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Maternity benefits for the unemployed. What payments are due to unemployed pregnant women and unemployed mothers?
Many unemployed expectant mothers are concerned about what payments they are entitled to in connection with a future addition to the family.
In the article we will describe what payments a pregnant unemployed woman is entitled to claim, what documents need to be submitted and where, etc.
What benefits are available to pregnant unemployed women?
Every non-working mother has every right to contact the social security department at her place of registration and (or) the central labor protection center to receive financial assistance.
Maternity benefit– if a pregnant woman quit her previous job, she can register with the labor exchange. By registering there before the onset of leave due to pregnancy and childbirth, she will receive funds in the amount of 850 to 4900 rubles.
One-time payment to a non-working mother during early pregnancy– if the expectant mother registered with the Employment Center before the 12th week, the money for registration itself at this time is in addition to the pregnancy benefit. Will be paid at the place of destination and payment of maternity benefits. For this reason, those pregnant women who do not have and have not had official work cannot receive this type of compensation. However, there is one caveat: this rule does not apply to women students who are full-time students at universities and to women who quit due to the liquidation of the company.
One-time payment upon birth of a child— one of the parents can receive a lump sum payment. If 2, 3 or more children were born, money will be allocated for each newborn.
Monthly financial assistance for child care– if the mother does not receive financial assistance due to the fact that she is unemployed, social security assigns her subsidies from the day the child is born until he reaches 1.5 years of age.
How can unemployed women receive maternity benefits?
The rights of unemployed pregnant women to receive any unemployment benefits can only be maintained until the 30th week. Then they are deregistered or take a break based on sick leave. If a woman has not worked at all, then she can only receive financial support in the form of subsidies for child care up to 1.5 years.
Who pays maternity benefits to an unemployed woman?
Is maternity benefit paid to a non-working woman? The question worries everyone who plans to give birth in the near future.
If a woman did not work anywhere, or quit her job even before she became pregnant, no one will give her maternity benefits, because at a certain period the woman is deregistered at the labor exchange. Even if, upon returning from vacation, she returns to the register at the Employment Center, the payment will not be assigned.
Amount of maternity benefit for unemployed women
In Russia, motherhood is encouraged in monetary terms. Unemployed mothers can receive:
- One-time compensation at birth in the amount of 16,350 rubles;
- Benefit paid monthly for child care. An unemployed woman receives 3,065 rubles for her first child, 6,131 for her second or third child. If twins or triplets are born, then the subsidies are summed up;
- Monthly financial assistance.
The conditions for making payments and their amounts may vary depending on the region.
List of documents
Documents for receiving benefits for pregnant unemployed women:
- Statement;
- Original and copy of the child’s birth certificate;
- If this is the 2nd child, you must provide the birth certificate of the first one; if the first child died, you need a death certificate;
- If dad does not work or studies at a university, provide a certificate stating that he does not receive financial assistance from the state;
- A copy of the work record book certified by a notary;
- A certificate from the SZN stating that unemployment compensation is not issued;
- A document confirming the fact that the child lives in Russia with one of the parents;
- If the parent is a full-time student at the university, a certificate from the place of study.
Sample application for benefits
In order for an unemployed mother to receive financial assistance in connection with an addition to the family, she must contact social security with an application.
Sample application for a lump sum payment in connection with the birth of a child
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Child care benefits are essential financial assistance to parents, taking into account the incapacity of one of them due to maternity leave. This help is especially noticeable for non-working families.
Who can receive benefits (which unemployed persons are eligible for assistance)
In addition to the mother, the father or other relative who is raising the child (as a rule, these are unemployed grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc.) have the right to receive child care benefits.
The recipient can be any one person from the family. And if everything is very clear with payments for working people - those who went on vacation receive the funds, then with non-working categories of citizens things are more complicated.
| Life situation as a basis for receiving benefits | Who in the family is eligible to claim benefits? | ||
| Mother | Father | other relative caring for the child | |
| Those dismissed during the mother's maternity leave (after childbirth) | + | + | + |
| Fired during pregnancy | + | - | - |
| Students of universities and secondary vocational schools. institutions studying full-time | + | + | |
| Individual entrepreneurs (as well as lawyers, notaries, members of peasant farms, etc.) | + | + | + (if the individual entrepreneur paid deductions for himself) |
| Non-working pensioners (for any reason: old age, disability, loss of a breadwinner, etc.) | + | + | +, subject to lack of care from the mother (death, declared dead, deprived of parental rights, serving a sentence, etc.) |
| Unemployed people who do not receive unemployment benefits, individual entrepreneurs who do not pay contributions to the Social Insurance Fund | + | + | +, subject to lack of care from the mother (death, declared dead, deprived of parental rights, serving a sentence, etc.) |
You should know that in addition to Russians, a foreigner (stateless person) who has a residence permit in the Russian Federation can also count on child transfers.
Benefit amount
The amount of the benefit is influenced by many circumstances: social status, previous income, number of children, etc.
Based on your life situation, you should apply one or another calculation formula (there are several of them).
The unemployed, pensioners, individual entrepreneurs (who do not pay contributions to the Social Insurance Fund), students.
In a standard situation, the calculation is made using the formula:
"FR (fixed size)" X "RK (regional coefficient)".
Where, the fixed amount (also, in other words, the minimum amount of accruals) depends on the number of children the recipient of child benefits has:
- RUR 3,142.33 for the firstborn;
- RUB 6,284.65 for the second and subsequent children.
The indicated values are indexed annually, so earlier, in 2016, the first one was entitled to 3065.69 rubles, for the subsequent ones - 6131.37 rubles.
Regional coefficients are established in the Information Letter of the Department of Income and Living Standards of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 670-9 dated May 19, 20103. Not all regions apply coefficients (based on difficult climatic conditions).
Example No. 1. Ivanova S.E. is unemployed and lives in the Kemerovo region. This means that when calculating assistance, you need to multiply the minimum indicator by the coefficient. 1.3. Thus, child benefit for Ivanova S.E. will be equal to 4085.02 rubles. And if she lived in the Krasnodar region, then the monthly payment would be equal to 3,142.33 rubles, that is, in “pure form,” since the regional coefficient is not applied in the Krasnodar region.
If care payments are made simultaneously for two or more children, then all accruals are summed up.
Example No. 2. Student Grigorieva A.E., a resident of Saratov, gave birth to a daughter in January 2018, and in March 2019, twin boys. Since January 2018, she has been charged a monthly payment of 3,065.69 rubles. in February 2019 it was indexed and its size was 3,142.33 rubles. In March 2019, A.E. Grigorieva is already due for the first, second and third baby in a total amount of 15,711.63 rubles. (3142.33 + 6284.65+6284.65). The Republic of Kazakhstan will not be applied, since the coefficient has not been established for the Saratov region.
These calculations are equally applicable to other non-working relatives who care for minors in the absence of the mother (died, deprived of rights, declared dead by the court, seriously ill and physically unable to take care of the baby, etc.).
Those laid off during maternity leave
The calculation formula is:
“SMZ (average monthly earnings)” X 0,4 X "RK (regional coefficient)"
In this calculation, the SMZ is taken for 12 months. The last month included in this one-year period is the one preceding the month in which the maternity leave was granted (not the month of actual dismissal). Let’s say my mother went on vacation on May 20, 2019, and quit on July 13, 2019, then the SMZ is calculated within the range from 05/01/2018 to 05/01/2019.
In any case, dismissal must be during the vacation period and on the basis of: liquidation of an organization, termination of the functioning of an individual entrepreneur, notary, law office, etc.
If, when paying wages, the employer calculated the regional coefficient, then it does not appear in the calculation formula, since it is already actually taken into account.
There are limits for this type of state support (regardless of the calculation results):
- cannot be lower than RUB 3,142.33. (for the first-born) and 6,284.65 rub. (for subsequent children);
- should not exceed 12,569.33 rubles. (the number of children does not affect the indicator).
Often the amount of state support assigned in connection with going on maternity leave changes upon subsequent dismissal.
Example No. 3. Spiridonova A.A., a resident of the Samara region, had an average income for 2015 and 2016 of 37,000 rubles. On March 14, 2017, she went on vacation. She was given a monthly amount of 14,800 rubles. Due to the liquidation of the employer, she was fired on June 30, 2017. From 07/01/2017, the amount of state support will be 12,569.33 rubles, since the previous value (14,800 rubles) was higher than the maximum allowable amount of child care benefits for a non-working mother.
Mothers fired during pregnancy
Two calculation methods are used, which depend on whether the mother was on maternity leave or not.
When the stage of pregnancy is early (that is, the vacation is still premature), then the amount of maintenance is determined as in the situation for the unemployed, students, individual entrepreneurs, etc., that is, for the first-born the amount is 3,142.33 rubles, for subsequent children 6,284.65 rubles .
When a pregnant woman officially went on maternity leave, no matter before or after giving birth, the calculation formula looks the same as for those fired during maternity leave:
Formula:
"NW" X "RK" X 0,4
Values: SZ - average monthly earnings for 1 year, taken up to the month (inclusive) after which the dismissal occurred. RK - regional coefficient.
In these situations, it is important that the basis for dismissal should be the fact of liquidation of the employer, so to speak, forced dismissal. And when determining the size, there are also upper and lower limits (12,569.33 and 3142.33/6284.65, respectively).
Example No. 4. Anfiskina A.F. on maternity leave from December 20, 2018. And after 2 months (she had not yet given birth) she was fired due to the termination of the individual entrepreneur (employer) of its activities, that is, on February 20, 2019. For the period from January 2018 to January 2019 the average monthly salary was 22,000 rubles. Since Anfiskina A.F. lives in Perm, then the regional coefficient is 1.15. Anfiskina A.F. gave birth to a daughter on March 5, 2019. Therefore, she is due to receive 10,120 rubles. (22 thousand X 0.4 X 1.15).
What documents are needed
The set of documents for each case is varied, but in any case it contains a basic package.
Basic package
- Statement . For non-working parents, the application must be written according to established templates in the relevant body that makes the payment (social security, social insurance fund (for individual entrepreneurs who voluntarily pay contributions for themselves)). At these institutions, a specialist issues a form that must be filled out according to the columns and details (filling out no special difficulties arises). If the application is made through the MFC, then the employee receiving the reception fills out the application himself; the applicant only has to check the correctness of what is written and put his personal signature. In any case, the following data is indicated in the application:
- About the recipient (full name, date of birth, registration address, passport details);
- Name of funds transferred (monthly child care allowance);
- Receipt method (via a bank, then indicate account details or by postal order);
- List of applications.
- Document for the child. This could be either a birth/adoption certificate or a court decision establishing guardianship, etc. Moreover, information is provided for all existing children (without reservations).
- Certificate from dad from place of work that he is not being paid child care benefits (if the father is not working, then he takes such a certificate from the social security office at his place of residence, if the individual entrepreneur - from the territorial branch of the Social Insurance Fund);
- Work book. If it is absent, the application itself must indicate that the recipient has never worked and does not work, is an individual entrepreneur, etc.;
- Help from the employment center that the applicant is not registered and does not receive unemployment benefits (it is not required if an entrepreneur applies);
- Document confirming the child’s residence with the parent(certificate of family composition, persons registered in the address, etc.);
Additional package for those laid off during maternity leave
- Instead of a work book - an extract from it about the last employment;
- Order to go on maternity leave, certificate of accrued child care allowance. This is obtained from the previous employer;
- Certificate from your last job showing average monthly earnings.
Student package
Certificate from the university.
Package for entrepreneurs
- Certificates for individual entrepreneurs (state registration, TIN).
- A certificate from the Social Insurance Fund about the lack of registration with social insurance and the non-receipt of monthly funds for the child there (to obtain this certificate from social insurance, you must write an application and attach a copy of the individual entrepreneur’s certificate, the baby’s birth certificate).
When and where to apply for benefits
Child care benefits for an unemployed mother are assigned and issued by a social security institution (Sobes).
An unemployed applicant must contact the territorial Social Security at his place of registration with a package of documents for state support. It is possible to contact the MFC (subsequently, the applicant’s data is sent to Social Security), as practice shows, it is in the MFC that it is easier and more efficient to start the process (less queue, longer daily work hours, sometimes closer to the applicant’s place of residence, etc.).
If we are talking about an individual entrepreneur who is voluntarily insured by social insurance (pays contributions for himself), then such an entrepreneur requests benefits from the service department of the Social Insurance Fund.
You can submit an application with attachments from the day the child is born (in advance, that is, this cannot be done before birth).
The deadline for applying is no later than when the child turns 2 years old. If the application is made outside this period, the monthly allowance will be refused. Only in court can such a period be restored (but serious reasons will be needed to recognize the absence as valid; this is a very rare judicial practice).
How is the payment made?
There are two ways to receive financial assistance:
- transferred to a personal bank account (registered to the recipient);
- individual postal transfer. The applicant can receive it personally, or an authorized person under a notarized power of attorney.
State support is provided monthly no later than the 26th, that is, by the specified date the money arrives in a bank account or at the post office at the recipient’s residential address.
However, if you apply late (but within the deadline), then the funds will be paid in a lump sum for the missed period, that is, amounts for the time from the moment of birth and the date of the request for state assistance do not expire. Thus, within 10 days, social security must make a decision on the assignment of benefits and make a full payment by the 26th of the next month (without extending it for 1.5 years).
Example No. 5. Unemployed citizen Solovyova V.V. On August 1, 2018, she gave birth to a daughter and after giving birth she went to live with her parents in another region of the Russian Federation for 1 year. Due to this, I could not collect the necessary set of documentation and submit it to the social security office at my place of registration. Upon returning to the address of her residence, 09.20.2019 Solovyova V.V. contacted the territorial department of social protection. The documentation was accepted and the unemployed woman was assigned a monthly allowance in the amount of 2,908.62 rubles. (for the period from 08/01/2018 to 01/31/2019) and 3142.33 rubles. (for the period from 02/01/2019 to 09/01/2019). As a result, until October 26, 2019, V.V. Solovyova must make a payment of 39,068.62 rubles. (as of October) and continue transfers until January 31 of the next year.
Payment period
The transfer is made based on 18 months.
The first payment is made the next month after the month of application. For this month, the amount is calculated for the time from the birth of the child until the current month (from the monthly tariff rate recalculated to the actual quantity). Subsequently, payments are made monthly and stop in the month the child turns 1.5 years old.
In the last month, the amount of payment must correspond to the number of days from the first day to the child’s birthday (estimated number of days) and is determined by the formula: “amount of benefit” divided by “number of days in a month” multiplied by “estimated number of days”.
Refusal to pay and how to appeal it
There are not many reasons for depriving a parent of state assistance:
- A complete package of documentation is not provided;
- The appeal took place after the child was 2 years old;
- Inaccurate information was discovered;
- Any member of the applicant's family is already receiving care support;
- Applications and applications are submitted to the wrong territorial department;
- The applicant receives other payments incompatible with child benefits, for example, unemployment funds;
- The applicant is deprived of parental rights or is a foreign citizen not residing in the Russian Federation, etc.
Events and circumstances not related to the fault of the applicant for assistance, for example, lack of money in the treasury, budget deficit, etc., cannot be grounds for refusal.
The decision to refuse is made in writing within 10 days after submission of the documentation. This refusal can be appealed to the court within 3 months from the date of receipt of written notice of the refusal. To file a claim, you should contact a professional lawyer, since the court will need to legally competently draw up procedural documents, correctly formulate requirements, clearly describe the essence of the controversial issue, collect the necessary attachments, etc.
There are cases when a citizen, having submitted documents, receives neither money nor an answer. Then, after waiting a month, you can send a simple letter to the management of the social protection department, in which you write about the fact of the appeal, about the absence of any reaction and ask for clarification of the current situation. If no answers are received, then such silence should be regarded as a refusal and you can go to court.
Deadlines for applying for temporary disability benefits, maternity benefits, and monthly child care benefits
Non-working women are entitled to maternity benefits on the same basis as those who are employed. Only the payer and the amount of payments will differ.
Who is entitled to payments?
Cash payments are provided to working women when going on maternity leave. But there are also categories of unemployed women who are entitled to payments. These include:
- female students studying full-time;
- contract employees;
- employees dismissed due to the liquidation of the company.
A woman can go on vacation ahead of schedule if she lives in environmentally unsafe areas:
- regions, contaminated after the Chernobyl accident;
- pollution after the accident at the Mayak plant.
Who is not entitled to maternity benefits?
- Unemployed housewives cannot count on maternity benefits.
- Expectant mothers who did not work officially are deprived of the right to receive payments.
- Dismissed on their own initiative.
- Part-time students are also not entitled to payments, unlike those who study full-time.
Do you need information on this issue? and our lawyers will contact you shortly.
One-time benefit for those who stand up onaccountingon early pregnancy
To receive an additional payment, you must register before twelve weeks of pregnancy.
Early registration is confirmed by a certificate from the antenatal clinic.
How benefits are paid upon liquidation of a company
Liquidation of a company is an event that does not depend on the will of the employees. If a woman officially worked, and social insurance contributions were transferred from her income, then social guarantees are due.
Important! You can receive preferential conditions when assigning payments if you register with the labor exchange on time. You must appear for registration no later than twelve months from the date of termination of the contract.
There are 3 cases when transfers are made:
- liquidation of a company or reorganization;
- termination of business activity;
- loss of legal status.
The ballot gives the right not only to take leave, but also to receive cash payments.
Expectant mothers receive full payment for the period of leave under the BiR. The amount of compensation is not very large, it is only 300 rubles. But this amount increases every year.
Attention! During maternity leave, an unemployed woman is not removed from the register. The transfer of unemployment benefits is suspended while the employment holiday is in progress. But then payments resume again. Thus, social guarantees approved by the state remain.
But the right to receive unemployment benefits remains when two conditions are met:
- No more than one year has passed since the date of termination of the contract.
- The reason for dismissal is the liquidation of the company.
In other cases (dismissal at will, did not work before registration at the employment service, did not work for more than one year), maternity benefits are not due.
You can choose child care benefits. However, then unemployment benefits will not be transferred.
Transfer through social protection of the population
If the company was reorganized or liquidated, then the payer is social security. You should contact specialists at your place of registration.
Attention! The Labor Exchange does not provide maternity payments to the unemployed. Here you can only receive transfers related to lack of work.
3 documents for applying to social protection:
- an application signed by the applicant himself;
- an extract from the work record book, which confirms the reasons for the termination of the contract;
- a certificate from the labor exchange stating that the applicant is registered as unemployed.
For citizens who are engaged in business, another additional document is added. It is necessary to submit a certificate from the tax inspectorate regarding the termination of activities.
A sick leave certificate is required. The document is drawn up at thirty weeks of pregnancy. The document receives legal force after medical specialists sign and stamp it.
The payment is made from federal budget funds. Targeted transfers are made to the regional budget.
A decision on the application is made no later than ten days after its registration. The transfer is made no later than the twenty-sixth day of the month when the appeal is registered.
Benefits for contract employees
Expectant mothers who serve under a contract can receive a salary every month.
This includes employees:
- penal system;
- fire service;
- customs authorities.
To apply for benefits, you must write an application. Attached to it is a certificate issued in place, in place accommodation. You also need a certificate from a medical institution, certified by doctors’ signatures and a seal.
Handbook on BiR for full-time students
Receipt of payments is not affected by the type of training - paid or free. Payments will be made from funds from the budget allocated to the university. The degree of accreditation of the educational institution is also not taken into account.
Procedure:
- take the application and documents to the accounting department at the place of study;
- the money will be given in the form of a scholarship.
From the documents you will need a certificate of incapacity for work, issued at 30 weeks of pregnancy.
One-time state assistance for the birth of a child
A one-time cash transfer is given to the mother or father of the child. The guarantee is provided regardless of the citizen’s social status.
The transfer amount is 16,350 rubles. 33 k. Law No. 81- Federal Law is the main legal act regulating the registration procedure. It contains provisions on the provision of benefits to citizens with children.
One of the parents can receive funds at their place of service.
Unemployed citizens should contact specialists from the social protection department at their place of residence.
Important! You can also receive money when adopting a baby. When deciding on the assignment of benefits, it matters the age of the baby at which adoption took place. Download for viewing and printing:
Making payments at the parent’s place of work
3 nuances of payment processing:
- You must submit your application no later than six months from the date of birth of the child.
- The right to social security is lost when a child is stillborn;
- When two children are born, a transfer is made for each of them.
If one parent “stays” at home and the other serves, then transfers are assigned to the one who works. In the event of a divorce, funds are awarded to the parent with whom the children remain.
To receive an application, an application is written to the director of the company. You must ask for funds to be transferred. The application is accompanied by a document confirming the birth of the child, as well as a certificate of non-receipt of payments by the spouse.
Where to receive payments to the unemployed
When social security contributions have been made for citizens, you should contact the specialists of the Social Insurance Fund.
Reception of unemployed citizens is carried out by social protection specialists.
Most companies make transfers to employees' bank cards. Some enterprises maintain the practice of issuing funds in person. When an application is submitted to social protection specialists, a bank account is written in the application, where transfers are made.
The accounting department requests the following list of documents from employees:
- statement;
- certificate from the civil registry office (form F 24);
- passports of mother and father along with photocopies;
- birth document;
- certificate from the second spouse about non-receipt of funds.
Social security can make transfers by mail or to a bank card.
Attention! To receive an additional transfer, you must attach a certificate of admission to the antenatal clinic at an early stage.
October 7, 2017, 00:43 March 3, 2019 13:46 
Every expectant mother wonders what kind of monetary compensation pregnant women are entitled to. The article provides up-to-date answers to pressing questions regarding such material benefits. Conventionally, there are three groups of recipients of funds from the state budget: working, non-working and officially unemployed. Most payments are made to employed women, even if they have a child (the specifics of such payments are given). This is how the state stimulates employment. But the housewife will also get something. Those who are given a “gray” salary, without registration, are considered unemployed.
What payments are due to pregnant unemployed women in 2018?
Maternity benefits are not provided for unemployed women. There are exceptions for mothers who have not yet started working, due to:
- with bankruptcy/liquidation of the company;
- termination of IP;
- notary practice;
- loss of lawyer status;
- serving under a contract.
The procedure for supporting unemployed women in the above-mentioned cases is established by law. No more than a year should pass from the onset of events. Unemployed female students studying full-time can receive assistance. Its amount is equal to the scholarship. Do not rush to get upset if you do not fall into the category of maternity benefit recipients. A non-working mother will be able to claim a lump sum payment. Modest compensation is also due for the care of the baby up to one and a half years. Where can an unemployed pregnant woman apply for financial assistance? Only in social security agencies.
One-time benefit for those registered in the early stages of pregnancy
This is assistance to pregnant women, designed to encourage early visits to the clinic. It is accrued in a fixed amount - 613.14 rubles, as an addition to other payments. In 2018, the amount required by law was indexed. The current rates are set by the Government. To apply for compensation, you just need to fill out an application, attach a certificate from the hospital and your passport.
Maternity benefits in 2018 for unemployed women
A small proportion of unemployed women have the right to receive this essential help before the birth of a baby. Maternity benefits are accrued from the Social Insurance Fund. Contributions are made by the employer. The legislation provides for voluntary insurance for any citizens. Individual entrepreneurs, individuals, and members of farms can apply to the Social Insurance Fund themselves. The one who makes payments has the right to apply for this type of financial assistance. Persons listed as unemployed are deprived of the opportunity to receive this benefit. Pregnancy will only be a good reason not to visit the employment center yet. After the birth of a child, the law allows the resumption of unemployment payments. During pregnancy, this status is “frozen”.
Please note: Maternity benefits are not paid by the employment center.
One-time benefit for the birth of a child for working women
A one-time benefit is an affordable payment provided to all women who become mothers. Its size is 16,350.33 rubles. The period established for receipt is 6 months from the date of the happy event. You should apply for:
- in the FSS;
- to work;
- to the Social Security Administration.
Having given birth to a second, third and subsequent child, you can still count on maternity capital amounting to 453,026 thousand rubles; those who are not working are also given certificates. You should hurry, as the government program is coming to an end. There was no official decision on the extension. Whether the birth of multiple children will continue to be supported by the state remains a question.
Monthly child care allowance
Absolutely any working family member is allowed to take leave to care for a child up to 1.5 years old. It could be grandma. The only time for one of the relatives to take a vacation is that both parents are required to study or work. When the expectant mother is unemployed, the father, who has worked steadily for 2 years with one employer and receives a “white” salary, can take leave. Then it will be a profitable step. Benefits for unemployed women to care for a child up to 1.5 years old are accrued at the minimum established by law. It is formalized by social protection authorities. It is important to submit documents within six months from the moment the baby is born, then you can receive money for the missed months.
Who pays child care benefits for children up to 3 years of age to working women?
Until the child turns 3 years old, 2908.62 rubles are paid monthly. Compensation is assigned at the place of work. This amount is not returned to the employer from the Social Insurance Fund. It has not been indexed for many years, so many women prefer not to extend their vacation, but to return to the workplace. After receiving documents for any benefit, as a rule, a ten-day period is set for their consideration. After this, the authority must make a reasoned decision.
Maternity leave usually refers to two types of leave - prenatal and postnatal, the duration of each of which can vary from 70 to 86 days. The very concept of “vacation” means temporary release from a permanent occupation, that is, from work or service while maintaining the average salary for this period. Accordingly, unemployed women cannot be provided with maternity leave or pay during the leave period. But since the bearing and birth of children is a significant event not only for an individual woman, but also for the state and society as a whole, the legislator has provided a number of exceptions for various categories of unemployed women.
Employers are in no hurry to hire employees who will go on long-term maternity leave in a few months, and concealing a pregnancy for most women is both unpleasant and embarrassing, not to mention the possible consequences. Therefore, even worrying about the future, many resign themselves to the situation and prepare for the birth of a new life, remaining a housewife. But a new family member makes you worry about finances twice as much as before, so the issue of maternity payments to the unemployed worries many expectant mothers.
Which unemployed women can qualify for maternity benefits?
Expert opinion
Andrey Leroux
More than 15 years of experience. Specialization: contract law, criminal law, general theory of law, banking law, civil procedure
Women who are in a permanent employment relationship at the time of going on sick leave have the right to receive maternity benefits.
The amount of payment will directly depend on the total length of service and average earnings over the last 2 years. At the same time, whatever the parameters for calculating benefits (length of service and average salary), it should not be:
- less than the minimum threshold of 43,675 rubles;
- more than the maximum threshold of 282,493 rubles.
So, to receive benefits, two conditions are required - length of service and average salary for the last two years. Why can’t women who have work experience and have not worked, say, for more than six months, receive benefits? Do not forget that the benefit is paid by the employer. This is why finding employment for pregnant women can be so difficult. The employer is upset not by the fact that a woman will work for several months and go on maternity leave, but by the fact that he will have to pay a benefit of at least 43 and a half thousand rubles to a woman who has worked only a few months, or even much more.
Taking into account these personnel features, the legislator provided that women left without work as a result of the liquidation or bankruptcy of an enterprise will be able to receive benefits, but not from the employer, but from social services. In addition, unemployed women of the following categories have the right to receive benefits:
- lawyers, notaries and other private entrepreneurs who stopped working due to pregnancy;
- female and full-time students;
- those serving in the civil service in the Ministry of Defense, the Customs Service and other government agencies, as well as wives of military personnel.
The list is exhaustive. Neither self-employed people, nor housewives, nor evening or part-time students are entitled to receive benefits.
Where to go?
No matter how cruel it may sound, if a woman does not work and does not fall into any of the categories listed above, she has nowhere to turn. The only way to get benefits is to get a job during a short period of pregnancy. Concealing the fact of pregnancy will be dishonest to the employer, but will not be illegal. Unemployed women included in any of the above categories (except for full-time students and civil servants) can apply for benefits to social authorities within six months from the date of issue of the sick leave. The money will be transferred to the account or paid in cash at the cash desk within ten days from the date of submitting the application.
Female and full-time students with an application for payment of benefits will have to contact the accounting department of their educational institution. Civil servants apply for benefits to the accounting department at their place of service. Along with the application, the authorities responsible for calculating benefits will need to submit:
- a certificate from the LCD (indicating the gestational age exceeding 180 days from the date of conception),
- passport,
- marriage certificate,
- a certificate from the military registration and enlistment office for wives of military personnel.
How much maternity benefits are paid to the unemployed?
Benefits are not the only payments due to expectant mothers, and if funds cannot be received from the employer, then every woman can receive financial support from the state, which is another kind of maternity assistance, regardless of whether she has a job or insurance coverage. Next, we’ll look in more detail at how unemployed parents of a newborn baby can receive maternity benefits, and in what amount.
Features of calculating benefits for women on maternity leave:
First of all, unemployed parents can receive state benefits, which are paid in a lump sum after the birth of a child. In 2015, the amount of payment of such a benefit is 14,497.80 rubles and to obtain it, you need to submit a package of documents to the place of work of the child’s father, and if he is also in the status of unemployed, to the place of residence of one of the parents of the newborn, to the social authorities protection. The package of documents includes the following:
- application form (written on the spot);
- a certificate from the registry office about the birth of the baby;
- personal bank account number where you plan to receive the payment;
- a certificate confirming the absence of payments in another social security department, if the child’s parents are registered at different addresses.
In addition to a one-time benefit at the birth of a child, unemployed mothers can receive a monthly child care benefit until the child reaches one and a half years of age. This benefit can be received by any person directly caring for the baby; accordingly, it can also be applied for by both the mother and the father of the child. The unemployed are entitled to 2,718.34 rubles for the first child, and 5,436.67 for the second and subsequent children. To register, you must submit:
- statement;
- passport;
- child's birth certificate and its copy;
- a certificate from the spouse’s place of work or study confirming the absence of payments at this place;
- a certificate from the employment center confirming the absence of unemployment benefits;
- certified
In order to increase the birth rate of children, after the birth of their second child, parents can apply for the so-called registration. “maternity capital” - a large targeted cash payment amounting to 453,026.00 rubles in 2015. The purpose of paying these funds may be:
- child's education;
- improving the living conditions of the child’s family;
- increasing the pension for the child's mother in the future.
To apply for maternity capital, you should contact the pension authority at your place of residence with an application, to which you should attach the birth certificates of children, insurance numbers of individual personal accounts of all family members, the passport of the person applying and a marriage certificate (divorce certificate for divorced citizens). As a result, the applicant receives a certificate that can be immediately used to pay a mortgage, expand housing conditions, or for the education of a child after he reaches 3 years of age, as well as to increase the pension of the child’s mother.
Special types of assistance paid during maternity leave
For children of military personnel, a special allowance is also provided, independent of other payments, the amount of which is 9838.93 rubles, and its payment is made until the child reaches three years of age, or until the child’s father returns from service. Unlike the BiR benefit, this benefit does not require a condition about a formalized marriage with a military serviceman; it is enough that the father, who is a military man serving on conscript service, is included in the child’s birth certificate.
An important point is also the presence of additional significant factors that give the right to receive other government assistance not specified above - low-income families, large families, and so on. For example, a single mother without official employment can additionally receive targeted assistance in the amount of 300 to 1,300 rubles, as well as social benefits for a child in her region from 480 to 1,000 rubles per month. In addition, disabled children need state support, therefore, their parents are entitled to a special allowance for caring for a disabled child in the amount of 5,500 rubles. If such care is not provided by parents or a legal guardian (trustee), then assistance is paid in the amount of 1,200 rubles. In addition, a social disability pension can be issued for them; its size depends directly on the disability group.
In some regions of the Russian Federation, there are additional regional types of benefits, or the above-mentioned child benefits may apply, but at an increased rate. For example, in Moscow, an allowance for registering in the early stages of pregnancy is also paid to unemployed women, and in St. Petersburg, children from single-parent families are paid an allowance in the amount of 2,859 rubles before they reach 1.5 years of age.
