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Car seat up to what age. Until what age should a child ride in a car seat?
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using special child restraint devices appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and on the front passenger car seat - only with the use of special child restraint devices...Article 12.23. Part 1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Violation of the rules for transporting people, except for the cases provided for in Part 2 of this article, entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles. Traffic rules do not make exceptions for infants. The child must be wearing a seat belt, using special child restraints or other means.
Is it possible to carry a child in your arms?
Is it possible to carry a child in your arms? The main danger for a child carried by an adult in the arms appears in emergency situations in the form of collisions:
- The risk increases significantly when a child is transported by an unbelted person. By simulating an accident, it becomes clear that the child will be the first to suffer, because he will be the first to hit the instrument panel.
The force of the blow in such cases will consist of its own and that transferred from the adult, which is equal to his weight.
Children in the car
If they are not provided for by the design of the vehicle, then the driver is not required to use child restraints. If the driver has removed the seat belts provided by the design, then he is responsible for the corresponding changes in the design of the vehicle.
Info
Now children can only be transported in a car in a car seat. Do car seats have to be certified in Belarus? N.
Attention
Gracheva, Mogilev - International requirements for child restraints also apply to Belarus. Car seats must be certified in our country.
If a citizen independently imports a car seat into Belarus from another country for personal use, it does not need to be certified. The traffic police inspector will not indicate to the driver that such a car seat cannot be used.
Until what age were children carried in their arms? Why?
Will I have to pay a fine for all or for each child? E. Semenyuk, Orsha - Responsibility for compliance with the rules for transporting passengers rests with the driver and, accordingly, if a violation is detected, the fine will be uniform.
It is paid by the driver. My baby is only 3 months old. How can I transport it in a car? After all, a car seat is intended for those who are already sitting, and at this age, for medical reasons, they are supposed to be in a strictly horizontal position.
E. Vasilyuk, Gomel - The design of child restraints includes a “child seat” and a car seat in which the child is in a horizontal position. It all depends on the design, and manufacturers provide the entire necessary list of devices for children.
How long did you carry your baby in your arms?
Why is this happening? The fact is that when a car suddenly stops at a speed of even 50 km/h (collision with a stationary obstacle or a car of the same mass), a force of 33g acts on passengers. That is, if a mother weighs, for example, 60 kg, then at the moment of such a blow her weight.
Author: Subject: Is it possible to transport a child in the back seat in the arms of an adult? Girls, I’m wondering how to go home from the maternity hospital by car? Is it possible to carry a child in your arms? No. Not. not even like that. NO. The traffic rules tell Russians about this in plain terms. Only in a child seat or special restraint seat. At least in the back, at least in the third row, at least anywhere. It is not clear where the respondents found a clause in the traffic rules that states that up to a year can be carried in one’s hands.
Is carrying a baby in your arms good or bad for the baby’s development?
Is it possible to transport a child in the arms of a buckled-up adult? Oleg, Minsk - There are certain rules for transporting passengers that must be followed. Being in the arms of another passenger, the child is exposed to even greater danger: in the event of a collision, he moves in the cabin due to the force of inertia.
In addition, the baby can be crushed by the weight of the adult who was holding him in his arms. The consequences in this case may be more severe than if he was simply without a restraint device. If the rear seats are not equipped with seat belts, are children not allowed in the car? K. Polyakov, Minsk region - The condition for the mandatory use of child restraints is the presence of seat belts installed in the vehicle.
Until what age did you carry your child in your arms?
Is it possible for children to go to the bathhouse, why should they be taken there, how to prepare in this material. How can a trip without a special restraint device end? The legislation provides for a system of fines for transporting children under twelve years of age without restraints. The reason for the sanctions is that the risk of injury increases sixfold without additional restraints. The fine for violating the law is 3,000 rubles. Children are among the most vulnerable passengers. The carelessness of adults leads to injuries to children while driving vehicles, and sometimes death.
The reason is the lack of a child restraint belt:
- If a child is carried unrestrained in the front seat, the child may crash into the dashboard or windshield during a collision.
Until how many months can you carry a baby in your arms?
Therefore, pediatricians advise mothers not to leave the child alone, even if he is in the crib, then he should see you; if you are in another room, then try to return as soon as possible or wait until the baby falls asleep, and then go about your business. It is not necessary to always hold him in your arms, it is enough to be close to him, talk to him kindly, sing songs so that he hears a kind voice and feels your love. Children are more attached to those parents who carried them in their arms as children; they have a more developed sense of mutual understanding. They feel each other’s problems and joy better, such families are stronger, children communicate with their parents more affectionately all their lives, relationships are kinder, unlike those when the child was left to his own devices and was not carried in their arms.
Until how many months does a baby need to be carried?
When he was in his mother’s tummy, he felt calm and comfortable, he heard the heartbeat, felt warmth, received nutrition and oxygen, and heard quiet voices. When he was born, in order for him to smoothly adjust to the new world, he simply needs to hear the beat of his mother’s heart, receive nutrition from his mother, and smell her. While everything scares the child, he needs to create a calm atmosphere, a little similar to the one to which he is accustomed, so if you leave a very small child in the crib, he will cry, afraid that he is left alone, he still does not know what to do about it. If you regularly leave him, he will develop internal fears, for example, losing loved ones, fear of loneliness, they can persist and move into adulthood, transforming into complexes.
Until how many months can you carry a child in your arms without a chair and, if possible, a link to the laws. question number No. 9507696 read 283 times Urgent legal consultation 8 800 505-91-11 free
- Not until then. There are special car seats-cradles for ages from 0 to one year.
Pay for response Continue dialogue For more detailed advice, please contact us via private messages for a fee.
- For newborn children there are special infant carriers that are fastened with a seat belt. The child is positioned lying down, with belts fastened inside. Pay for response Continue dialogue Additional consultations for a fee. Aisylu
Do you have an answer to this question? You can leave it by clicking on the Reply button Similar questions How many hours can I stay on the street without parental accompaniment at the age of 16? Rostov region.
Traveling with a child over long or short distances is not uncommon in the modern world. But before you put your child in the car, you need to study the current rules for transporting children.
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What is this
A child car seat is a device for transporting children in cars. It is installed on a stationary seat and secured with standard seat belts. Some car seats have additional seat belts.
This device belongs to the category of child restraint devices (RCD).
Depending on the weight and height of the child, he needs one or another type of child seat. Infant children ride in cradles in a reclining position, and older children ride in a sitting position.
In addition, depending on the age of the child and the child restraint system, it becomes somewhat easier. For example, children aged 10 – 12 years can ride on boosters.
This is a special seat that does not have a backrest, but is also attached to a stationary seat with seat belts.
What is regulated
In accordance with current legislation, transportation of children under age 12 years, in the car can only be done with the help of a remote control.
This standard is established by the current road safety rules.
Namely:
- Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation;
- Criminal Code of the Russian Federation;
- Civil Code of the Russian Federation part 1 and part 2;
How to travel with a child in a car
Riding in a car with a child who has not yet reached 12 year old age, is only possible using a child restraint system.
At what age does a child need a car seat?
From birth, if it is planned to be transported by car.
Depending on the child’s age and weight, certain rules have been established for transporting children using a child restraint system.
- if the child weighs less 10 kg, then the child seat - cradle should stand in the car sideways to the direction of travel;
- if the child's weight does not exceed 13 kg, then the seat must be placed against the movement of the car;
- if the child's weight up to 18 kg, then the seat should be in the direction of travel of the car;
There are car seats that transform into child restraint systems for older children. Typically this is a group 0/1 which is suitable for children from 0 to 4 years(that is, from 3 to 18 kg). These seats can be installed both rear-facing and forward-facing.
- chairs designed for children from 9 to 36 kg, are installed only in the direction of travel of the vehicle.
Video: details
Necessary nuances
When transporting children in a car using a car seat. It is worth considering some nuances. First of all, this is the weight and age of the child.
Child seats have been designed to be comfortable for children of all ages. For example, if it is necessary to transport a newborn ( For example, discharge from the maternity hospital), then he needs a special chair - a cradle, which meets all the anatomical features of the baby.
The situation is similar for older children. Due to their weight, height and anatomical features, they can ride in a car on boosters rather than in full seats.
Weight
When choosing a car seat, you must be guided not by the child’s age, but by his weight, since it is depending on the weight that certain categories of child restraint systems are developed.
The following categories of child seats have been developed:
- ABOUT should be used for older children from 0 to six months. But few people buy such chairs, since their useful life is very short;
- O+ intended for children from birth to one year(weight approx. 13 kg). These chairs are popular. Now they have even begun to produce baby strollers that already have such a car seat built into them;
- category 1 intended for children aged from 1 year to 4 years. Weight Limit - 18 kg;
- category 0+ / 1
– this is the most popular category of car seats;
Intended for children from birth and up to 3 years, Sometimes up to 4 years(weight approx. from 3 kg to 18 kg). Models of such child restraint systems are somewhat more expensive than all previous ones, but they will allow you to use them 4 years. This saves parents a lot of money.
- category 2 intended for children from 15 to 25 kg(age approximately from 3 years, Sometimes from 5 years to 7 – 9 years);
- category 3 intended for older children weighing from 22 to 36 kg(age approximately 8 – 12 years);
- category 0+/ 1 / 2 / 3 – the most expensive and slowest-selling car seats. This car child seat is intended for from 0 to 12 years(weight approx. from 3 to 26 kg).
Until what age do you ride in a child seat?
It says that parents are required to transport children in the car using child restraints. This must be done until the child reaches the age of 12 years.
Upon reaching this age, he can already ride in a stationary seat.
But he must wear seat belts. In addition, a child who has reached the age 12 years, can already ride in the passenger seat next to the driver.
Special Needs
Today, car seats that transform into a car are quite in demand.
They allow you to transfer children of different age categories and different weights.
The fact is that such seats have the maximum number of adjustable components that can modify the car seat depending on the needs of the child.
Car seat models
There are many models of car seats, but the most popular are:
- Maxi-Cosi – country of the Netherlands (Holland);
- Cybex – Germany;
- Romer – Germany;
- Nania – France;
- Cosatto - England;
- Coletto - Poland;
- 4baby – Poland.
The main criterion by which a car seat is evaluated is safety.
But for an objective assessment, the following criteria are also taken into account:
- reliability in use;
- durability of use;
- easy to use in the car;
- ease of installation in a car;
- presence/absence of additional protective equipment;
- quality of fabric used for upholstery;
- quality of parts used for fastening;
- price. It’s not for nothing that this option is last on the list, since parents, first of all, look at safety and reliability.
If the chair is small but the child is not yet 12
As already mentioned, you need to focus not on the age and height of the child, but on his weight. The maximum weight for which car seats are designed is 36 kg. This is how much the average child weighs 12 years height 150 cm.
But it is worth taking into account the characteristics of children. For example, the boy can reach the mark in 150 cm and weight 36 kg aged 10 years, and the girls and 14 will weigh less.
Therefore, if the child has not yet turned 12 years, but he has already reached all the necessary criteria, then he can drive without a seat, but must be buckled up.
It’s not enough to meet traffic police inspectors who, when they see a child without a car seat, begin to weigh him and measure his height, and check his age using the parent’s passport.
But, if a discrepancy is detected (that is, the child already weighs more than 36 kg and he is already taller 150 cm, and age even less 12 years), then the parents will have to pay a fine.
What to do if the journey is long
If there is a long journey ahead, then it is necessary to provide the child with access to fresh air. In addition, it is necessary to plan stops along the way so that the child can “stretch his bones.”
Of course, car seats are, first of all, about the child’s safety, but they quite restrict the baby’s movement.
After a while he becomes uncomfortable and begins to act up.
Responsibility for violations
The absence of a child seat in a car is a violation. If this offense is detected, the driver will face a fine of 3,000 rubles.
If there are several children in the car and all of them are without child restraints, then you will have to pay so many times 3 000 , how many children are in the car.
The question of at what age can you take your license and study for the category is relevant for teenagers and their parents. A car gives you freedom of action; if you have it, you can travel, earn money, help your parents and friends. It is not surprising that young people want to enroll in driving courses as soon as possible and become full participants in the traffic. And what will happen to those who drive without a license?
At what age can you start learning?
According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N1097 of October 24, 2014, candidates aged 16 years (for two-wheeled vehicles), 17 years (for passenger cars) and older can take the theoretical and practical exam. Those who have not reached the age of majority require the written consent of their parents (persons replacing them).
However, in fact, teenagers under 17 years of age can only obtain and drive a motorcycle or scooter.
You can drive a car as a driver only from the age of majority - the traffic police simply won’t issue you a license before that. However, it is allowed to learn to drive a car after reaching the age of 16. Many schools are aimed specifically at this age category of cadets. A teenager, under the guidance of an instructor, will become an absolutely legal participant in traffic.
According to clause 21.4 of the traffic rules, the student must be at least 16 years old. Thinking about the age at which you can take the exam, you can plan to start studying at a driving school. Considering that the preparation process will take 3-6 months, it is more rational to select a school closer to adulthood.
Traffic rules of the Russian Federation, 21. Training driving
21.4. A student driving a car or motorcycle must be at least 16 years old.
I passed - what next?
Many people have a question: if the test was taken at the age of 17, when can you pick up your ID? This can be done at any time after reaching adulthood. However, a current medical certificate is required to complete the procedure.
Consequences of driving without a driving license
It is worth remembering at what age a “disenfranchised” driver can be fined. According to Art. 2.3 of the Administrative Code, administrative responsibility begins only in the sixteenth year of life. Before reaching this age, penalties may be imposed on the offender’s parents or guardians.
Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, Article 2.3. The age at which administrative responsibility begins
1. A person who has reached the age of sixteen at the time of committing an administrative offense is subject to administrative liability.
According to Part 1 of Art. 12.7 of the Administrative Code, the fine for driving without the right to drive is 5-15 thousand rubles. Under this article, it is possible to force the car to be towed to an impound lot, which means additional costs. Thus, only the instructor is allowed to hand over the machine to a person who does not have a license. He must also be in the cabin while the program is running.
Are there any plans to change the rules?
Residents of remote cities and villages in Russia also want to know at what age you can drive a car. Indeed, in the absence of public transport, the issue of movement is solved only by a personal car. In Soviet times, a 16-year-old driver could be found everywhere, and an adult driver with 3 or more years of experience had to be in the car with him.
And although the question of returning this norm arises constantly, no changes are expected. Therefore, you will have to wait until you reach the age of majority to legally drive a car.
So, teenagers (over 16 years old) can also learn to drive if their parents don’t mind. From the same age, category “A1” and “M” licenses are issued. As for the full category “B”, you can take the exam allowing you to receive a certificate at the age of 17, and only an adult can receive it.
An accident can happen to anyone, for a variety of reasons. Accidents also happen to cars that transport children, so it is necessary to transport children with all precautions in order to protect the child from injuries and injuries if an accident does occur. Statistically, about 80% of small passengers involved in accidents die due to the negligence of adults who did not bother to ensure their safety. Therefore, the rules provide for penalties for the absence of a child car seat, which were introduced back in 2007, but only recently the amount has become significant.
Reliable protection of the baby should be paramount for parents, because even the most careful driver is not insured against an accident.
Letter of the law
According to modern legislation, the transportation of children under a certain age without special restraint devices is strictly prohibited. The requirements apply to both vehicles that are structurally prepared for the installation of restraint devices, and to those that are not designed for this. The fine for the absence of such devices from 2007 to 2013 was comparable in amount to the fine for not fastening seat belts, and amounted to 500 rubles. Since September 2013, the situation has changed; the Code of Administrative Offenses of Russia now has a separate article numbered 12.23, the third part of which states that failure to comply with safety rules when transporting children is punishable a fine of 3,000 rubles. By law, a child must be transported as follows:
- in the front seat - in a car seat (more details in the article:);
- in the rear seat - in a fixed state (with a seat belt or other restraint device that complies with the standards and GOST adopted in the Russian Federation).
At what age does a baby need to be placed in a restraint chair? Children under 12 years of age, less than 1.5 meters tall transported using car seats or other restraint devices. Any vehicle either has additional seat belts or has space provided for their installation.
The age of the vehicle, and the incompleteness or absence of seat belts for any reason is not a justification for canceling a fine when transporting children in violation of safety measures.
Types of holding devices
According to general standards, child restraint devices are divided into 5 types, depending on the height and weight of the child and his age. The smallest are designed for children up to 9 months of age who have not gained another 10 kg, the largest are made for fairly adult children up to 12 years old inclusive, but weighing no more than 36 kg and height up to 1.5 meters. For convenience, detailed data is presented in the table.
| Type | Age, in years | Weight, kg | Characteristic |
| 0 | 0-1 | 0-10 | Car seat - cradle, has 2 positions:
In the first, the child is secured with a belt in the abdomen. In the second, the baby is held using an internal three-point belt. |
| 0+ | 0-1,5 | 0-13 | Designed for the child's reclining position. Can be installed either facing forward or backwards. |
| 1 | 1-4 | 9-18 | A distinctive feature of these seats is the five-point harness and the ability to install them exclusively in the direction of travel. |
| 2 | 3-7 | 15-25 | These chairs have a height-adjustable backrest. The seat belt is standard. |
| 3 | 7-12 | 22-36 | The seat has no backrest and is limited by a standard car seat belt strap at the top. |
The car seat is selected depending on the child’s age, but it is even more important to take into account height and weight. How to choose a car seat?
It is better to choose a car seat together with your child. When your baby is uncomfortable in a car seat, doesn’t like the backrest, or is not secured enough, you shouldn’t choose this option. If for some reason parents cannot or do not want to install a car seat in the car, there are other types of restraint devices, including those without a backrest (we recommend reading:). Any restraint device must be certified; driving with homemade versions is unacceptable.
When a child is transported in a car, this is a double responsibility for the driver. The main task of ensuring the safety of the baby when transporting him is to reduce the risk of injury in the event of sudden braking or a collision of the car with an obstacle. This is achieved by limiting its mobility with the help of restraint devices consisting of straps, flexible elements, and fixing elements, as well as the presence of additional devices in them - for example, a shockproof screen on.
When a child is transported in the back seat of a car and the parents’ goal is to avoid penalties, a booster (a device without a backrest) and an overlay for a standard seat belt can be used (more details in the article:). However, these measures are not enough to protect the life of a child, according to foreign crash tests.
The fine was issued. Is there a way to avoid payment?
Any person who disagrees with the actions of the traffic police can challenge them in court. According to judicial practice, if an inspector has shown incompetence, his actions can not only be challenged, but also declared unlawful. In case of a real violation of safety requirements (the chair or other device was not used), the chances of a positive court decision are minimal, and a fine will have to be paid. It must be submitted within 2 months (60 days) from the moment the decision on administrative punishment comes into force. The entry period is 10 days from the date of issuance of the decision on collection. During this period, you can challenge the decision in court.
When parents use the services of a taxi service, the service dispatcher must be warned that one of the passengers will be a child who requires a special child safety device. This must be done so that if a taxi driver is fined for violating the safe transportation of children, the fine will not be forwarded to the child’s parents.
A taxi ride is not an excuse for neglecting child protection methods. You need to either use proven services that provide chairs on request, or take out your unit Is there any benefit to increasing the fine?
According to experts, the answer is clear – “yes”. Increasing fines for not using a child seat in a car is the right strategy, which will save the lives and health of many thousands of young passengers, as well as raise a generation of car drivers with a high level of road behavior.
At what age can a child be transferred to the “adult” mode of transportation? Only from the age of 12 years. By purchasing a chair, you protect your child for a long time, and the older the child, the longer the chair can be used. If you compare the amount of fines for a missing chair with the cost of the chair itself, the amounts will be comparable, so buying a chair means saving on fines and, first of all, protecting your child by complying with safety requirements.
Clinical and perinatal psychologist, graduated from the Moscow Institute of Perinatal Psychology and Reproductive Psychology and Volgograd State Medical University with a degree in clinical psychology
In accordance with Part 1 of Art. 67 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”, a child can be sent to school at the age of 6 years and 6 months. However, the extreme limit is 8 years. But, in the presence of certain deviations in the physical or psychological state. For example, if your child speaks poorly and still needs to work with specialists.
Question and answer from the traffic police: Until what age does a child need to be transported in a car seat?
You take a special certificate from the medical center and write a statement to the local authorities stating that your child is not ready to start studying in a general education institution.
Thus, our state establishes quite strict requirements for the age of a child regarding his admission to school. Many psychologists are confident that all mental processes in a child develop at the age of 7-8 years, so it is best not to rush into school. Other experts claim that a child from the age of six adapts much more easily to the school environment than children from the age of eight. Basically, you need to think for yourself whether it is worth sending your child to school at such a young age. If you decide that your child needs to grow up a little more, then you need to write an application that your child will start attending school, for example, in a year, or at the age of eight years.
I'm interested in your opinion. Until how old should you support your child?
Disputes often arise among car owners about whether it is possible to transport children in the front passenger seat. While some are convinced that this is categorically impossible to do under any circumstances, others are confident that it is possible and calmly do so. Let's figure out whose side the truth is on. We will rely on paragraph 178 of the traffic rules, which covers the issues of transporting children.
In what cases is it prohibited to transport a child in the passenger seat?
You definitely cannot transport children under 12 years of age (under 150 cm tall) in the front seat without special child restraint devices. Children cannot be transported in the front seat in infant carriers or car seats installed with their backs to the windshield when the airbag is activated. This prohibition is explained by the fact that when deployed in the event of an accident, the airbag hits the back of the cradle sharply and with great force and presses it against the passenger seat, as a result of which the child can receive serious injuries or even die.
In what cases is it possible to transport a child in the front seat?
Children over 12 years of age can travel in the front seat without the use of assistive devices. It is mandatory to fasten your child with a seat belt. If the child is not yet 12 years old, but is quite tall (height exceeds 150 cm), then he can also be transported in the front seat without a child restraint, but fastened with a regular passenger seat belt. Children under 12 years of age can be transported in the front seat in infant carriers, car seats, or boosters.
But in this case, the child must face the windshield, the car seat must be secured, the child must be fastened using the internal straps of the car seat or a car seat belt. Children under 12 years old can be transported in the front seat in a car seat with their back to the windshield, but only if the car has a function to turn off the airbag in the front passenger seat area. Of course, with the specified installation of the car seat, the airbag must be turned off before the trip.
What is the best and safest way to transport a child?
Experts have repeatedly said that the front passenger seat is the most unsafe. In emergency situations, the driver acts instinctively, moving his “side” of the car away from the impact, so the impact most often falls on the side of the passenger in the front seat. If there is an opportunity not to put the child in the front seat, then it is better to use it.
The safest place is considered to be behind the driver. However, in this position it is completely inconvenient to observe the child. The best option would be to seat the young passenger in the second row in the center. In this case, it will be convenient for the driver to keep an eye on the baby through the mirror in the cabin, and while waiting at traffic lights, he will be able to turn his head and talk to the child for a few seconds.
There are cases when a child flatly refuses to sit in the back or behaves very capriciously, which makes the driver nervous. In such a situation, the best solution would be to seat the child in the front, following all the rules described above. The peace of mind of the driver and passengers are no less important for a safe trip.
At what age can you legally send your child to school?
In accordance with Part 1 of Art. 67 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”, a child can be sent to school at the age of 6 years and 6 months. However, the extreme limit is 8 years. But, in the presence of certain deviations in the physical or psychological state. For example, if your child speaks poorly and still needs to work with specialists. You take a special certificate from the medical center and write a statement to the local authorities stating that your child is not ready to start studying in a general education institution.
Exactly what age can a child start school at?
- The law stipulates that the age at which a child can start school is 6 years and 6 months;
- A child can be admitted to school earlier if he is 6 years and 5 months old on the first of September;
- If there are any medical contraindications, a child can go to school at the age of 8 years.
Thus, our state establishes quite strict requirements for the age of a child regarding his admission to school. Many psychologists are confident that all mental processes in a child develop at the age of 7-8 years, so it is best not to rush into school. Other experts claim that a child from the age of six adapts much more easily to the school environment than children from the age of eight. Basically, you need to think for yourself whether it is worth sending your child to school at such a young age.
Until what age do you need a child car seat?
If you decide that your child needs to grow up a little more, then you need to write an application that your child will start attending school, for example, in a year, or at the age of eight years.
The relationship between law and child development
The letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation “On the organization of education in the first grade of a four-year primary school” determines that a general education institution can refuse parents to admit children if, at the time of September 1, the child is under 6 years and six months old. Many lawyers say that if your child is 6.5 years old, then you can go to school in October. After all, most often at this age the child is asked to be picked up from kindergarten, since there are sorely not enough places for children. Before enrolling in school, visit certain educational institutions and find out if your child can be accepted before the stated deadline.
Another important aspect of entering a general education institution is to undergo diagnostics of intellectual and psychological development. This check allows you to determine whether the child is ready to attend an educational institution. As a rule, this diagnosis comes down to simple questions that the child should answer without difficulty. If your child has not passed such a diagnosis, then no one has the right to expel you from kindergarten, since it is believed that the child is not yet ready to study at school.
Children's car seats: what are they and how to choose?
A family car must sooner or later be equipped with a child car seat. When the time comes to purchase a seat, there are a lot of nuances that are worth considering.
General concepts
The most important parameter and main task of a child seat is its safety. For this purpose, the well-known safety standard ECE R44.03 was created. A manufacturer's satisfaction of this standard means that they have met all technical requirements to ensure optimal safety. The standard does not become outdated because it is regularly updated in connection with the development of the automotive industry.
A complete list of rules for transporting children in cars can be found in our article.
The latest edition is the 1995 version, the mandatory requirements of which are:
- Provides security on the sides.
- Availability of a new group classification from 0 to 13 kg (group 0+), as well as color coding. Red - installation behind the move and blue - against the movement of the car.
- Compliance of each of the elements of the chair with individual requirements (strength of belt tension, cold resistance, etc.
After the chair passes this kind of theoretical test, it is tested in practice. The tests are carried out using a dummy of a certain weight, which is put into emergency situations.
Children up to what age
The progress of the tests is recorded on camera.
A mandatory test criterion is that the doll does not leave certain areas and avoids possible collisions with other objects. The speed of movement of individual limbs and the head of a potential baby is also recorded. This parameter should not reach levels that are hazardous to health. The chairs that go on sale can be expensive, but this price includes careful selection. It’s better not to skimp on your child’s safety.
What types of child car seats are there?
Group 0+
Group 0+ is intended for children aged 0 to 12-15 months and weighing up to 13 kilograms. These seats are adapted for manual transportation and can be used as rocking chairs. They are fixed in the car only facing the direction of travel. Also mandatory is the presence of adjustable internal seat belts. Some manufacturers equip their seats with additional functions. For example, some chairs have indicators for proper seating, and some models include a headrest, hood and pads for extra comfort. Hanging toys, a warm bag or a raincoat are optionally included.
Group 1
Group 1 car seats are designed for children up to 4 years old and weighing up to 18 kg. These seats are designed for long-term use, so the range of models is much more diverse, and the quality of the body material, fittings and other parts is an order of magnitude higher than that of the previous group. Since these chairs are intended for older children, their functionality is much wider. For example, fixed tilt angles and other means of additional comfort have been added.
These car seats can only be installed facing the direction of travel. Some models are designed specifically for long trips. In general, this group is very diverse in terms of tasks and functionality.
Group 2 and 3
These high-back chairs are designed for very adult children weighing up to 25 and 36 kg (groups 2 and 3, respectively). There are no clear age limits for them, which makes the seats universal. Many models are equipped with an adjustable headrest or a removable backrest. The straps have an adjustable strap designed for maximum security.
Child seat fine
Do not skimp on the safety of your children and remember that there is a fine for failure to comply with traffic rules. On the territory of the Russian Federation, in accordance with the requirements of current legislation, it is prohibited for a child under the age of 12 to ride in a car without special child car seats.
Until 2007, in our country, the use of child car seats was advisory in nature and did not entail any sanctions from the law. However, since 2007, the installation of special devices for transporting children has become a mandatory requirement.
For 2016, in accordance with the current legislation, clause 22.9 is stated in the Road Traffic Rules, which clearly states that transporting children requires the installation of a special car seat, the design of which not only allows it to be attached to the main seat of the car, but also to fasten a baby traveling in him. Failure to comply with this requirement will result in penalties of in the amount of 3000 rubles for individuals.
As for the installation location of the seat, the driver can choose himself. The main thing is that there is an opportunity to reach the child with one hand. As for transporting a child not in the front seat, it is allowed provided that a special seat is installed.
Manufacturers of child car seats
As for the actual choice of chair model, you should pay attention to a number of characteristics that are mandatory. These include the presence of their own seat belts, the possibility of rigid fastening, as well as the presence of side supports and head restraints. It is better if high-quality and safe materials are used, which is why many parents choose child car seats from trusted manufacturers such as Britax, Recaro, Romer and others.
The products of these companies are in demand among buyers due to their excellent workmanship and wide functionality. For example, Recaro seats have many adjustments, use a special five-point harness system and reinforced headrest and armrests, which provides an excellent level of safety and comfort.
The range and details about each car seat model can be found on the website of the children's online store OliKids.
Children under 12 years of age are prohibited from riding in the front seat without using child restraints. The use of seat belts is mandatory for the driver and all passengers. Group 0+ Child weight - less than 13 kg. Approximate age: from birth to 1 year. Installation method: facing against the direction of travel.
The law requires that children be transported in cars only with the use of special crash restraint devices. In most cases, the role of such devices is played by a child's car seat. Of course, this norm appeared for a reason - it was dictated by concern for the safety of children while driving.
Car seat belts are designed for an adult and cannot protect a child. In the event of a collision, it will simply slip out from under the belt, and the chance of injury will increase significantly. A child seat is designed primarily to provide a position for the child to be secured with seat belts. According to the current version of the traffic rules, it is necessary to transport a child using special devices until the age of 12.
Without restricting comfort, it raises the child's body in a sitting position to a level at which it can be properly fastened with seat belts. However, it must be taken into account that it is impossible to transport children in the front seat in this way - in this case a car seat is necessary. A child car seat (car seat, booster seat) belongs to “child restraint devices” (CDUs) or systems (child restraint systems).
Baby booster. For the transportation of young infants, when a sitting position is harmful to the child's health, infant carriers are designed in which the child is transported in a lying position. Boosters are designed for transporting older children. At the same time, some models of car seats combine the function of infant carriers and allow you to transport young children lying down (or reclining).
At what age and at what age should a child be transported in a car in a child seat?
Also, in Russia, children's seat belt anchors (FEST) are used in the form of a triangular overlay. When choosing child restraint devices, you should pay attention that boosters are designed for older children, otherwise they do not provide the necessary safety for the child. The safety of seat belt anchors is questioned by some authors, especially since, unlike car seats (car seats), they are not subject to mandatory testing and certification.
It is important that the child car seat is properly secured in the car and that the child is properly restrained in it. For this purpose, children's car seats are equipped with stickers on which instructions are placed that clearly describe the correct methods of fastening. Also, child car seats help babies travel comfortably.
Manufactured child car seats may correspond to one or more weight groups. Often children's car seats of group 0+ are called carriers - they are relatively lightweight, have a carrying handle and can be used at home as a rocking chair. Some models can be installed on special bases that are mounted inside the car.
When the child reaches approximately 18 months, the child car seat should be installed facing forward. A child up to a weight of 15 kg is secured with internal belts, which are then removed. Older children (from 4 years old) are secured in a car seat with a standard car seat belt. Group I/II/III child car seats are often called universal - they are intended for children of a wide age range.
The Isofix mounting system is considered the safest and most convenient way to secure a child car seat. It virtually eliminates errors when installing a child car seat. Almost all child car seats with the Isofix system can also be secured using standard car seat belts.
Until what age do you need a child seat in a car?
In the USA, the LATCH fastening system is common. It is similar to the European Isofix. The main difference is that instead of metal guides with locks (Isofix), the LATCH system uses belts with locks.
Until what age should children be transported in a car seat?
The seat had a primitive design and would not have been able to protect against injury. The purpose of this device was simple - to hold the child in place so that he would not distract the driver from the road. It was equipped with a seat belt, and was attached to a pin mounted into the floor of the car.
In 1963, Professor Bertil Aldman (Sweden) designed a new model of a child's car seat. This chair was installed in the front seat with the back facing forward (against the movement of the car). In 1967, the Volvo automobile concern presented a child seat developed jointly with Professor Aldman at an international exhibition. In 1970, the German government banned the production of cars without seat belts.
Child seat - what is it for?
In 1990, the ISO International Institute introduced the new Isofix fastening system. From 1 January 1993, the ECE R 44 standard becomes mandatory for child car seats sold in Europe. In 1997, Römer released the first chair with the Isofix fastening system - the Römer Prince Isofix.
