How to teach your child to solve simple examples. A surprisingly easy way to teach your child mental math

A child receives his first mathematical knowledge in the family. It is very important to organize this process correctly to make it easier for a preschooler to study at school. Preschoolers count with pleasure and enjoy solving all sorts of examples and problems. Don't miss this moment!

Learning to count to 10

Teaching children to count should take place in a playful way. Familiarity with numbers can be associated with everyday situations. As you go down the stairs to the street, say the names of the numbers out loud. Count to 10 as you hang out your laundry, assigning a number to each item. It will be useful if the child bends his fingers while doing this.

Use short poems to remember the order of numbers. When your baby learns all the numbers, start counting objects in the apartment. Ask your baby to count toys, cutlery, and things. When the baby has mastered the number series, he should be taught to find the neighbors of the number. The child must clearly understand which number follows which. During this period, you can introduce the preschooler to the graphic designation of numbers - numbers.

It is useful to learn to write numbers. The baby will visually represent the number series and easily find the neighbors of the number. A ruler will also help in your studies; thanks to it you can show a number segment.

Counting to 20

Moving on to the numbers of the second ten, it is necessary to explain the concepts of “units” and “tens”. This needs to be done visually using sticks, colored pencils, and counting material. When teaching a preschooler to count to 20, you need to follow the following sequence:

• introduce each number from 11 to 20 (show clearly, tell how it is formed);
• teach you to write numbers 11-20;
• familiarize yourself with the number series.

Let's try to count in our heads

You can learn to count in your head after mastering the concepts of “more,” “less,” and “equal.” After this, you can move on to oral addition and subtraction. The simplest examples need to be compiled in everyday situations, for example, counting dirty dishes or fruits in a vase. The child must understand that addition produces larger numbers, and subtraction produces smaller numbers. A preschooler will master mental counting only when he understands its necessity. Be sure to tell us why this is needed. Didactic games, cards, rulers, and number tables will help with this.

Solving examples

Training in solving examples should be based on knowledge about the composition of numbers. For a child, you need to select funny and funny examples that will arouse his interest. They shouldn't be boring. You can come up with them yourself by selecting the necessary combinations of numbers. It is good to learn to solve examples using houses in which you need to populate numbers. When giving examples to your child in everyday situations, you need to explain every incomprehensible word and action.

Counting in tens

Learning to count by tens is carried out in the same way as by ones. It will be necessary to introduce a new concept of tens. This can be explained with the help of sticks, buttons, chestnuts. Place one pile of homogeneous objects in front of the child and tell them that this is a ten. Next, place other piles nearby and ask your child to count them in order. When the preschooler understands this, show how to work with tens, add and subtract them correctly. (To add 30 to 20, you need to add 3 tens to 2 tens. 2+3=5, you get 5 tens or 50).

We count in a column

To teach counting in a column, you need to introduce the concept of digits. These include units, tens, hundreds, and so on. The child must clearly understand where to write the numbers in the number. Teach that units always come at the end of a number, followed by tens, hundreds, thousands. Please note that when counting in a column, each digit must be one after the other.

Learn to count money

Having mastered the ranks of numbers, you can teach your child to count money. The child must understand that a hundred contains ten tens. These piles must be sorted into shelves in his head. After this, show your preschooler the coins and banknotes. It’s better to start working with rubles by explaining to your child that people don’t use kopecks often, but there are 100 of them in one ruble. Take small money in denominations of 1, 2, 5 and 10 rubles and ask the child to give you a chervonets in one coin and several. Then learn to count money by analogy, gradually moving from tens to hundreds. Play shopping with your child.

Counting to 100

Typically, children are good at counting up to 100. Before introducing a child to the numbers of the first hundred, you need to be good at counting within 20. Explain how numbers from 20 to 100 are formed. Having mastered the logic of constructing the numbers of the first ten, the child will be good at counting within 100. Review the concepts you have learned, do simple exercises, learn to write numbers.

Learning to count at 3 years old

Three years is quite a suitable age when you should start teaching your child to count. At this age, it is important not to miss the favorable period and organize classes correctly. Teaching preschoolers the basics of mathematics should be done in a playful way. The child will better remember something bright and interesting.

Connect activities to the world around you. This is an excellent textbook, using which you do not have to purchase additional materials at hand. First of all, you need to explain to your child the concepts of “one” and “many”. He must independently select one thing from a group of objects. Next you should work on the concepts of “more”, “less”, “equal”. You can compare objects on the street or in an apartment.

Learning to count at 5 years old

In older preschool age, it is important not only to teach the child computational skills, but also to make him understand what numbers are needed for. The child must be well oriented in space, have an understanding of basic geometric shapes, and be able to compare objects by length, width and quantity. These concepts need to be reinforced every day. This can be done using games. It is useful to play such games and perform the following exercises:

• counting objects on the way home;
• finding specified objects on the street;
• games with a ball and buttons (orientation in space, concepts of “more”, “less”);
• "Far or close";
• guessing and counting objects in hand;
• games with cut geometric shapes.

That's why we were told at school that mathematics is the queen of sciences. But only mothers with small children know for sure that mathematics is also the most difficult subject to understand and remember. After all, children learn the first techniques of counting, geometry, orientation in space and time at home with their parents long before. Unhappy mothers and fathers clutch their heads, not understanding how to explain such a difficult discipline to their beloved child. Now we will figure out together how to help a child master the basic elements of mathematics and how to teach a child to count.

First, let's determine the optimal age to start classes. Psychologists and teachers can answer this question. A child's brain can memorize counting by the age of two. But at this time, the child can only be aware of ordinal counting, that is, counting from one to ten, pointing in order at objects - toys, apples, candies, etc. By the age of 3-4 years, the baby begins to consciously count, add groups of objects, take away, divide candy between family members and perform other simple counting techniques using visual materials. You can teach a child to count in his head only at 4-5 years old. At this time, the baby’s brain is ready to comprehend abstract concepts and rules. Therefore, in preschool age, you can begin to teach your child to add and subtract mentally within 10, and maybe even 5, if the child is unable to quickly master counting.

How to teach a child to count correctly

Don't forget that mathematics is not just about counting. In addition to arithmetic, your child must master the basic concepts of geometry - distinguish between shapes, understand what is shorter and what is longer, be able to tell what is behind him, what is in front, what is on the right, and what is on the left. The baby is able to understand all this at the age of 2-3 years. What is important here is the desire and diligence of the parents. If a mother repeats the names of the figures many times a day, cuts them out of multi-colored cardboard and gives them to the baby, then the child will quickly learn them. The same applies to memorizing the right and left handles, the direction of movement to the site and home. If parents do not forget to constantly explain to the child which direction they are going, which direction they are turning, which house is higher, which is lower, which bus is longer and which is shorter, then the baby will quickly learn all the basic terms and concepts.

There are five basic rules that parents must follow when teaching their child mathematics.

Rule #1

You need to do math for at least 30 minutes a day. In this case, classes should last no more than 5-10 minutes. Otherwise, the child simply will not be able to remember a large amount of information.

Rule #2

Repetition is the mother of learning. It is necessary to repeat. BUT in the case of mathematics, repetition should not completely include the material covered. You need to return to learned information only in the context of new, more complex tasks. For example, there is no need to constantly cram that 3+4 = 7. If the child has learned this, it is enough to return to this only when you count the length of segments, or solve more complex arithmetic problems.

Rule #3

If a child does not understand how to solve an example, under no circumstances should you shout or swear at him. Just simplify the task right away. There is nothing wrong with repeating the simplest example with your child many times and remembering it, instead of solving ten difficult ones that the child will immediately forget.

Rule #4

Mathematics should become a part of a child's life. Do not think that daily half-hour lessons with study guides and special material will turn a child into a mathematician. You know that children love to touch and try everything. Their perception of the world works exactly this way and not otherwise. You just have to adapt to it. Therefore, count everything you see with your child. From the cars on the street, to the number of products you buy in the store. And be sure to explain to your child why you need the account. Perhaps simple examples from life will help you interest your child more than colorful pictures in a book.

Rule #5

Psychologists argue that any learning that involves meaningful memorization goes through three successive stages in the child’s mind - getting used to (to the terminology, to the logic of the subject), understanding the essence of the subject and, finally, memorizing the information. There is no need to rush and demand that the child memorize the results of addition and subtraction. Start slowly. At first, just talk to your child, compare objects, which one is bigger, which one is smaller, which one is heavier, which one is lighter, etc. Then start mentioning numbers in conversation. Let the baby not even understand what five plates, three spoons and two forks mean. But setting the table with you every day, he will quickly figure out what’s going on, and very soon he will become accustomed to telling you how many cutlery is on the table.

How to teach a child to count quickly

For learning to be effective, it must be easy and interesting. Be sure to play math games with your child - lotto, dominoes and others. It will be much easier for your child to remember numbers if they are associated with pictures. And adding numbers is much easier if you imagine how chips are jumping over the squares in a children's game - travel.

Start with the simplest things. Add one first. It is easy to explain to a child who knows ordinal counting that if you add a fourth to three apples, you get four. And together with the fifth there will be five. Introduce the terms plus and minus later, when your child has a good understanding of addition and subtraction.

How to teach a child to count examples

Children remember bright objects well and everything that evokes positive emotions in them. Never come up with boring examples. Always try to create a funny and interesting problem that would interest the child. Invent different ones together.

Counting involves the child memorizing the composition of a number. For example, 10 consists of 5 + 5, 6 + 4, 7 + 3, etc. Of course, you can constantly repeat these combinations, but it is much easier to figure out the composition of the number by drawing a house and a roof. It will be interesting for the child to draw a tall house 9 and a small roof 1. And then experiment with their sizes.

And, finally, I would like to remind you of one of the most common mistakes parents make when teaching mathematics to their children. Many mothers and fathers try to solve examples with their children, and get angry when the child is not able to perform the simplest actions. But they completely ignore the fact that a simple task is described in such complex terminology that the child simply cannot understand what is happening in the problem and what he is asked to count. Therefore, before you start solving a problem, always explain to your child the meaning of each word. And then your classes will definitely give the desired result, and very soon you will be proud of your child’s knowledge and skills.

Babies start counting much earlier than many people think. Already at 18 months - that tender age when many babies do not yet have either speech or developed motor skills - children are actively interested in the number of objects, develop their own strategies for counting them, and react quite nervously to mistakes specifically made by adults related to numbers.

Therefore, the first games to introduce a child to counting can be started as early as one and a half years old.

However, it is important not to rush and not expect miracles from very young children. The ability to notice one’s own mistakes and establish clear patterns connecting numbers comes a little later - between 3 and 5 years Learning to count begins in infancy: evidence from 18 month olds’ visual preferences. This age is considered optimal for starting meaningful mathematical studies.

10 easy and fun ways to teach your child to count

1. Use digital examples in speech more often

By the age of 3–5, the child has already developed a good vocabulary and is curious about words that are still incomprehensible. The more often numbers are heard in your speech (“It’s time to wake up: it’s already eight!”, “We are waiting for tram No. 3! And this one is No. 11, it doesn’t suit us,” “You are three years old, and Misha from kindergarten is already four,” “To take this bun, you need to give your aunt 12 rubles”), the more attention the child will pay to them, being curious and trying to get to the bottom of it.

2. Count wherever possible

You can count the steps. You can count down the seconds until the elevator doors open. You can use counting rhymes before starting any business: “One-two-three - Christmas tree, burn”, “One-two-three-four-five - let’s run.” It is important for the child to understand: numbers are not something abstract, but part of everyday life.

3. Play counting songs with videos for your child

This is one of the most accessible, simple and fun ways to introduce your child to numbers, their order and the simplest rules of addition and subtraction. As surprising as it may sound, children learn mathematics most effectively when they hear familiar and understandable spoken language. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8: A Unifying Foundation.

On YouTube, for example, there are a lot of counting songs that you can play for your baby on a trip or sing together throughout the day. Here is a modern urban counting song in Russian:

And here is a wonderful English-language collection for the little ones:

In general, choose what your baby likes and go ahead: watch, listen and sing along.

4. Link numbers to development

The simplest example is the marks on a game stadiometer. “Look, on your last birthday your height was 92 centimeters, and now it’s already as much as 100! Let’s try you on in a month - I wonder if you will grow to 101 centimeters?” The preschooler actively feels for his place, for himself in the world around him. He already realizes that he is growing. And the numbers that grow along with it arouse natural interest as one of the ways to know oneself.

Sorting is one of the most important mathematical techniques. We separate even numbers from odd numbers, integers from fractions, simple from composite... Naturally, the baby is still far from such concepts, but the logic of future arithmetic operations can be taught to him as early as 3-4 years old.

These are familiar cardboard pictures, where numbers are depicted next to the corresponding number of objects. For example, 1 can be depicted next to an apple, 2 with a pair of bananas, 3 with three cherries, and so on. The main goal of such cards is to create a stable connection between the image of a number and its actual value.

It is good if the child encounters such mnemonic elements as often as possible. For example, cards on a magnetic base can be hung on the magnetized board of a children's easel or on the refrigerator. From time to time, without boring your child, it is important to go over the cards with him, counting from 1 to 9 and back. This consolidates in memory the sequence of counting and the understanding of what exactly is hidden behind abstract and still incomprehensible to the baby words like “two”, “three” or “nine”.

Well, to make it interesting for the child to tinker with the cards, there are models “with a secret”. For example, sliding.

The legendary teacher Maria Montessori in her book “My Method. Guide to raising children from 3 to 6 years old” said that almost the best results in teaching preschoolers to count were shown by classes with money (or their dummies).

I give the children coins of one, two or four centimes, and with their help the kids learn to count to ten. The most practical way to teach children to count is to show them how to use coins, and the most useful exercise is to change money. Such exercises are so closely related to everyday life that they arouse keen interest in all children without exception.

Maria Montessori

At the next stages, mathematical games with other subjects are included. For example, apples: the child is asked to count them and distribute them equally to all children present). Or, let’s say, with cups, when the child is asked: “We are going to drink tea now, bring so many cups so that there is enough for everyone” (that is, the child has to first count the number of people present, and then bring the required number of utensils).

Montessori also considered it necessary to connect mathematics with sensations. It might look like this. Offer your child several brightly colored sticks of different lengths (you can simply pour them out on the table) and ask your child to choose the longest one by eye. When your child makes a choice, ask if he is sure that his wand is a champion? To check, sequentially compare it with others remaining in the common heap. It would be good if on each of the sticks its length was indicated in the form of a noticeable number: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 centimeters and so on. This way the child will learn to feel length.

10. Use Glen Doman's technique

American doctor Glen Doman believed that the brain of a small child is much more powerful than is commonly believed: it is capable of instantly analyzing and perceiving huge flows of information, even if adults think that the baby “doesn’t understand anything.”

Doman's technique is based on approximately the same principle as mnemonic cards: on establishing a connection between numbers and what they represent. To get started, Doman suggested that parents make cards from cardboard: a number is written on one side (in the case of 2-3-year-old children - from 1 to 10), and the corresponding number of clearly visible dots is applied to the opposite side.

According to Doman, math should be done when the child is in a good mood.

Literally a couple of minutes will be enough for the lesson. Show your child a card with one dot and clearly say: “One.” Then move on to card two and so on. Don't delay: showing one card should take no more time than pronouncing the corresponding number.

During the first lessons, the child should simply observe. There is no need to ask him to repeat or perform other actions. After showing all the cards, be sure to tell your baby how much you love him, how much you like him, pat him on the head, hug him and, if possible, treat him to something tasty: physical encouragement is an important part of the Doman method.

In the first couple of lessons, the cards should follow one another in a clear numerical order - from 1 to 10. Starting from the third or fourth, they can be shuffled like a deck. And don’t forget: we show quickly, we praise generously. This will allow the child, without getting bored during the learning process and even enjoying it, to firmly grasp the connection between digital symbols and quantity.

What's next

Using the methods listed above, your child will be able to playfully learn to count to 10 and backwards, as well as perform simple arithmetic operations: addition and subtraction. This will be easy for him, because he operates not with incomprehensible symbols, but with the meaning hidden behind them - the number of objects. For a 4–5 year old child, this level of mathematical knowledge is quite sufficient.

The next step is to consistently learn to count to 20, then to 100, and become familiar with more complex operations: multiplication and division. However, even at higher levels it is important to follow the key principle: mathematics should not turn into a heavy duty. The more joy and play there is in counting, the simpler and easier it will be for a child (and then a teenager) to communicate with numbers.

All about the benefits of mental arithmetic for development, basic methods for mastering mental arithmetic for preschool and primary school children. Games and secrets of successful classes.

What distinguishes man from the rest of the living world is his intellectual superiority. In order for it to become obvious not only to oneself, but also to others, the brain must be constantly trained. One of the methods of training the brain is mental arithmetic.

Best age to start training

Most experts believe that the best age is between 3 and 5 years. By the age of 4, a child can easily master basic arithmetic operations (addition and subtraction). By the age of five, a child can easily learn to solve simple examples and problems.

Preparing for training

First of all, the child must develop the concept of number. For a child, this category is an abstract concept. At first, it is difficult to explain to a child what a number or figure is.

Anything can be chosen as educational material: favorite blocks, balls, soft toys, cars, etc. It is important that the baby understands that you can not only play with them, but also count them.

This should not be in the form of a boring and intrusive lesson; the child simply will not understand it. Everything should look like a game, as if “by the way.”

It is important not to miss the time when the child perceives everything as an exciting game, then learning will become an enjoyable experience for him.

Don’t forget the main thing correctly - classes should be interesting and fun!

How to teach correctly?

• Teaching a child the basics of mathematical calculation should only take place in a playful way and if the child wishes.
• Learning to count should be done in a fun way and continuously (every day). The baby's visual and tactile memory is involved.
• Classes must be structured in a clear algorithm and have a system. Let’s say that first the understanding of “one” and “many” occurs, then “more” and “less”.
• It is important to explain the difference between the concepts of “more”, “less”, “equal”.
• In a playful way, for example, while going down the stairs, teach your child ordinal counting from 1 to 10;
• Show your child on objects how the spoken numbers relate to the real quantity;
• Try to explain to your child in elementary life situations how the number of objects increases or decreases, for example, another car came to one car, you got two cars, etc.

Learning to count to 10

It is necessary to introduce an understanding of quantity into the child’s daily life; this requires constant emphasis on objects, mentioning their number.

It is useful to learn counting rhymes with your child, poems in which numbers are mentioned.

To teach a child to count from 1 to 10, it is necessary to use various educational materials.

Currently, there are many animated educational videos in which, in a child-friendly form, your favorite cartoon characters play and teach your child to count.

The child’s visual memory is used here, and information is also perceived by ear.

Expert opinion

By imitating the actions of cartoon characters, the baby learns to count. You should also study using printed manuals.

Working with your child to prepare educational material can be helpful in preparing for learning to count to 10. You can cut out circles or cubes together and then count them. In addition to learning, joint creative tasks help unite the family.

Simple tasks will help your child not only depict the above numbers and form an idea about them, but also practice fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination and attention.

Learning to count to 20

In addition to the mechanical method of learning further counting, using the same methods as were used when learning to count from 1 to 10, the child needs to explain the concepts of “ten” and “one”.

Expert opinion

Klimenko Natalya Gennadievna - psychologist

Practicing psychologist at the municipal antenatal clinic

Everything should be in the form of a game, not a boring activity. To do this, you can take 20 candies and 2 boxes. You need to invite the child to put 10 candies in one box, counting out loud.

The adult should tell the child that this is called “ten”. Having moved an empty box to the box with “ten”, you need to put the rest of the candies there one by one, and say the count out loud: 11, 12, 13 and so on until 20.

This game can be accompanied by a demonstration of cards on which the numbers being studied will be depicted.

It is important to explain to your child that after 10, all numbers will consist of two digits.

The first of which is “ten” (the first box of chocolates), and the second one (the second box of chocolates).

The child must understand the system in which all the numbers follow one another: 11 after 10, 12 after 11, etc.

We need to continue to actively use educational cartoons, counting rhymes, songs, coloring books with tasks, etc. - everything that was used when learning to count from 1 to 10.

When the child’s understanding of “ten” and “one” is formed, then he can master counting further up to 100.

Don't forget to pay attention to others too

Teaching methods at different ages

For children 2-3 years old

It is necessary to instill in the child in a playful way an understanding of counting and the initial skills of applying it to objects. For example, we count fingers on one hand, ask you to bring one, two... objects. We instill the concepts: “many”, “little”, “big”, “small”.

For children 4-5 years old

You need to use the baby’s desire to help his parents with household chores.

Putting toys together in a box, you can count them or ask the child to bring one or more plates from the table.

Gradually, the baby should develop the concept of “one” and “many”, “less”, “more”, “wider”, “narrower”.

Also, the baby should be unobtrusively introduced to understanding the shape of objects: a round ball or a square cube, etc.

Contact learning is much more effective; at this moment the baby senses the object, several zones of object perception are activated, and learning is easier.

Kids compare “many” and “one”. Different objects need to be compared in order to develop an understanding of their properties, without overloading the baby with the characteristics of the object. Gradually, the child himself must combine different objects according to one characteristic (small - large, long - short).

Gaming techniques and didactic games are widely used in classes (it is proposed to put objects on pictures, sample cards, etc.).

For children 5-6 years old

Children learn to compare adjacent sets element by element, that is, compare sets that differ in the number of elements by one.

The main methods are overlay, application, comparison. As a result of this activity, children should learn to establish equality from inequality by adding one element, i.e. increasing, or removing, i.e. decreasing, the set.

For 1st grade students

First of all, the child masters counting in groups of 2, 3, and 5, and is gradually brought to an understanding of the decimal number system.

At this age, much attention is paid to mental arithmetic, for which teaching methods with a playful bias are used.

The technique allows the operation of addition and subtraction within 100 to be brought to automaticity, and in the mind.

The most interesting techniques

1. A child of preschool and primary school age gets tired quickly, so the ability to count must be instilled in a playful way.
2. The child may not learn the material for a long time; you should not be nervous and shout or insult the child.
3. The child should be rewarded for success with praise.
4. Classes should be regular and frequent, with a clearly defined purpose.
5. You need to choose a teaching method based on the individual characteristics of the child.

How to learn to count quickly in your head as an adult

• Learn to focus on details and mentally pronounce them.
• You should solve basic mathematical problems without resorting to a calculator, for example, in a store. Mathematical operations have their own characteristics, but they are not complex. You need to figure it out once, and then practice. This should happen systematically 5-10 times a day.
• Master simple mental arithmetic techniques and set yourself daily brain training goals. There are many mobile applications on the Internet with brain training tasks.

In the next video, a mathematician will tell you how you can learn to count in your head.

Good afternoon, dear readers! How much effort adults have to put in to teach a child to count within 10 and 20. And not only count, but also solve examples, subtract and add! At the same time, doing this is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. We offer you non-standard game techniques on how to teach your child to count examples within 20.

Stage 2

If you have learned how to count, get acquainted with the graphic representation of the numbers. For this purpose, we use cubes with numerical images and cards.

Stage 3

The next stage is very important: it prepares the basis for quick mental arithmetic. This is the study of the composition of a number. If the baby knows exactly how numbers are laid out, he will easily solve addition and subtraction examples.

The study of the composition of numbers is traditionally carried out using so-called “houses”. Draw a house on checkered paper. There are always 2 cage rooms on one “floor”. The number of floors of a house is determined depending on the number of numerical pairs into which the number can be decomposed.

For example, 4 can be decomposed into 3 and 1, 2 and 2. This means that the number 4 lives in a two-story house, etc. We will write it on the roof. The example clearly shows how to correctly create houses for the numbers 3, 4 and 5.

The child will have to memorize the distribution of “tenants” by floor. Start with small numbers. Ask your little one to carefully look at who lives with which neighbor, and then “populate” the numbers yourself.

When two and three are mastered, move on to more complex numbers. This technique gives the most consistent results. Tested from my own experience.

Here here you can download this table and use it to master the number composition technique:

Stage 4

When the houses are completed, it is the turn of examples within 10. In the first grade, these examples will have to be solved in the first half of the year, so it is better to prepare in advance. Now all that remains is to place + or - signs between the “settlers”, having previously explained their purpose to the baby.

First, present addition or subtraction as a game. For example, from a four, a one left the floor. Which neighbor will remain on the floor? Answer: three. Such exercises will help the baby quickly get used to mathematical examples. Gradually we change the words “left” and “came” to “plus” and “minus”.

This is how we mastered counting within 10 with our child. As you can see, the technique is very simple, but it requires time and patience to work. Try to force your baby to count in his head first: written exercises slow down thinking.

Along the way, train the concepts of “more and less” (first use objects, placing them on different sides, then compare the numbers), neighbors of a number (write a series of numbers with missing digits and ask the baby to complete the series, placing the neighbors correctly).

Go ahead…

The time has come to introduce the baby to the second ten. To overcome arithmetic difficulties, we suggest the following training algorithm:

Part 1

We introduce the concept of ten. To do this, lay out 10 cubes in front of the child and add one more. We explain that it is eleven. We say that the ending of the word “dtsat” means “ten”. To form the number from 11 to 19, you just need to add the number to the ending “twenty” and put the preposition “na” between them.

Part 2

Since the baby is already familiar with the concept of ten, we introduce the units digit and operate with these concepts when adding. For example, 13+5. First we add the units: 3+5=8. Now add the remaining ten and get 18.

Part 3

Now let's move on to the negative examples: we act in exactly the same way. Subtract the ones, then add the tens.

Part 4

The most difficult stage is subtraction, in which the first unit is less than the second: 13-6. In this example, we cannot subtract six from 3. You have to deal with dozens. One way is to subtract three from six, subtract the remaining number from ten, i.e. 6-3=3, 10-3=7. After a few practices, your baby will be able to do subtraction in his head.

The child must clearly master the described skills: in 2nd grade he will need this to solve examples with two-digit numbers.

To brighten up the learning process, you can use various aids:

• cubes;
• magnets;
• pictures (learning with pictures is especially varied: you can simply count them, use coloring books with examples to reinforce counting skills);
• any items at hand;
• counting sticks;
• abacus, etc.

The more imagination you show, the sooner you will interest your child in mathematics.

We have looked at the sequence of teaching your little one to solve examples within 20 in stages. If the article was useful to you, leave a comment or share the article with your friends on social media. networks.

See you soon, dear friends!