctor’s recommendations leads to the development of complications and the chronic phase.
Ear mites, using the powerful jaws of the chelicerae, destroy the surface of the epidermis and feed on secreted tissue fluid and lymph.
Otodectosis is divided into three stages:
Launched the disease leads to otitis media, inflammation and perforation of the eardrum, hearing loss. In severe cases it is required surgery. Hematomas and wounds in the area of the ears are not uncommon. In a chronic process, inflammation of the external auditory canal flows into the tissues of the middle and inner ear, and from there to the meninges. As a result, the dog may die from meningitis.
Ear mites in dogs
If the dog shakes its head or rubs against a surface, scratches its ears with its claws, which means you need to be prepared for an unpleasant diagnosis. Otodectosis should not be confused with ordinary ear inflammation, in which the ear discharge is not so large.
The basis for determining the disease are:
How Find out on your own at home if your dog is sick, if it is not possible to see a doctor? To do this, secretions are collected from the ears and placed on white sheet paper. With otodectosis visible dark blotches. These are waste products of ticks. If there is no inflammation and elevated temperature body, you can start treatment yourself.
First of all, a dog infected with a tick must be isolated from other animals during treatment until complete recovery. It is important to clean the ear very well and the ear canal, otherwise the mites will survive and the treatment will not produce results. Using a cotton swab soaked in chlorhesidine, thoroughly rinse both ears.
Anti-tick medications are used in strict accordance with the instructions. Treatment at home includes:
Means for treating ticks Available in the form of aerosols, ear drops, ointments. Veterinary pharmacies and pet stores have large assortment insectoacaricidal drugs that quickly relieve the symptoms of the disease.
Treatment of a complicated form is carried out with antimicrobial drugs of systemic properties. Such medications are administered to a sick dog subcutaneously or intramuscularly. However these agents are highly toxic Therefore, treatment should only be carried out under the supervision of a veterinarian. After the symptoms disappear, the ears are treated with acaricidal preparations for prevention.
When working with acicides comply with the means personal protection - the dog is treated in a ventilated room, making sure that the medicine does not get on the mucous membranes of the animal and humans.
The dog should not have contact with sick animals. It is necessary to ensure (especially in the summer at the dacha) that she is free-ranged as little as possible.
Before treatment, to prevent re-infection, all animals must be treated with acaricides- preparations to combat ticks in the form of powders and sprays for topical use. In pet stores you can buy shampoos with insectoacaricidal properties.
Disinsection (destruction of ticks) must be carried out in all places where the sick dog was.
Without treatment, the disease can develop into a chronic form and result in deafness or even death of the dog. For the treatment of otodectosis, special preparations have been developed that are easy to use at home. For an accurate diagnosis and prescription of medication, you must consult a veterinarian.
Large clusters of mites infest the insides of dogs' ears small breeds and cause them serious suffering:
It is impossible to diagnose otodectosis on your own, The dog must be taken to the veterinarian for inspection and analysis. Some symptoms of otodectosis are similar, for example, to otitis media. For correct diagnosis and prescription effective treatment scrapings of discharge from the auricle and examination with a microscope are necessary.
To treat ear mites, veterinary pharmacies offer a large arsenal of all kinds of drops and solutions for treating the ears of dogs. It is prohibited to use any drug to treat an animal without a doctor’s prescription.
A calm animal is picked up and placed on your lap. It is necessary to relax your pet, gently stroke the dog, and talk to him during the procedure. Restless dogs are wrapped in a thick blanket or blanket (since the procedure can be painful, the dog may struggle and defend itself).
Instructions for processing the auricle:
Some breeds of small dogs (for example, Yorkshire terriers) have the abundant hair growing there plucked from their ears before treatment with the drug.
A contraindication to the use of medications may be completely young age puppies (up to 2 months), dog pregnancy period (or feeding newborns breast milk). Some medicinal formulations are contraindicated for use in dogs of certain breeds. Customized options available allergic reactions on chemical composition means, it is necessary to carefully monitor the pet’s reaction after using the drops.
Important! Ear mites are transmitted from animal to animal. If there are several dogs (or cats that are also susceptible to otodectosis) living at home, treatment is carried out on all animals at once.
On the page, read the information on how to quickly and painlessly trim your dog’s nails at home.
In chronic form, ear mites lead to serious diseases:
The result of a negligent attitude towards the disease can be deafness of the animal and even death.
At the first symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to immediately take measures to treat the animal.
To combat otodectosis, there are now a lot of effective insectoacaricidal drugs. These are various drops and ointments with an acaricidal component. At the initial stage of development of the process, you can use all the drops that are used to kill fleas and ticks. Video - veterinarian recommendations on how and with what to treat ear mites in dogs:
Ear scabies (ear mites) a common disease, more common in cats, less common in dogs. Young, weakened and old animals are most susceptible to the disease. The disease is caused by ticks of the genus Otodectes, namely Otodectos cynotis.
It should be noted that otodectosis also occurs in pets that do not go outside.
. This situation may be caused by infection of young animals from their mother, through direct contact with other animals (especially stray ones), and transmission of the causative agent of otodectosis is possible from animal owners (shoes, clothes), subject to their contact with infected animals. Infection is also possible if you take your pet outdoors or to the countryside.
According to a number of scientists (Wall, R., Shearer, D., 2001), more than 85% of otitis (inflammation of the outer ear) in cats, and 50% in dogs, are caused by the presence of ear mites.
Ticks do not pose a particular danger to humans, but they can cause local allergic reactions.
The brightest clinical symptom diseases are:
1.
Presence of dark brown crusts in the auricle
(many owners mistakenly believe that this is dirt, dirty ears, and do not pay due attention to this sign).
2.
Appearance severe itching. The animal shakes its head, scratches its ears with its hind paws, and rubs against various objects.
. As a result, scratches, wounds and abrasions may appear.
3.
"Crooked-headedness" - the animal tilts its head to the side
the most affected ear.
The diagnosis is confirmed based on the direct detection of exudate from the animal’s ears in smears, with microscopic examination, ticks.
Today, there are a huge number of acaricidal drugs designed to combat ear mites. However, it should be taken into account that, as a rule, otodectosis is complicated by otitis, of a bacterial, and less often, fungal nature. Therefore, treatment is usually prescribed comprehensively.
The treatment regimen is usually as follows:
1. Thorough cleansing of the ears from scabs, crusts and exudate
2. Treatment with an acaricidal (anti-mite) drug. It should be noted that no matter what drug you choose, a single treatment will not be enough. It is important to treat both ears, even if only one is affected.
sometimes it is also necessary:
3. Treatment with antibacterial agents (and/or antifungal, if necessary)
4. Vitamin therapy (Gammavit, Multivit, etc.)
Sometimes complex preparations are used that have both anti-mite and antibacterial properties.
To clean the ears, you can use special lotions:
You can also use hydrogen peroxide, Sometimes it is recommended to use dioxidine solution:
It should be noted that no matter what drug you choose, a single treatment will not be enough .
Today there are a huge number of acaricidal (anti-tick) drugs, with different active ingredients and different prices.
Let's look at them in more detail:
Compound: aversectin C
Directions for use: The affected areas of the skin are washed and wiped dry. The ears are cleaned of crusts and scabs, and the hair is cut off. The ointment is applied with a spatula, stick or swab. After applying the ointment into the ear canal, fold the auricle in half lengthwise and massage the base.
Contraindications: animals with infectious diseases; emaciated animals; convalescent animals; pregnant and lactating animals; kittens and puppies under two months; animals with hypersensitivity to aversectin C and other components of aversectin ointment.
Price: 35-50 rub.
Compound: amitraz, prednisolone
Directions for use: clean the ear canal from crusts and scabs using a cotton swab moistened with the drug. Then Amit Forte is instilled into each ear, 3-6 drops (depending on the size of the animal) and the auricle is folded in half, lightly massaging at the base to distribute the drug evenly. Treatment is carried out 2 times a day with an interval of 3 – 5 days. In advanced cases of otodectosis, complicated by otitis, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated. The drug is administered into both ears, even in cases of otodectosis affecting only one ear.
Contraindications: Patients are not subject to treatment infectious diseases and convalescent animals, pregnant and lactating females, as well as puppies and kittens under 2 months of age.
Price: 50-65 rub.
Compound: amitraz, dimexide
Directions for use: instilled into pre-cleaned ears once a day - after three days, until disappearance clinical signs lesions (3-6 treatments).
Contraindications: Pregnancy, individual intolerance to dimexide.
Price: 35-40 rub.
Compound: amitraz + methyluracil + lidocaine hydrochloride
Directions for use: The external auditory canal is cleaned of scabs and crusts using a cotton-gauze swab soaked in the gel, and then 0.5–2 ml of gel is injected into each ear (depending on the size of the animal). To distribute the drug evenly, the auricle is folded in half and lightly massaged at the base. Treatment is carried out 1 - 2 times with an interval of 5 -7 days. In advanced cases of otitis, complicated by a bacterial or viral infection, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated. Amidel-gel must be injected into both ears, even if only one ear is affected by otodectosis.
Contraindications: Increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug. It is not recommended to use the gel for kittens and puppies under 2 weeks of age, as well as for patients with infectious diseases, convalescent and malnourished animals. Amidel-gel should not be prescribed simultaneously with other insecticidal and acaricidal agents.
Price: 90-125 rub.
Compound: amitraz, dexamethasone, propolis
Directions for use: The auricles and external auditory canal are cleaned of superficial scabs and crusts, then 3-5 drops of the drug are instilled into each ear using a pipette (depending on the size of the auricle). Treatment is carried out once a day with an interval of 5-7 days, repeating the course 2-3 times. In order to more completely treat the entire surface of the ear and ear canal, the auricle is folded in half lengthwise and its base is massaged. Be sure to treat both ears, even if only one ear is affected by mites. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.
Contraindications: Animals with infectious diseases and recovering animals, pregnant and lactating females, as well as puppies and kittens under 4 weeks of age are not subject to treatment.
Price: 60-75 rub.
Compound: cypermethrin (0.3%), amitraz (0.2%)
Directions for use: The ear canal is cleaned of scabs and crusts with a swab moistened with a solution, and then 3-6 drops are instilled into each ear (depending on the size of the animal). In order to more completely treat the entire surface of the ear and ear canal, the auricle is folded in half lengthwise and its base is lightly massaged. Treatment is carried out twice with an interval of 3 – 5 days.
Contraindications: Individual hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Pregnant and lactating females, puppies and kittens under 6 weeks of age, as well as animals with infectious diseases and convalescent animals are not subject to treatment.
Price: 100-115 rub.
Compound: sulfur
Directions for use: The auricles and external auditory canal are first cleaned of superficial scabs and crusts of exudate, and then 1.5–2 ml (depending on the size of the auricle) of liniment is injected into each ear. The auricle is folded in half lengthwise and massaged at the base. Treatment is carried out 2 – 5 times with an interval of 2 – 3 days until the animal’s clinical recovery, which is confirmed negative results acarological studies of samples from the ear canal. Both ears are treated, even in cases where only one ear is affected by mites. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.
Contraindications: Individual hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Pregnant and lactating females, puppies and kittens under 1 month old, as well as patients with infectious diseases, convalescent and weakened animals cannot be treated. Do not use the drug in cases of perforation of the eardrum. The drug should not be prescribed simultaneously with other insecticidal and acaricidal agents for animals.
Price: 45-50 rub.
Compound: sulfur, propolis
Directions for use: Before treatment, the external auditory canal is thoroughly cleaned of superficial crusts and scabs with a swab moistened with camphor alcohol, then 3–5 drops of the drug are instilled into each ear, the auricle is folded in half lengthwise and its base is lightly massaged. Treatment is carried out once a day with an interval of 5 - 7 days, repeating the course 2 - 3 times. Both ears must be treated with ectodes, even if only one ear is affected by otodectosis. In advanced cases of otodectosis complicated by otitis media, treatments are carried out daily for 5 to 7 days.
Contraindications: Individual hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Pregnant and lactating females, puppies and kittens under 4 weeks of age, as well as patients with infectious diseases, convalescent and weakened animals cannot be treated. Do not use the drug in cases of perforation of the eardrum. The drug should not be prescribed simultaneously with other insecticidal and acaricidal agents for animals.
Price: 40-60 rub.
Compound: ivermectin
Directions for use: applied from a spray bottle to inner surface auricle in an amount of 1-2.5 cm3, ensuring uniform wetting of the skin.
Contraindications: individual hypersensitivity of the animal to the components of the drug (including history). Patients with infectious diseases, convalescent and exhausted animals, pregnant and lactating females, as well as puppies and kittens under 1 month of age cannot be treated.
Price: 75-85 rub.
Compound: alphacypermethrin - 0.1%
Directions for use: For otodectosis (ear scabies) of dogs and fur-bearing animals, the external auditory canal is cleaned of scabs and crusts, the bottle with the emulsion is thoroughly shaken and then, using a moistened swab, Epacid-alpha is applied to the inner surface of the auricle at the rate of 1-1.5 ml.
In order to more completely treat the entire surface of the ear and ear canal, the auricle is folded in half and its base is lightly massaged.
Treatment is carried out twice with an interval of 3-5 days. In advanced cases of the disease, complicated by otitis, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in accordance with the instructions for their use. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.
Contraindications: It is not allowed to treat lactating or pregnant females later than two weeks before whelping.
Price: 25-35 rub.
Compound: diazinon
Directions for use: clean both ears, then instill 3-5 drops of the drug into each ear, after which the auricle is folded in half lengthwise and its base is massaged. Both ears must be treated with the drug, even in cases of otodectosis affecting one ear. The treatment is repeated once a day with an interval of 5-7 days, repeating the course 2 times. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.
Contraindications: Pregnant and lactating females, patients with infectious diseases, weakened, exhausted and convalescent animals, puppies and kittens under 10 weeks of age (2.5 months), as well as animals with individual intolerance to the components of the drug cannot be treated. Do not apply to wet or damaged skin.
Price: 60-70 rub.
Compound: ivermectin, panthenol, lidocaine
Directions for use: The external auditory canal is cleaned with a moistened swab from scabs and crusts and then 0.5 - 2 ml of the drug is injected into each ear (depending on the weight of the animal). In order to more completely treat the entire surface of the ear and ear canal, the auricle is folded in half lengthwise and its base is lightly massaged. Treatment is carried out 1 - 2 times with an interval of 5 - 7 days. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated. Medicine Be sure to inject into both ears, even in cases of otodectosis affecting only one ear. In advanced cases of the disease, complicated by otitis, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
Contraindications: Increased sensitivity to the drug. Patients with infectious diseases, convalescent and exhausted animals cannot be treated.
Price: 230-265 rub.